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SCLEROPHYTON Eschw. Only the single species, S. inscriptum (Nyl.) Müll. Arg., is in Florida. Egea & Torrente (Bryologist 98: 207-217. 1995) have revised Sclerophyton s. lat. for North America. They provide excellent illustrations. In 1990 I suggested that Sclerophyton should be restricted to the hyaline spored species with dendroid, immersed ascomata and I am still of this opinion. Egea and Torrente retained the old, broad definition, recognizing that there are two distinct groups in the genus so constituted, but provided no reasons as to why they should be joined in a single genus. Superficially S. inscriptum (North America) and S. elegans Eschw. (Brazil) are identical and both contain psoromic acid. My first thought was to synonymize them. Egea and Torrente suggested that they are conspecific but did not formally make the synonymy. However, examination of an isotype of S. elegans (H-Nyl 4583) revealed that the ascospores are slightly smaller (13-14.5 × 4-5 µm) than in S. inscriptum, (15-20 × 5 µm). Pending study of more material, I agree the two should be kept separate. GRAPHIDALES GRAPHIDACEAE Dumortier I had hoped to completely revise this family. However, I have had to be content with a few minor additions and corrections. I now have collections of at least a dozen species not treated in 1990 and expect that more will turn up, making this one of the most speciose families among the lichen-forming fungi in Florida. KEY TO GENERA 1. Ascomata immersed to sessile, mostly elongated with a narrow, often slit-like disk; not aggregated in a pseudostroma ......................................................................................................................................................... 2 2. Spores colorless................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 3. Spores transversely septate...................................................................................................................................................Graphis 3. Spores submuriform to densely muriform........................................................................................................................... Graphina 2. Spores brown ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 4. Spores transversely septate....................................................................................................................................... Phaeographis 4. Spores submuriform to densely muriform................................................................................................................ Phaeographina 1. Ascomata with brown disk, cup-like or aggregated in a pseudostroma................................................................................................. 6 5. Ascomata cuplike with a thick raised margin; disk brown; hymenium not inspersed; ascospores colorless to weakly tinted, muriform with 9-11 longitudinal cells, 33-48 × 13-16 µm; no substances; throughout Florida......................................................Gyrostomum scyphuliferum (Ach.) Nyl. 5. Ascomata aggregated in a pseudostroma.......................................................................................................................................... 6 6. Spores muriform, colorless becoming brownish in age, 35-50 × 8-9 µm; pseudostroma well developed, usually gray pruinose; hymenium not inspersed; no substances; throughout Florida......................................................................................................... Glyphis cicatricosa Ach. 6. Spores transversely 4-6-celled, brown; pseudostroma poorly developed, usually whitish............................................................................................................................................................. Sarcographa GLYPHIS Ach. Only a single species in North America. Redinger (1934) in his treatment for Brazil synonymized the names which also appear in the North American list, choosing Glyphis cicatricosa Ach. from among the competing synonyms. See generic key for diagnosis. GRAPHINA Müll. Arg. 1. Lirellae not carbonized ............................................................................................................................................................................ 2 8
2. Ascospores 1(-2)/ascus....................................................................................................................................................................... 3 3. Norstictic acid present; ascospores 80-115 × 24-38 µm; Alachua, Duval, Levy and Putnam counties ........................................................................................................Graphina n. sp. 3. No lichen substances detected;thallus rough, with a lumpy, scurfy look; lirellae crowded, short and irregular; disk often exposed; ascospores 85-105 × 20-28 µm; south to Marion County ................................................................................................ G. cypressi Müll. Arg. 2. Ascospores 2-8/ascus.......................................................................................................................................................................... 