1 Earliest Rome

12.7 The Christians
out the trophies of the apostles. If you choose to go to the Vatican or on the road to
Ostia, you will find the trophies of those who founded this church.'
1. Zcphyrinos was bishop of Rome from A.D. 199-217.
2. Proclus, the leader of the Phrygian (i.e. Montanist) Christians at Rome had argued that
the graves of the apostle Philip and his charismatic daughters in Hieropolis in Phrygia
gave authority to Montanism (Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History ill.31.4; cf. 7.6b on
Montanism).
12.7f(iv) The Memorial of Peter and Paul
In addition to the simple, individual monuments of Peter and Paul recognized
in the second century (Vol. 1, 268-9), there was also a later memorial to them
jointly on the Appian Way south of Rome. The popular veneration of the martyrs
here probably began in A.D. 258 (cf. the calendar in 3.6), and lasted until
the early fourth century. Subsequently, the story developed that the martyrs
were originally buried at the Appian Way site and their relics later transferred to
the two separate sites. The Memorial here is, along with the church at Dura
Europus (4.15a), the only substantial extant Christian building of pre-Constantinian
date. It appears to have been an important focus of private devotion
— as shown by the numerous graffiti scratched on its walls. Length 12.5 m.,
width 6.5 m.
See further: Vol. 1, 376-7; Map 4 no.39; Chadwick (1957); Snyder (1985)
98-104,141-4*.
347