PART 1

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16. Thallus coarse, generally somewhat upright to sprawling ; tips abruptly narrowed, generally not curved downward; usnic acid only in Florida material .................................................................C. caroliniana Schweinitz ex Tuck. 16. Thallus thin; tips gradually narrowing and downward pointing; usnic acid only in Florida material .................................................................................. C. dimorphoclada Robbins 15. Podetia gray-white, ecorticate; podetial wall very thick, with scattered cartilaginous strands; south to Broward County ........................................................................ C. pachycladodes Vainio 14. Cortex well developed............................................................................................................................................................ 17 17. Podetia coarse, erect, hollow, perforate; PD-, squamatic acid; Highlands and Okaloosa counties ........................................................................................................ C. perforata Evans 17. Podetia delicate, in lax, tangled, recumbent colonies; PD+ yellow (baeomycesic and squamatic acids); north to Polk County......................................... C. subsetacea Robbins ex Evans 13. Podetia simple or sparingly branched........................................................................................................................................ 18 18. Thallus PD-............................................................................................................................................................................ 19 19. Podetia not forming cups ................................................................................................................................................ 20 20. Squamules coarse, maculate; podetia proliferating, perforate, broadly expanded above; numerous apothecia on ultimate proliferations; squamatic acid; on Taxodium; Franklin and Liberty counties........................................................................................................................... C. buckii R. C. Harris 20. Squamules thinner, emaculate; podetia mostly simple, mostly decorticate, narrower than the apothecia; barbatic acid; Duval and Seminole counties................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... C. botryocarpa Merr. ex Sandst. 19. Podetia forming broad cups, coarsely sorediate/areolate; grayanic acid; northern Florida .........................................................................................................................C. grayi Merr. ex Sandst. 18. Thallus PD+ yellow, orange or orange-red ........................................................................................................................... 21 21. Thallus PD+ yellow or orange .......................................................................................................................................... 22 22. Podetia not forming cups ........................................................................................................................................... 23 23. Squamules linear, large; podetia rarely squamulose, broader at top; norstictic acid or norstictic and stictic acids ......................................................................................................... 24 24. Norstictic and stictic acids; south to Polk County ..............................................................C. polycarpia Merr. 24. Norstictic acid ± atranorin; northern Florida.................................................................. C. polycarpoides Nyl. 23. Squamules irregular, small; podetia often squamulose; thamnolic or baeomycesic acid ................................................................................................................................................. 25 25. Thallus KOH+ deep yellow (thamnolic and barbatic acids)........................................................................... 26 26. Cortex dispersed, coarsely areolate/squamulose; podetia short, rarely branched; central Florida ......................................................................... C. santensis Tuck. 26. Cortex continuous; podetia taller, with few squamules, commonly branched, especially above; south to Polk County .................................... C. floridana Vainio 25. Thallus KOH- ................................................................................................................................................. 27 27. Squamules and podetia C-, KC-(baeomycesic and squamatic acids); podetia densely squamulose; south to Charlotte County..................................................................... C. beaumontii (Tuck.) Vainio 27. Squamules and podetia C+, KC+ blue-green (strepsilin, baeomycesic and squamatic acids); podetia usually not densely squamulose, often lacking; rare, Holmes and Washington counties ........................................................................... C. strepsilis (Ach.) Grognot 32
