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18 CARL FKIEURICII PHILLIPP VON MARTICS.
general, and he prosecuted all of them with enthusiastic devotion.
He studied zoology under Goldfuss, chemistry under Hildebraud
philology under Harless, and philosophy under Mehmes and Vogel.
He had as his fellow-student Theodore Nees von Esenbeck, the author
of the ' Genera Plantarum Florie Germauicse,' and together they
prosecuted their studies at the house of the elder Von Esenbeck, at
Wurzburg.
In 18 14-, he published his first work, 'Plantarum Horti Academic!
Erlangensis Euumeratio,' and at this time he was engaged in collecting
the materials which, in 1817, he gave to the public as a ' Flora Cryp-
togamica Erlangensis.'
When Professor Schrank came to Eriangen to remove the herbarium
of Schreber, which the Bavarian Academy purchased after his death,
he made the acquaintance of Martins, and recommended him to come
to Munich. Acting on this advice, he became a pupil of the Academy,
and in 1816, he was appointed to an office in the Botanic Garden.
Maximilian, king of Bavaria, was interested in botany, and in his
visits to the Botanic Garden observed Martins acting as director for
Schrank, whose age incapacitated him for the duties. He accordingly
selected him, with Dr. Spix the zoologist, to join as savants the
embassy that was to accompany the young Austrian Princess destined to
be the Empress of Brazil. On the 10th of April, 1817, he embarked in
an Austrian frigate at Trieste. The plan of the expedition was prepared
by the Bavarian Academy, and they resolved to explore as much as
possible of that almost unknown region. They first visited the jn'O-
vinces of Rio and St. Paul, and then reached Pernanibuco and Bahia,
passing through the interior of the country, and enduring numberless
difficulties, privations, and dangers. They made extensive collections
in the province of Ilhcos, and soon quitted Bahia for a still more ex-
tensive journey across the provinces of Piauhy and Maranham to the
Amazon river, which they ascended as far as the confines of Peru.
This expedition was completed, for the small sum of £2400, in three
years, a distance of more than 4000 miles, through an untrodden
region, having been travelled over without any serious accident. The
collections brought home and deposited in the Munich Museum
amounted to 3500 species of animals and 6500 species of plants.
The travellers hastened to draw up an account of their journeys, and
to publish the vast amount of materials they had collected. Dr. Spix