1 Earliest Rome

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Bibliography Farquharson, A. S. L. (1944) The Meditations of the Emperor Marcus Antoninus. Oxford. Fasolo, F. and Gullini, G. (1953) Ilsantuario della Fortuna Primigenia a Palestrina. Rome. Fayer, C. (1976) II culto delU dea Roma (Coll. di Saggi e Ricerche 9). Pescara. Fears, J. R. (1981) 'The cult of virtues and Roman imperial ideology', ANRWll. 17.2: 827-948. Ferguson, E. (1980) 'Spiritual sacrifice in early Christianity and its environment', ANRWll. 23.2: 1151-89. Festugière, A.-J- (1940) 'La doctrine des "viri novi" sur l'origine et le sort des âmes', Mémorial Lagrange, 97-132. Paris. Repr. in his Hermétisme et mystique païenne, 261-312. Paris 1967. (1954) Personal Religion among the Greeks. Berkeley and Los Angeles. Février, P. A. (1976) 'Religion et domination dans l'Afrique romaine', Dial. d'Hist. Ane. 2: 305-36. Fiechter, E. R. (1906) 'Der ionische Tempel am Ponte Rotte in Rom', Rom. Mitt. 21: 220-79. Filoramo, G. (1990) A History of Gnosticism. Oxford. Fink, R. O., Hoey, A. S. and Snyder, W. F. (1940) 'The Feriale Duranum', Yale Class. Stud. 7: 1-222. Fishwick, D. (1969) 'Geniusand Numen, Haw. Theol. Rev. 62: 356-67, revised in Fishwick (1987- ), IL 1: 375-87. (1978) 'The development of provincial ruler worship in the western Roman empire, ANRWll. 16.2:1201-53. (1987-) The Imperial Cult in the Latin West (E?RO 108). Leiden. Fittschen, K. and Zanker, P. (1985) Katalog der römischen Porträts in den Capitolinischen Museen und den anderen kommunalen Sammlungen der Stadt Rom. 1 Text. Mainz. Fleischer, R. (1973) Artemis von Ephesos und verwandte Kultstatuen aus Anatolien und Syrien (EPRO 35). Leiden. Fontenrose, J. (1988) Didyma: Apollos Oracle, Cult and Companions. Berkeley. Foucault, M. (1988) The Care of the Self: the History of Sexuality III. London. Fowden, G. (1986) The Egyptian Hermes. Cambridge. Fraschetti, A. (1981) 'Le sepolture rituali del Foro Boario', in Le délit religieux dans la cité antique (Coll. Ecole franc, de Rome 48) 51-115. Rome. (1984) 'La sepoltura délie Vestali e la città', in Du châtiment dans la cité; supplices corporels et peine de mort dans le monde antique (Coll. Ecole franc. de Rome 79) 97-129. Rome. ( 1990) Roma e il principe. Rome and Bari. Frend, W. H. C. (1952) TheDonatist Church. Oxford. (1965) Martyrdom and Persecution in the Early Church: A Study of Conflict from the Maccabees to Donatus. Oxford. (1984) The Rise of Christianity. London. (1987) 'Prelude to the Great Persecution: the propaganda war', / Eccles. Hist. 38: 1—18, repr. in his Archaeology and History in the Study of Early Christianity. London, 1988. Frey, M. (1989) Untersuchungen zur Religion und zur Religionspolitik des Kaisers Elagabal (HistoriaSupp. 62). Stuttgart. 383
Frickel, J. ( 1984) Hellenistische Erlösung in christlicher Deutung: diegnostische Naasenerschrift. Leiden. Fröhlich, T. (1991) Lararien-undFassadenbilder in der Vesuvstädten: Untersuchungen zur 'volkstümlichen'Pompejanischen Malerei (Rom. Mitt. Supp. 31). Mainz. Fugier, H. (1963) Recherches sur l'expression du sacré dans la langue latine (Puhl. de la Fac. des lettres de l'Univ. de Strasbourg 146). Paris. Gabba, E. (1991) Dionysius and the History of Archaic Rome. Berkeley. Gagé, J. (1955) Apollon romain. Essai sur le culte d'Apollon et le développement du 'ritus graecusà Rome des origines à Auguste (Bibl. Ecoles franc. d'Athènes et de Rome 182). Paris. Gager, J. G. (1985) The Origins of Anti-Semitism. New York and Oxford. ed. (1992) Curse Tablas and Binding Spelh from the Ancient World. New York and Oxford. Gale, M. R. (1994) Myth and Poetry in Lucretius. Cambridge. Galinsky, G. K. (1969) Aeneas, Sicily and Rome. Princeton. Gallini, C. (1970) Protesta e integrazione nella Roma antica. Bari. Gallo, D. (1979) 'Il mitreo di San Silvestro in Capite', in Bianchi (1979) 231^7. Garosi, R. (1976) Magia: studi di storia délie religione in memoria di Raffaela Garosi, ed. R. Xella. Rome. Gatti, G. (1906) 'Ara marmorea del "vicus Statae Matris'", Bull. Comm. Arch. Roma 34: 186-97. Gaudemet, J. (1947) 'La législation religieuse de Constantin', Revue d'histoire de l'Église de France'33: 25-61, repr. in his Église et société en Occident au Moyen Age. London, 1984. Gayraud, M. (1981) Narbonne