22. Podetia forming abruptly flared, centrally proliferating cups; psoromic acid; north to Seminole County..........................................................................C. rappii Evans var. rappii 21. Thallus PD+ orange-red (fumarprotocetraric acid).......................................................................................................... 28 28. Podetia forming broad cups ....................................................................................................................................... 29 29. Cups not centrally proliferating, sorediate/areolate.............................................................................................. 30 30. Fumarprotocetraric and either grayanic or cryptochlorophaeic acids ............................................................ 31 31. Grayanic acid (this strain may not be in Florida) .................................................C. grayi Merr. ex Sandst. 31. Cryptochlorophaeic acid; rare, Franklin County ..................................C. cryptochlorophaea Asahina 30. Fumarprotocetraric acid only; reported from peninsular Florida by Moore, NY holds a couple of dubious records................................. C. chlorophaea (Sommerf.) Sprengel 29. Cups centrally proliferating, abruptly flared; smoothly corticate; south to Polk County..........................................................C. rappii Evans var. exilior (Abbayes) Ahti 28. Podetia not forming cups or forming very narrow, irregular cups ............................................................................ 32 32. Podetia not sorediate ........................................................................................................................................... 33 33. Podetia simple, short; apothecia much exceeding stalk or podetia gradually swelling to the apothecia.................................................................................................... 34 34. Squamules small, unlobed, appressed, imbricate; apothecia exceeding stalk; south to Polk County................................... C. peziziformis (With.) Laundon 34. Squamules larger, somewhat lobed, usually recurved; apothecia ± equal to stalk; Duval County, a somewhat dubious Calkins collection....................................................................................... C. sobolescens Nyl. 33. Podetia taller, branched, often with poorly developed cups; squamules lobed, erect to recurved; south to Polk County............................................... C. simulata Robbins 31. Podetia sorediate ................................................................................................................................................. 35 35. Primary squamules at most marginally sorediate........................................................................................... 36 36. Podetia awl-shaped or irregular; soredia farinose or granular; grayanic acid lacking [C. ochrochlora Flörke will key here. There is no trustworthy record for the state] .................................................................................................................................................... 37 37. Podetia with farinose to granular soredia above, granular soredia mixed with isidioid squamules below; cortex dissolved except for basal collar; throughout Florida....................................................................................................C. subradiata (Vainio) Sandst. 37. Podetia often mostly or partly corticate with patches of coarse soredia; exposed stereome translucent; throughout Florida ..........................................................................C. ramulosa (With.) Laundon s.lat. 36. Podetia short, stubby with coarse granular soredia; containing grayanic acid; rare, Union County...........................................C. cylindrica (Evans) Evans 35. Primary squamules dissolving into a sorediate crust; podetia tiny, pointed; Franklin County.......................................................................................... C. nana Vainio 12. Squamules very large, curled into balls when dry; usually without podetia; on sand; south to Polk County ............................................................................................................................ C. prostrata Evans BIATORACEAE Stizenb. 33
Page 1 and 2: PART 1 INTRODUCTION Sadly this intr
Page 3 and 4: ...................................
Page 5 and 6: 1. Ascomata immersed or emergent; n
Page 7 and 8: ascospores 18-24 × 3 µm; Louisian
Page 9 and 10: 2. Ascospores 1(-2)/ascus..........
Page 11 and 12: 3. Ascomata immersed or sessile, bl
Page 13 and 14: GYROSTOMUM Fr. Only the single spec
Page 15 and 16: Sarcographia labyrinthica (Ach.) M
Page 17 and 18: to expose black rim around pore; co
Page 19 and 20: 4. Ascospores light to dark brown..
Page 21 and 22: 2. Apothecia minute, ca. 0.2 mm tal
Page 23 and 24: three collections of C. stemonea te
Page 25 and 26: ...................................
Page 27 and 28: COLLEMA Wigg. [The non-lichenized l
Page 29 and 30: PILOCARPACEAE Zahlbr. There are mor
Page 31: doubt the occurrence of this specie
Page 35 and 36: 11. Isidia cylindrical ............
Page 37 and 38: 12. Medulla yellow; thallus not sor
Page 39 and 40: 3. Soredia farinose, not derived fr
Page 41 and 42: Lake County U. baileyi (Stirton) Za
Page 43 and 44: 10. Ascospores 22-41 × 11-21 µm..
Page 45 and 46: 6. Underside white or purplish gray
Page 47 and 48: PD+ dirty orangish; ascospores 4-ce
Page 49 and 50: 9. Medulla PD+ orange .............
Page 51 and 52: hope, leads to more intensive study
Page 53 and 54: Chaetothyriales and a number of par
Page 55 and 56: 2. Ascomata scattered; clypeus larg
Page 57 and 58: Duval County.......................
