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MEW PIJBLICATIONS. 243
covery in the direction of intelligent culture. The process is thus de-
scribed by Mr. M'lvor :
—
" In removing the strip of bark, two parallel cuts should be made down
the stem, at the distance apart of the intended width of the strip of bark ;
tliis done, the bark is raised from the sides of the cut and drawn off, be-
ginning from the bottom, care being taken not to injure the sappy matter
or Cambium left on the stem of the tree. This Cambium or sappy matter
immediately granulates on the removal of the bark, and, being covered,
forms a new bark, which maintains the circulation undisturbed."
This moss is kept continually moist, and, as in the case of the best
native bark, lichens cover them, thus being taken as a criterion of
goodness by the " Cascarilleros," so the presence of the moss keeps
the bark from direct sunlight, and thus preventing the oxidation of
the alkaloids and the elaboration of a troublous resin. From this it
may be seen that it is not only wasteful but useless labour to cut
down the tree in order to obtain the bark, and that killing the goose
to possess the golden egg is no longer necessary.
There are many other subjects we would like to note as the re-
searches of the author, together with those of Decaisne, Trecul, Berg,
etc., on physiological questions of vast importance on the Cambium,
mode and origin of the " renewed " bark, course of the sap, etc., but
space bids us draw this notice to a close. Even the leaves of the tree
are useful in fresh infusions or decoctions for the fevers of the country.
The appendix and addenda contain correspondence with the Under-
Secretary of State, Dr. De Vrij, etc., and other useful selections.
In conclusion, it is seen that careful attention to climatological
requirements and careful selection of the best species, have at least
rendered the barks in value fully equal to those of South American
growth, and even more so, as appears from a recent number of the
' Pharmaceutical Journal,' in which a case of a bark is mentioned
yielding 10 per cent.
At p. 30 the author conveniently sums up the conclusions which he
has aiTived at, and with more or less clearness succeeded in demon-
strating, viz. :
—
1. That the cultivation of the Cinchonse in India promises complete success,
but to ensure this, great attention must be paid to the choice of species.
2. That if properly conducted, it will prove remunerative.