antique des origines à la fin du lue siècle {Rev. arch. Narb. Supp. 8). Paris. Geffcken, J. (1978) The Last Days of Greco-Roman Paganism. Amsterdam. Geizer, M. (1968) Caesar, Politician and Statesman. Oxford. Gérard, J. (1980) 'Légende et politique autour de la mère des dieux', Rev. Et. Lat. 58: 153-75. Gerson, L. P. (1990) God and Greek Philosophy: Studies in the Early Histoty of Natural Philosophy. London and New York. Ghellinck, J. de (1948) Patristique et moyen age, 3 vols. Brussels and Paris. Giardina, A. ed. (1986) Societa romana e impero tardoantico II. Rome. Gjerstad, E. (1960) Early Rome Hl (Skrifter utg. av. Svenska Inst, i Rom 17.3). Lund. (1967) 'The origins of the Roman republic', in Ds origines de la République romaine (Fondation Hardt, Entretiens 13), 3-43. Geneva. Goar, R.J. (1972) Cicero and the State Religion. Amsterdam. Goodenough, E. R. (1953-68) Jewish Symbols in the Graeco-Roman Period 13 vols. New York. Gordon, A. E. (1934) The Cults ofAricia (Univ. Calif. Publ. in Class. Arch. 2), 1-20. Berkeley. (1958-65) Album of Dated Latin Inscriptions, 3 vols. Berkeley. (1983) Illustrated hitroduction to Latin Epigraphy. Berkeley. Gordon, R. L. (1972) 'Mithraism and Roman society', Religion 2: 92-121, repr. in R. L. Gordon (1996).
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VOLUME 2 A Sourcebook M A R Y BEARD
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Acknowledgements We would like to e
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Judaism and Christianity) whose ori
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Preface xii the religion of early R
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Conventions and abbreviations XIV I
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I EARLIEST ROME 2 Scullard (1981) 1
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1 EARLIEST ROME Ovid, Fasti n.639-4
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I EARLIEST ROME would have been die
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T EARLIEST ROME words when he cross
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I EARLIEST ROME Miletina, to the th
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I EARLIEST ROME Pliny, Natural Hist
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I EARLIEST ROME 14 See further: Cas
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I EARLIEST ROME Livy History 1.45 1
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I EARLIEST ROME AE{1979) 136 The co
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I EARLIEST ROME buik himself, there
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I EARLIEST ROME 22 ] .7c(ii) Hephae
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I EARLIEST ROME literal truth of th
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2 The deities of Rome 26 Throughout
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28 THE DEITIES OF ROME 1. Trajan -
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME sometimes is
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME Ovid, Fasti
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME 2.3 The deif
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME 'schools' of
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME spear, shiel
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME no substance
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME 'Pythian Apo
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME statue, but
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME 46 1. A seac
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2. THE DEITIES OI' ROME 2.7e Magna
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME Livy, Histor
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1. THE DEITIES OF ROME 52 1. Antoni
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2. T H E D E I T I E S O E R O M E
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2. T H E DEITIES OF ROME Pectillus
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME V. Väänän
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3 The calendar 60 The official stat
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3 . T H E C A L E N D A R Deerassi
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R G VINAL.
