1 Earliest Rome

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5·/ The games Kalends of June , on the Capitoline, the emperor Caesar Augustus sacrificed a bull to Jupiter Optimus Maximus burnt whole for him, and in the same place Marcus Agrippa* sacrificed a second. They spoke a prayer, as follows: 'Jupiter Optimus Maximus. As it is prescribed for you in those books - and for this [reason] may every good fortune attend the Roman people, the Quirites-let sacrifice be made to you with this fine bull. I beg you and pray.' The rest as above. At the sacred vessel 9 were Caesar, Agrippa, Scaevola, Sentius, Lollius, Asmius Callus, Rebilus. 10 Then the Latin games n were celebrated in a wooden theatre which had been erected on the Campus Martius next to the Tiber. And in the same manner women who were mistresses of households held sellisternm, and the games which had begun to take place at night were not interrupted. And an edict was issued: 'The quindecimviri sacris faciundis decree: Since, insofar as it accords with proper custom, and in like manner has been observed in numerous precedents, whenever there has been a rightful cause for public celebration, it has been decided that the mourning of women should be suspended; and since It seems that it is appropriate both to the honour of the gods and to the remembrance of their worship that that should apply to the time of solemn rites and games and that it should be scrupulously observed - therefore we have decided that it is incumbent on us to issue to women a decree by edict, that they should suspend mourning.' Then by night, next to the Tiber, the emperor Caesar Augustus made sacrifice to the divine Ilythiae 12 prayer: with nine cakes, nine popana, nine phthoes; 1 '' he spoke the following 'Ilythia. As it is prescribed for you in those books - and for this reason [may every good fortune attend] the Roman people the Quirites-\zt sacrifice be made to you with nine popana, nine cakes, nine phthoes. I beg you and pray.' The rest as above. Four days before the Nones of June
5. F E S T I V A L S A N D C E R E M O N I E S Then [?Marcus Agrippa] dictated to the one hundred and ten married women, mistresses of households, who had been commanded [to assemble on the Capitoline,] the formula of prayer as follows: 'Juno Regina. If there is any better fortune [that may attend the Roman people, the Quirites, we one hundred and ten mistresses of households of the Roman people, the Quirites,] married women on bended knee, [pray] that you [bring it about, we beg and beseech that you increase the power] and majesty of the Roman people, the Quirites [in war and peace; and that the Latins may always be obedient; and that you may grant] eternal [safety], victory [and health to the Roman people, the Quirites; and that you may protect the Roman people, the Quirites, and the legions of the Roman people], the Quirites; and [that you may keep safe and make greater] the state [of the Roman people, the Quirites; and that you may be favourable and propitious to the Roman people], the Quirites, to the quindeeimviri sacris faciundis, to us, [to our houses, to our households. These are the things that we one hundred and ten mistresses of households of the Roman people, the Quirites], married women on bended knee, [pray, beg and beseech.]' At the sacred vessel were Marcus Agrippa [ . . . ] Games were held as on the previous day [ . . . ] Then by night, next to the Tiber, [the emperor] Caesar Augustus [sacrificed a pregnant sow, as a whole burnt offering, to Terra Mater, and spoke the following] prayer: 'Terra"Mater. As it is prescribed for you in those books - and for this reason may every good fortune attend the Roman people, the Quirites— let sacrifice be made] to you with a pregnant sow of your own, [as a whole burnt offering. I beg you and pray.'] The rest [as above.] The matrons held sellisternia on this [day in the same manner as on the previous day.] Three days before the Nones of June
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VOLUME 2 A Sourcebook M A R Y BEARD
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Acknowledgements We would like to e
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Judaism and Christianity) whose ori
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Preface xii the religion of early R
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Conventions and abbreviations XIV I
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I EARLIEST ROME 2 Scullard (1981) 1
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1 EARLIEST ROME Ovid, Fasti n.639-4
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I EARLIEST ROME would have been die
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T EARLIEST ROME words when he cross
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I EARLIEST ROME Miletina, to the th
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I EARLIEST ROME Pliny, Natural Hist
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I EARLIEST ROME 14 See further: Cas
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I EARLIEST ROME Livy History 1.45 1
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I EARLIEST ROME AE{1979) 136 The co
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I EARLIEST ROME buik himself, there
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I EARLIEST ROME 22 ] .7c(ii) Hephae
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I EARLIEST ROME literal truth of th
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2 The deities of Rome 26 Throughout
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28 THE DEITIES OF ROME 1. Trajan -
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME sometimes is
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME Ovid, Fasti
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME 2.3 The deif
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME 'schools' of
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME spear, shiel
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME no substance
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME 'Pythian Apo
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME statue, but
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME 46 1. A seac
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2. THE DEITIES OI' ROME 2.7e Magna
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME Livy, Histor
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1. THE DEITIES OF ROME 52 1. Antoni
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2. T H E D E I T I E S O E R O M E
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2. T H E DEITIES OF ROME Pectillus
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2. THE DEITIES OF ROME V. Väänän
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3 The calendar 60 The official stat
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3 . T H E C A L E N D A R Deerassi
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R G VINAL.
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R prevent ru
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R Degrassi (
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R 3.4 A cale
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3. T H E C A L E N D A R ] privileg
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3- T H E C A L E N D A R and the a
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3. T H E C A L E N D A R Ides of A
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4 Religious places 78 This chapter
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4· R E L I G I O U S P L A C E S 8
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4· RELIGIOUS PLACES 4.2b Reconstru
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4- R E L I G I O U S P L A C E S 84
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8 Priests and priestesses 194 There
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348 Paul and Peter pray for Victor.
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13- P E R S P E C T I V E S Let us
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decemviri (sacris faciundis) see qu
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eligio (proper religious observance
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Deities and their epithets 370 Fort
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Bibliography 372 Cassius Dio, Roman
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Paul, Opinions: this work, compiled
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Attridge, H. W. (1978) 'The philoso
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Bibliography 378 Politics in the He
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Cameron, Averil (1969) 'Perronius a
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Bibliography 382 de See. Croix, G.
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Frickel, J. ( 1984) Hellenistische
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Gruen, E. S. (1990) Studies in Gree
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Kirsch, J. P. (1924) Der stadtrömi
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Bibliography 390 Long, A. A. (1974)
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Bibliography 392 Nock, A. D. (1925)
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Potter, D. (1991) Prophecy and Hist
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(1992) 'The religious roles of Roma
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Syme, R. (1978) 'Thepomerium'm the
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Walker, S. and Burnett, A. (1981) T
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Details of illustrations 1.5b(ii) L
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Detaih ofillustrations 404 6. If Re
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Gaius, Institutes ll. 1—11: 10.4c
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CI/72, 476, 523: 12.6d CILl 2 . 101
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General index References are to tex
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General index Dioscuri, see Castor
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General index festivals, sacrifices
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General index Tarquin the Elder (ki
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1 Earliest Rome

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