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68 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. Flageolet—Flautina. Formerly Fistula Minima {q.v.). 2 ft. This stop, being quieter than the Fifteenth, is well adapted to the Choir organ. The tone is sprightly and slightly flutey, though not so full as that of the Piccolo (g.v.), with which, however, it is frequently confounded. Occasionally found on the Continent in 1 ft. pitch (see Campana). Flat T-wenty-first— (b 21st). Flat Seventh or Septime, sometimes less correctly name Sharp Twentieth. Manual, i-f ft.j pedal, 2f- ft.; 4! ft. A mutation stop sounding a minor seventh (tuned perfect) above the Fifteenth, though, of course, like other Mixture work subject to "breaks." The Flat Septime was introduced by Mr. Jackson, of Liverpool, by whose son it was fortuitously discovered one day in 1847, when tuning "close,"' at the voicing machine, the chord of C, E, G and minor 7th. He was surprised to hear, as soon as the last note became perfect, a deep note like that of a reed, an effect due, of course, to the production of a powerful resultant tone. In 1848, the Flat Septime was inserted at St. Mary, Bootle, near Liverpool, and at Whitworth Parish Church, and in 1849 on Dot:n manual and pedal at Liverpool College. This latter organ was opened by Henry Smart, who inserts a vague reference to the Flat Septime in his organ book. In the following year Dr. Hopkins gave a recital on the instrument. Dr. J. W. Hinton ("Organ Construction") attributes the probable invention of the Seventh as a Mixture rank to Dr. Gauntlett, who is reputed to have introduced it at St. Olave, Southwark; there is every reason, however, to believe that Dr. Gauntlett learnt of its use from either Dr. Hopkins or Mr. Smart. The Flat Septime has been used by Cavaille'- Coll (first time at Notre Dame, Paris, in 1868, manual, 2f ft. and i-f ft., pedal, 4y ft.; and subsequently at Blackburn Parish Church, etc.); Walcker ; Sauer, of Frankfurt-on-the-Oder ; Ladegast, of Weissenfels (St. Nicholas, Leipzig, 1862); Casson (London Organ School; Cathcart House, South Kensington) ; Harrison & Harrison (Whitehaven) ; Compton. The effect is well described by Dr. Hopkins as "brassy." The stop should therefore be neither full-toned nor powerful. It forms a valuable ingredient in the composition of Mixtures. FLAUT-A.-BECQ—Flute-a-bec. (Fr.) Bee = nose, beak. 8 ft.; 4 ft. A Flute named after the old Flaut-a-becq, blown, not transversely as the ordinary Flute, but like a Flageolet. The stop was of no particularly distinctive tone. The pipes were sometimes conical in shape, sometimes wholly or partially stopped. FLAUT ALLEMANDE—See Flauto Traverso.
DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 69 Flaut Hemiol—8 ft. A stop which, as the pitch rose, gradually varied its quality through Gamba, Salicet, Fugara and Flute. (See Hamel, Vol. Ill, p. 540. There was probably as much accident as design in this peculiarity. The difficult task in voicing modern keen Gamba's on a low wind pressure ' is to preserve the stringy quality, combined with proportionate power in the treble. Some of the late Mr. Thynne's Violes became quite flutey in the upper octaves. The orchestral French Horn presents a remarkable instance of this transition of quality. Whereas at one time it was considered the standard of excellency to endeavour—often with the final result of ruining the stop— to preserve one quality of tone throughout the compass, now of late years a wonderful field has been opened in the skilful merging of one quality into other in different portions of the compass. Perhaps the most advanced organ in this respect—the one which suggested this point to the author—is that at Battersea Polytechnic (Beale & Thynne, voiced by Whiteley). Flauta Armdnica—(Sp.) = Harmonic Flute. Flauta Cuspida—Flauto Cuspido. (Lat.) Cuspidatus = pointed. See Spitzflote. Lund Cathedral, Sweden. Flauta Euskeria— (Sp.) = Euskarian, or Basque Flute. Flautado— (Sp.) = Flute. Flautado Kuerolofon = Waldflote (horny-toned). Flautado Principal = Diapason. Flautado Violon = Gamba. Flautina—Flautino. 2 ft. Practically synonymous with Flageolet. Should any distinction be drawn, the Flautina is the more delicate of the two. FLAUTINA DOLCE—2 ft. A Flauto Dolce of super-octave pitch. Flauto- (It.) = Flute; (Lat.) Flare = to blow {cf. English, inflate). FLAUTO AMABILE—Flauto Amoroso, Flute d'Amour. (Fr.) Amour = love; (Lat) Amorosus = loving. 8 ft; 4 ft. A small-scaled Flute of bright tone. Sometimes (e.g., by Lewis) voiced slightly stringy in quality, being a hybrid stop between Salicional and Flute. Flauto di Pan—Pandean Flute. 8 ft. ; 4 ft. ; 2 f t. ; 1 ft. As 1 ft. it occurs on the Pedal, and as 2 ft. on the Oberwerk, at Lund Cathedral, Sweden, the pipes in both instances being of tin. In this capacity it is practically identical with Campana (q.v.). Pandean Flute, 8 ft. or 4 ft., is generally equivalent to Vienna Flute.
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS JJ.WEDGWO
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Cornell University Library The orig
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THIRD EDITION. TO T. TERTIUS NOBLE,
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A WORK FOREWORD. of this kind will
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PREFACE. V frame a few constructive
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PREFACE. Vll from the facts that a
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PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. THE
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PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. XI c
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XIV BIBLIOGRAPHY. 1833 he went to P
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XVI TABLE OF HARMONIC SERIES. TABLE
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. A. Acous
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 3 artist
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. J BARYTO
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. Beard—
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. B©11—
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 13 the e
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 1 Dr. Ha
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Page 75 and 76: above stops are all of the bivalvul
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Page 85 and 86: DOUBLE - TONGUEO REED —Double-ton
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Page 117 and 118: HORN GAMBA—See Fugara. DICTIONARY
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Page 121 and 122: RRUMMHORN—See Clarinet. DICTIONAR
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 133 Rega
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. '37 chim
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Salicional .(rollered), with double
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 141 empl
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 1 43 Sha
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 145 8 ft
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Subbass—See Bourdon. DICTIONARY O
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 149 prop
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 151 and
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154 Metal Tibia Minor
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156 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. U P
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170 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. "Vio
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172 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. due
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174 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. Pari
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182 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. Vox
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1 86 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. z\
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i88 PHONETIC PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY
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190 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. LIST OF SU
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192 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. Gordon & G
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194 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. Rollo, D.,
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THE SHEFFIELD DAILY TELEGRAPH. " Mr
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Works by the same Author. A HISTORY
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MUSICAL WORKS COMPOSED OR EDITED BY
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— MUSICAL WORKS BY FRANCIS BURGES
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The "JOHN HOLT" "PIONEER" PEDAL REE
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— — " Artis est Celare Artem" A
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ESTABLISHED 1869. TELEPHONE 673. Ab
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J. J. BINNS, BRAMLEY ORGAN WORKS, l
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ROBERT SPURDEN #rgan BSutltrer, RUT
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ESTABLISHED 1886. TUNINGS, &c, by Y
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Ssta.1blish.ecl 1888. High Class Ch
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