1 Earliest Rome

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Bibliography Williamson, R. (1989) Jews in the Hellenistic World: Philo (Cambridge Commentaries on Writings of the Jewish and Christian World 200 B.C.-A.D. 200 1.2). Cambridge. Winkler, J. J. (1985) Auctor & Actor. A Narrato logical Reading ofApuleius' Golden Ass. Berkeley. (1990) The Constraints ofDesire: The Anthropology of Sex and Gender in Ancient Greece. New York and London. Wischmeyer, W. (1980) 'Die Aberkiosinschrift als Grabepigramm', Jahrb. Ant. Christ. 23: 22-47. Wiseman, T. P. (1974) Cinna the Poet and Other Roman Essays. Leicester. (1979) Clio's Cosmetics: Three Studies in Greco-Roman Literature. Leicester. (1984) 'Cybele, Virgil and Augustus', in Poetry and Politics in the Age of Augustus, edd. T. Woodman and D. West, 117-28. Cambridge. (1985) Catullus and his World: a Reappraisal Cambridge. Wissowa, G. (1912) Religion und Kultus der Römer, 2nd edn. Munich, (repr. 1971). Witt, R. E. (1971) Isis in the Graeco-Roman World. London. Woodman, A. J. (1977) Velleius Paterculus: the Tiberian Narrative (2.94-131). Cambridge. Wormell, D. E. W. (1965) 'The personal world of Lucretius', in Lucretius, ed. D. R. Dudley, 35-67. London. Wünsch, R. (1905) Antikes Zaubergerat aus Pergamon (Jahrb. kaiserlich deut. arch. Inst., Supp. 6). Berlin. Yerkes, R. K. (1953) Sacrifice in Greek and Roman Religions and Early Judaism. London. Young, F. M. (1979) The Use of Sacrificial Ideas in Greek Christiati Writers from the New Testament to John Chiysostom (Patristic Mono. Ser. 5). Cambridge, MA. Zanker, P. (n.d.) (r.1968). Fomm Augustum. Das Bildprogramm. Tübingen. (1987) Pompeji: Stadtbilder ah Spiegel von Geselhchaft und Herrschafrsform (Trierer Winckelmannsprogramm 9). Mainz am Rhein. (1988) The Power ofImages in the Age of Augustus. Ann Arbor. Ziolkowski, A. (1992) The Temples of Mid-Republican Rome and their Historical and Topographical Context. Rome. 401
Details of illustrations 1.5b(ii) Lavinium altars. F. Castagnoli et aL (edd.), Lavinium (Rome, 1981) II. 91, fig. 89. 1.5b(iii) Drawing of Athena statue. Castagnoli (1979) pi. 4. 1.5c(ii) Coin of cult statue of Diana. Crawford (1974) 486, 1 (pl. LVIII). Photo courtesy of the Trustees of the British Museum. 1.7a(ii) Statue group of Hercules and Minerva. Rome, Antiquarium comunale inv. no. 14.914. Photo: Enea nel Lazio, 121. 1.7c(i) Reconstruction of Volcanal. Coarelli. (1983-5) I. 175, fig. 47. 1.7c(ii) Fragment of vase showing Hephaestus. CAH, 2nd edn VII. 2, 580 fig. 64. 2.1a Painting of Venus from House of Marine Venus, Pompeii. Photo: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Rome; Inst. Neg. 57.877. 2.1b Relief from Beneventum arch, from cast in Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen. Photo: Simon Lautrop. 2.2a Lares statuettes. Paris, Musée du Louvre Br. 686 and 687. Photo: Giraudon. 2.3b Coin showing Honos and Virtus. Crawford (1974) 403, 1 (pl. L). Photo courtesy of the Visitors of the Ashmolean Museum. 2.7b Altar showing Claudia Quinta. Rome, Musei Capitolini, inv. no. 321. Photo: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Rome; Inst. Neg. 1938. 1602. 2.7c Bronze group of Magna Mater and lions. New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 97.22.24, Gift of Henry G. Marquand, 1897. Photo: Metropolitan Museum, 184012. 2.7d Attis figurines. Vermaseren, (1977b): (a) pl. LXXXIII no. 157; (b) pl. LXXV no. 140; (c)pl. XXXVII no. 37. 2.8b Antoninus Pius and Faustina relief. Rome, Musei Vaticani, inv. no. 5115. Photo: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Rome; Inst. Neg. 38.1463. 2.8c Bust of Commodus. Rome, Musei Capitolini (Palazzo dei Conservatori), inv. no. 1120. Photo: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Rome; Inst. Neg. 1938.1320. 2.9b(i) Dedication to Nudens Mars. RIB 307. 2.9b(ii) Dedication to Mars Alator. RIB 218. 2.10b Palatine graffito. Photo: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Rome; Inst. Neg. 59.376. 3.2 Drawing of Antium calendar. Scullard (1981) 49. 3.3d April from Calendar of 354. Vindobonensis MS 3416, fol. 5 V . Bild-Archiv der österreichischen Nationahbibliotek, Wien. Photo: Alpenland. 4.1a Temple of Portunus, Rome. Photo courtesy Dr J. R. Patterson. 4.1b Plan of temple of Portunus. Gros (1976) pl. 19. 4.2a Plan of Forum Augustum. Adapted from P. Zanker, Forum Augustum (Tübingen n.d.) plan at end. Courtesy Sue Bird. 4.2b Model of Forum Augustum. Photo: Fototeca Unione no. 101896FG.