Page 59 and 60: Arthopyrenia atomarioides Müll. Ar
Page 61 and 62: ascomata, muriform ascospores) and
Page 63 and 64: 1. Ascoma simple, with only a singl
Page 65 and 66: Mycoporum compositum (Massal.) R. C
Page 67 and 68: XANTHOPYRENIACEAE Zahlbr. It has be
Page 69 and 70: Pyrenocollema tichothecioides (Arn.
Page 71 and 72: The family is defined here more nar
Page 73 and 74: a basal fringe; ascospores 20-30 ×
Page 75 and 76: above). The selection of piece B is
Page 77 and 78: Arthopyrenia exasperata R. C. Harri
Page 79 and 80: immersis clypeo lato et microconidi
Page 81 and 82: 9. Ascospores small, 16-22 × 8-9
Page 83 and 84:
?Polyblastiopsis alboatra Zahlbr. i
Page 85 and 86:
Additional specimens. FLORIDA. Coll
Page 87 and 88:
5. Endospore absent or poorly devel
Page 89 and 90:
1. Ascospores small, under 20 µm l
Page 91 and 92:
Distopyrenis pachyospora Aptroot Ap
Page 93 and 94:
Tomasellia nigrescens Müll. Arg.,
Page 95 and 96:
illustration and distribution, P. c
Page 97 and 98:
12. Ascospores 30-42(-53) × 11-15
Page 99 and 100:
33. Ascospores 44-50(-56) × 17-24
Page 101 and 102:
47. Endospore very reduced; ascospo
Page 103 and 104:
celled, becoming filled with reddis
Page 105 and 106:
5.VIII.1990, Kalb 23189, not seen,
Page 107 and 108:
Aptroot, for which I have seen the
Page 109 and 110:
The type collection has some ascosp
Page 111 and 112:
Pseudopyrenula endochrysea Vainio,
Page 113 and 114:
TRYPETHELIUM Sprengel 1. Thallus or
Page 115 and 116:
2). Trypethelium variolosum Ach., A
Page 117 and 118:
1. Ascomata present; pycnidia prese
Page 119 and 120:
14 above...........................
Page 121 and 122:
This species was treated in 1990 as
Page 123 and 124:
subclavate, 180-220 × 45-55 µm, w
Page 125 and 126:
Monoblastia borinquensis R. C. Harr
Page 127 and 128:
9. Ascospores biseriate or irregula
Page 129 and 130:
conidia in a single row; macroconid
Page 131 and 132:
33. Ascospores broadly elliptical,
Page 133 and 134:
50. Medulla UV-; cortex UV+ yellow;
Page 135 and 136:
69. Growing in aquatic or semiaquat
Page 137 and 138:
Anisomeridium angulosum (Müll. Arg
Page 139 and 140:
Arthopyrenia glaucescens Müll. Arg
Page 141 and 142:
16.5-23 µm. As I have unpacked onl
Page 143 and 144:
Species distincta macropycnidiis ro
Page 145 and 146:
the species or strain of the photob
Page 147 and 148:
univ. 1: 188. 1921. Phyllobathelium
Page 149 and 150:
and S. tagananae are transferred fr
Page 151 and 152:
1.0 mm diam.; wall black, thinner b
Page 153 and 154:
this to mean Massalongo intended (i
Page 155 and 156:
5. Ascospores basically 4/ascus, 11
Page 157 and 158:
Thelenella humilis R. C. Harris, sp
Page 159 and 160:
Afro-montagnard Centre-oriental: en
Page 161 and 162:
multiseptate in Trichothelium. Asco
Page 163 and 164:
Pyrenula mastoidea Ach., Ges. Natur
Page 165 and 166:
junk heap. These variants (sp. 6, s
Page 167 and 168:
Hedwigia 67: 274. 1927. Type not se
Page 169 and 170:
dark green-blue in section; on bamb
Page 171 and 172:
Trichothelium isidiatum could be re
Page 173 and 174:
Arthopyrenia planiuscula...........
Page 175 and 176:
Distopyrenis pachyospora ..........
Page 177 and 178:
Mycocalicium subtile...............
Page 179 and 180:
Polyblastiopsis sphaerica..........
Page 181 and 182:
Thelenella humilis.................
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PART 1

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