4 4. Thallus UV-........................................................................................................................................................................................ 5 5. Ascospores longer than 40 µm and/or wider than 20 µm............................................................................................................. 6 6. Lichen substances present (usually PD+) ................................................................................................................................. 7 7. Protocetraric acid; thallus pale gray; lirellae white, emergent; ascospores 2-4/ascus, 110-140 × 15-17 µm; south to Lake County.......................................................G. abaphoides (Nyl.) Müll. Arg. 7. Norstictic acid or stictic acid satellites; ascospores at least initially 8/ascus ....................................................................... 8 8. Stictic acid satellites; lirellae paler than thallus ................................................................................................................. 9 9. Hypostictic and hyposalazinic acids; thallus dull, pale green gray; lirellae white, immersed, elongate and branched; ascospores 40-70 × 13-17 µm; north to Lake Okeechobee........................................................................................... G. virginea (Eschw.) Müll. Arg. 9. Constictic acid; lirellae "mealy" due to multiple crumbling layers of exciple; ascospores 35-78 × 18-36 µm [2-4/ascus according to Wirth & Hale but U.S. material initially 8/ascus]; Seminole County ....................................................... G. peplophora Wirth & Hale 8. Norstictic acid; lirellae concolorous with thallus, crowded, irregular; ascospores 60-85 × 13-17 µm; Duval and Levy counties.........................................G. subvirginalis (Nyl.) Müll. Arg. 6. Lichen substances absent; lirellae crowded, irregular with white crumbling exciple; ascospores IKI-, 35-78 × 18-36 µm; Seminole County............................................................... G. leuconephela auct. Amer. 5. Ascospores shorter than 40 µm and/or narrower than 20 µm.................................................................................................... 10 10. Ascospores 1-2 × 4(-6)-celled, 15-20 × 7-9 µm .................................................................................................................... 11 11. Lirellae fissurine; disk not exposed; no substances; peninsular Florida..............................................................................................................G. incrustans (Fée) Müll. Arg. 11. Lirellae long, regularly branched; disk exposed, reddish; norstictic acid; Collier County ................................................................................................................ G. floridana (Tuck.) R. C. Harris 10. Ascospores more than 1-2 × 4-celled, over 20 µm long....................................................................................................... 12 12. Thallus PD- (no subsances)............................................................................................................................................ 13 13. Exciple well developed, yellow to orange, darker in KOH; lirellae raised, elongate, flexuose; ascospores 2-3 × 6-8-celled, 22-32 × 10-11 µm; Duval County ........................................................................................ G. scolecitis (Tuck.) Fink 13. Exciple not evident; lirellae short,crowded; disk becoming exposed, white pruinose; ascospores 2-4 × 6-8-celled, 22-24 × 7-9 µm; Marion County....................................Graphina sp. 23599 12. Thallus and lirellae PD+ yellow (psoromic acid); ascospores elliptical, IKI+ dark violet, 20-30(-40) × 13-19 µm; often sterile but combination of fissurine lirellae and psoromic acid is diagnostic; south to Lake County.......................................................................................................................G. columbina (Tuck.) Wirth & Hale 4. Thallus UV+ yellow (lichexanthone); lirellae imnersed; disk pale red brown; margin white, patchily developed; ascospores 35-50 × 12-15 µm, found only in Liberty County specimen, sterile from Duval and Wakulla counties but could be Graphis "anguinoides"....................................................................................................................... G. anguina (Mont.) Müll. Arg. 1. Lirellae carbonized, at least patchily so or at apices of exciple............................................................................................................ 14 9
Page 1 and 2: PART 1 INTRODUCTION Sadly this intr
Page 3 and 4: ...................................
Page 5 and 6: 1. Ascomata immersed or emergent; n
Page 7: ascospores 18-24 × 3 µm; Louisian
Page 11 and 12: 3. Ascomata immersed or sessile, bl
Page 13 and 14: GYROSTOMUM Fr. Only the single spec
Page 15 and 16: Sarcographia labyrinthica (Ach.) M
Page 17 and 18: to expose black rim around pore; co
Page 19 and 20: 4. Ascospores light to dark brown..
Page 21 and 22: 2. Apothecia minute, ca. 0.2 mm tal
Page 23 and 24: three collections of C. stemonea te
Page 25 and 26: ...................................