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VOLUME 2 A Sourcebook M A R Y BEARD
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Acknowledgements We would like to e
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Judaism and Christianity) whose ori
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Preface xii the religion of early R
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Conventions and abbreviations XIV I
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I EARLIEST ROME 2 Scullard (1981) 1
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1 EARLIEST ROME Ovid, Fasti n.639-4
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I EARLIEST ROME would have been die
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T EARLIEST ROME words when he cross
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I EARLIEST ROME Miletina, to the th
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I EARLIEST ROME Pliny, Natural Hist
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I EARLIEST ROME 14 See further: Cas
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I EARLIEST ROME Livy History 1.45 1
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I EARLIEST ROME AE{1979) 136 The co
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I EARLIEST ROME buik himself, there
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I EARLIEST ROME 22 ] .7c(ii) Hephae
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I EARLIEST ROME literal truth of th
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2 The deities of Rome 26 Throughout
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28 THE DEITIES OF ROME 1. Trajan -
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME sometimes is
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME Ovid, Fasti
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME 2.3 The deif
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME 'schools' of
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME spear, shiel
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME no substance
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME 'Pythian Apo
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME statue, but
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME 46 1. A seac
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2. THE DEITIES OI' ROME 2.7e Magna
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME Livy, Histor
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1. THE DEITIES OF ROME 52 1. Antoni
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2. T H E D E I T I E S O E R O M E
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2. T H E DEITIES OF ROME Pectillus
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME V. Väänän
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3 The calendar 60 The official stat
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3 . T H E C A L E N D A R Deerassi
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R G VINAL.
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R prevent ru
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R Degrassi (
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R 3.4 A cale
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3. T H E C A L E N D A R ] privileg
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R and the a
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3. T H E C A L E N D A R Ides of A
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4 Religious places 78 This chapter
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4· R E L I G I O U S P L A C E S 8
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4· RELIGIOUS PLACES 4.2b Reconstru
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4- R E L I G I O U S P L A C E S 84
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4- R E L I G I O U S P L A C E S 4.
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4- R E L I G I O U S P L A C E S an
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4. R E L I G I O U S P L A G E S 3-
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4. R E L I G I O U S P L A G E S Si
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4- R E L I G I O U S P L A G E S 96
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4- R E L I G I O U S P L A C E S an
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RELIGIOUS FLAGES 4.13 The house-tom
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4· RELIGIOUS PLACES 106 1. Richly
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A C E S come to venerate the apostl
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5 Festivals and ceremonies 116 Ritu
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5- F E S T I V A L S A N D C E R E
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S- F E S T I V A L S A N D C E R E
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5- FESTIVALS AND CEREMONIES Livy, H
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5- FESTIVALS AND CEREMONIES Servius
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•). FESTIVALS AND CEREMONIES 136
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5. F E S T I V A L S A N D C E R E
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5. F E S T I V A L S A N D C E R E
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5- F E S T I V A L S A M D C E R E
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6 Sacrifices 148 Animal sacrifice,
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6. SACRIFICES 150 Frieze from the a
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6. . S A C R I F I C E S 8. Addenda
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6. S A C R I F I C E S 6.3c The exp
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6. S A C R I F I C E S not be vowed
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6. S A C R I F I C E S than human,
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6. S A C R I F I C E S Augustan His
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6. S A C R I F I C E S lap in perso
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6. S A C R I F I C E S same number
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7 Divination and diviners 166 This
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7- D I V I N A T I O N A N D D I V
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7 D I V I N A T I O N A N D D I V I
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J. D I V I N A T I O N A N D D I V
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J, D I V I N A T I O N A N D D I V
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D I V I N A T I O N A N D D I V I N
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8 Priests and priestesses 194 There
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8. P R I E S T S A N D P R I E S T
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S. P R I E S T S A N D P R I E S T
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9 Individuals and gods: life and de
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9- I N D I V I D U A L S A N D G O
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O.. I N D I V I D U A L S A N D G O
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I O . R O M E O U T S I D E R O M E
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IO. ROME OUTSIDE ROME 244 4. Milita
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1 0 . R O M E O U T S I D E R O M E
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10. R O M E O U T S I D E R O M E A
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1 0 . R O M E O U T S I D E R O M E
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11 Threats to the Roman order 260 R
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I I . T H R E A T S T O T H E R O M
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IT. T H R E A T S T O T H E R O M A
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12 Religious groups 288 As Roman re
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S A
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1 2 . R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S s
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12. RELIGIOUS GROUPS Patron Suaerri
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12. R E U G I O U S G R O U P S I a
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S a
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S I
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S t
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S a
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S G
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S L
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O L I P S
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S (
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S T
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S S
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S G
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S I
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S T
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348 Paul and Peter pray for Victor.
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Page 393 and 394: Bibliography 382 de See. Croix, G.
Page 395 and 396: Frickel, J. ( 1984) Hellenistische
Page 397 and 398: Gruen, E. S. (1990) Studies in Gree
Page 399 and 400: Kirsch, J. P. (1924) Der stadtrömi
Page 401 and 402: Bibliography 390 Long, A. A. (1974)
Page 403 and 404: Bibliography 392 Nock, A. D. (1925)
Page 405 and 406: Potter, D. (1991) Prophecy and Hist
Page 407 and 408: (1992) 'The religious roles of Roma
Page 409 and 410: Syme, R. (1978) 'Thepomerium'm the
Page 411: Walker, S. and Burnett, A. (1981) T
Page 415 and 416: Detaih ofillustrations 404 6. If Re
Page 417 and 418: Gaius, Institutes ll. 1—11: 10.4c
Page 419 and 420: CI/72, 476, 523: 12.6d CILl 2 . 101
Page 421 and 422: General index References are to tex
Page 423 and 424: General index Dioscuri, see Castor
Page 425 and 426: General index festivals, sacrifices
Page 427: General index Tarquin the Elder (ki
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