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106 NEW BRITISH LICHENS.
tliouli its discoverv has been recorded bv Mr. Carroll in this Journal,
it has not hitherto been anywhere described.
3. Lecidea lithophiUza, Nyl. ; thallus greyish-white, firm, unequally
deplanate, areolate-diftVactate or areolate-rimose, thin ; apothecia
brownish-black, brown when moist, somewhat plane or convex, immar-
ginate, white within ; spores 8 in thecae, colourless, oblong, simple,
0-009-0-017 mm. long, 0-0035-0-0045 mm. thick; parnphyses of
medium thickness, livid-brown at top ; hypotheciura chalky-white in
the middle, and black in the lower stratum ; hymeneal gelatine dis-
tinctly blue with iodine.
On micaceous stones of a wall near Portlethen, in Kincardineshire,
south of A_berdeen. August, 1868. Though plentiful in one spot,
I vainly searched for it elsewhere in that neighbourhood. Its specific
name would seem to indicate its propinquity to L. Uthophila, Ach., a
species common on the granitic mountains of Braemar, but Nylander
observes, that it ought rather to occupy a place amongst the Biatorcr^
near, to L. phceops, Nyl., a plant of Ben Lawers and Cader Idris.
4. L. sarcogy)iiza, Nyl. ; thallus obscurely greyish -green, or sub-
olivaceous, opaque, thin, indeterminate ; apothecia black, plane, mar-
ginal, the margin usually flexuose, obscure within ; spores 8 in thecse,
colourless, oblong, 0-007-0-Ull mm. long, about O'OOS mm. thick ;
thalamium colourless, paraphyses of medium thickness, club-shaped,
and blackish at apex ; hypothecium under the hymenium distinctly
brown ;
perithecium blackish or black.
On quartzose stones of wall by railway, a little beyond the Bay of
Nigg in Kincardineshire. August, 1868. Apparently very rare, but
may be found elsewhere in that district, as it is very apt to be over-
looked as a mere state of L. Uthophila. The plant follows the de-
pressions and chinks in the stones.
5. L. commaculans, Nyl. ; thallus brownish-black or black, thin,
subarcolate, depressed, \usually scattered, indeterminate ; apothecia
black, small, convex, scarcely margined, concolorous within ; spores 8
in thecsc, colourless, oblong, 0-008-0-011 mm. long, 0-003-4 mm.
broad ; paraphyses not discrete, epithecium blackish, hypothecium
thickish, reddish-brown ;
hymeneal gelatine blue with iodine.
On "hard fclspathic boulders of Morrone, in Braemar. August,
1868. Apparently rare towards the north-west brow of the mountain,
amongst heaps of broken rocks, and, from the nature of the stone.