Page 27 and 28: COLLEMA Wigg. [The non-lichenized l
Page 29 and 30: PILOCARPACEAE Zahlbr. There are mor
Page 31 and 32: doubt the occurrence of this specie
Page 33 and 34: 22. Podetia forming abruptly flared
Page 35 and 36: 11. Isidia cylindrical ............
Page 37 and 38: 12. Medulla yellow; thallus not sor
Page 39 and 40: 3. Soredia farinose, not derived fr
Page 41 and 42: Lake County U. baileyi (Stirton) Za
Page 43 and 44: 10. Ascospores 22-41 × 11-21 µm..
Page 45 and 46: 6. Underside white or purplish gray
Page 47 and 48: PD+ dirty orangish; ascospores 4-ce
Page 49 and 50: 9. Medulla PD+ orange .............
Page 51 and 52: hope, leads to more intensive study
Page 53 and 54: Chaetothyriales and a number of par
Page 55 and 56: 2. Ascomata scattered; clypeus larg
Page 57 and 58: Duval County.......................
Page 59 and 60:
Arthopyrenia atomarioides Müll. Ar
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ascomata, muriform ascospores) and
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1. Ascoma simple, with only a singl
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Mycoporum compositum (Massal.) R. C
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XANTHOPYRENIACEAE Zahlbr. It has be
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Pyrenocollema tichothecioides (Arn.
Page 71 and 72:
The family is defined here more nar
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a basal fringe; ascospores 20-30 ×
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above). The selection of piece B is
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Arthopyrenia exasperata R. C. Harri
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immersis clypeo lato et microconidi
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9. Ascospores small, 16-22 × 8-9
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?Polyblastiopsis alboatra Zahlbr. i
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Additional specimens. FLORIDA. Coll
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5. Endospore absent or poorly devel
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1. Ascospores small, under 20 µm l
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Distopyrenis pachyospora Aptroot Ap
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Tomasellia nigrescens Müll. Arg.,
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illustration and distribution, P. c
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12. Ascospores 30-42(-53) × 11-15
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33. Ascospores 44-50(-56) × 17-24
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47. Endospore very reduced; ascospo
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celled, becoming filled with reddis
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5.VIII.1990, Kalb 23189, not seen,
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Aptroot, for which I have seen the
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The type collection has some ascosp
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Pseudopyrenula endochrysea Vainio,
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TRYPETHELIUM Sprengel 1. Thallus or
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2). Trypethelium variolosum Ach., A
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1. Ascomata present; pycnidia prese
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14 above...........................
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This species was treated in 1990 as
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subclavate, 180-220 × 45-55 µm, w
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Monoblastia borinquensis R. C. Harr
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9. Ascospores biseriate or irregula
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conidia in a single row; macroconid
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33. Ascospores broadly elliptical,
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50. Medulla UV-; cortex UV+ yellow;
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69. Growing in aquatic or semiaquat
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Anisomeridium angulosum (Müll. Arg
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Arthopyrenia glaucescens Müll. Arg
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16.5-23 µm. As I have unpacked onl
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Species distincta macropycnidiis ro
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the species or strain of the photob
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univ. 1: 188. 1921. Phyllobathelium
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and S. tagananae are transferred fr
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1.0 mm diam.; wall black, thinner b
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this to mean Massalongo intended (i
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5. Ascospores basically 4/ascus, 11
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Thelenella humilis R. C. Harris, sp
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Afro-montagnard Centre-oriental: en
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multiseptate in Trichothelium. Asco
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Pyrenula mastoidea Ach., Ges. Natur
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junk heap. These variants (sp. 6, s
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Hedwigia 67: 274. 1927. Type not se
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dark green-blue in section; on bamb
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Trichothelium isidiatum could be re
Page 173 and 174:
Arthopyrenia planiuscula...........
Page 175 and 176:
Distopyrenis pachyospora ..........
Page 177 and 178:
Mycocalicium subtile...............
Page 179 and 180:
Polyblastiopsis sphaerica..........
Page 181 and 182:
Thelenella humilis.................
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