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R prevent ru
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R Degrassi (
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R 3.4 A cale
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3. T H E C A L E N D A R ] privileg
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R and the a
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3. T H E C A L E N D A R Ides of A
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4 Religious places 78 This chapter
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4· R E L I G I O U S P L A C E S 8
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4· RELIGIOUS PLACES 4.2b Reconstru
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4- R E L I G I O U S P L A C E S 84
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4- R E L I G I O U S P L A C E S 4.
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4- R E L I G I O U S P L A C E S an
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4. R E L I G I O U S P L A G E S 3-
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4. R E L I G I O U S P L A G E S Si
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4- R E L I G I O U S P L A G E S 96
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4- R E L I G I O U S P L A C E S an
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RELIGIOUS FLAGES 4.13 The house-tom
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4· RELIGIOUS PLACES 106 1. Richly
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A C E S come to venerate the apostl
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5 Festivals and ceremonies 116 Ritu
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5- F E S T I V A L S A N D C E R E
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S- F E S T I V A L S A N D C E R E
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5- FESTIVALS AND CEREMONIES Livy, H
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5- FESTIVALS AND CEREMONIES Servius
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•). FESTIVALS AND CEREMONIES 136
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5. F E S T I V A L S A N D C E R E
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5. F E S T I V A L S A N D C E R E
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5- F E S T I V A L S A M D C E R E
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6 Sacrifices 148 Animal sacrifice,
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6. SACRIFICES 150 Frieze from the a
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6. . S A C R I F I C E S 8. Addenda
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6. S A C R I F I C E S 6.3c The exp
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6. S A C R I F I C E S not be vowed
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6. S A C R I F I C E S than human,
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6. S A C R I F I C E S Augustan His
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6. S A C R I F I C E S lap in perso
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6. S A C R I F I C E S same number
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7 Divination and diviners 166 This
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7- D I V I N A T I O N A N D D I V
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7 D I V I N A T I O N A N D D I V I
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J. D I V I N A T I O N A N D D I V
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J, D I V I N A T I O N A N D D I V
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D I V I N A T I O N A N D D I V I N
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8 Priests and priestesses 194 There
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8. P R I E S T S A N D P R I E S T
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S. P R I E S T S A N D P R I E S T
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9 Individuals and gods: life and de
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9- I N D I V I D U A L S A N D G O
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O.. I N D I V I D U A L S A N D G O
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I O . R O M E O U T S I D E R O M E
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IO. ROME OUTSIDE ROME 244 4. Milita
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1 0 . R O M E O U T S I D E R O M E
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10. R O M E O U T S I D E R O M E A
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1 0 . R O M E O U T S I D E R O M E
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11 Threats to the Roman order 260 R
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I I . T H R E A T S T O T H E R O M
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IT. T H R E A T S T O T H E R O M A
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12 Religious groups 288 As Roman re
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S A
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1 2 . R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S s
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12. RELIGIOUS GROUPS Patron Suaerri
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12. R E U G I O U S G R O U P S I a
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S a
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S I
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S t
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1 2 . R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S 5
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S a
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S G
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S L
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O L I P S
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12. R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S (
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Page 401 and 402: Bibliography 390 Long, A. A. (1974)
Page 403 and 404: Bibliography 392 Nock, A. D. (1925)
Page 405 and 406: Potter, D. (1991) Prophecy and Hist
Page 407 and 408: (1992) 'The religious roles of Roma
Page 409 and 410: Syme, R. (1978) 'Thepomerium'm the
Page 411 and 412: Walker, S. and Burnett, A. (1981) T
Page 413 and 414: Details of illustrations 1.5b(ii) L
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Page 419 and 420: CI/72, 476, 523: 12.6d CILl 2 . 101
Page 421 and 422: General index References are to tex
Page 423 and 424: General index Dioscuri, see Castor
Page 425 and 426: General index festivals, sacrifices
Page 427: General index Tarquin the Elder (ki
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