A comprehensive dictionary of organ stops - Allen Organ Studio of ...
A comprehensive dictionary of organ stops - Allen Organ Studio of ... A comprehensive dictionary of organ stops - Allen Organ Studio of ...
DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. fallen into disuse. It forms an exquisite solo stop. In the sense that the pedal Major Bass 1 6 ft. is termed a wood Diapason, the Clara- bella is the wood manual Diapason. In the original Bishop examples, which, in the author's estimation, have not been surpassed, the mouth is on the narrow side of the pipe, and, contrary to the subsequent, though perhaps not altogether commendable, practice of some voicers, it is not inverted. There are excellent examples of the Bishop stop at St. Mary, Nottingham ( 1 8 7 1 ); St. George's Cathedral (R.C. ), Southwark; Brighton College; Brompton Oratory. The Willis variety of the stop (Claribel Flute), though first constructed of wood, was later made of metal and was of harmonic form. In some instances large holes were pierced in the pipes both in the centre and at the top. The size of these aper- tures could be regulated by means of overlapping (tuning) slides (only one of which is shown in the accompanying illustration) (see Keraulophon). In the author's estimation the tone is less pure, and more hooting, than that of the Bishop varitey. Those who like harmonic stops as Great organ foundational Flutes will probably find it the least harmful variety. The Claribel Flute still exists in many Willis organs. The octave Clarabella is* a useful Choir organ stop. Scales—Bishop Clarabella : CC (stopped) 4f in. x in. ; 3f Mid. C Harmonic (open) i-| in. x if in. Willis Claribel Flute Claribel Flute CC (stopped) 4 in. x 3 in. ; Mid. C (open, (Willis). metal) 2 in.; Mid. G (harmonic) i\ 4 in. _.. . it „ r Clanana—Clanona. Very rare. 8 ft. Clarabella (Bishop). (1) A metal Gamba of ringing keen tone. Brooklyn Tabernacle, U.S.A. (2) An Echo Dulciana. CJardine & Co.) ; Cls%i?i1bel Flute—See Clarabella. Clarinet— (Ger.) Klarinette; (Ger. and Fr.) Clarinette; (It.) Clarinetto, and sometimes Corno di Caccia {g.v.). With which are grouped Corno di Bassetto ; Orchestral Clarinet, Cremona; (Fr.) Cormorne, Cromorne ; and (Ger.) Krummhorn. 8 ft. ; occasionally 16 ft. ; very rarely 4 ft. : \
DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 23 Clarinets of 4 ft. pitch occurred at St. Alessando, Milan ; Hoforgel, Dresden, (Silbermann). The name Clarinet is derived from the Italian Clarino, a small Trumpet. The version, Clarionet, is supposed to spring from the English, Clarion. Even if not absolutely inaccurate, it is certainly not to be commended. Cremona is a corruption of Krumm-Horn, or Cromorne, the adoption of which name has in time past led to the idea that the stop was intended to imitate the Cremona Violin. The following extract from a Voluntary Book (dating from the end of the XVIII Century) by one Jonas Blewitt, is both amusing and instructive, showing the state of contemporaneous reed-voicing, as well as illustrating our point :— "It is supposed to assimilate with the Fiddle so named from a city renowned for making those instruments ; yet, I think it by no means a good imitation, it being nearest in. tone to the Violoncello, therefore, the middle or tenor part of the organ should be used in adapting music to this stop." Corno di Bassetto represents the old Basset Horn, a tenor Clarinet. Krummhorn (Ger. = crooked horn), had originally reference to a variety of Shawm or Horn, now obsolete, provided with six holes, and, at the lower end, semicircular in form. Cor Morne is variously represented as derived from (Fr.) Cor = Horn, Morne = dull or gloomy, or Morne = Mountain. The name Cromorne is an intermediary between Cormorne and Krummhorn. In modern times, in this country, if any distinction at all be drawn, the Corno di Bassetto is generally a fuller and richer toned stop than the thin and piquant Clarinet. In old organs when the Clarinet extended only to tenor C, the name Krummhorn was applied to a Clarinet carried down to the F below, with the tube bent towards the middle, similar in appearance to that of a Fan Trumpet. This is now obsolete and the name may refer to any variety of Clarinet. In England the Clarinet is ex- clusively made as a stop with pipes of cylindrical shape ; buc in Germany the Krummhorn or Klarinette, and in France the Cormorne or Corno di Bassetto, is often either a cylindrical pipe surmounted by a bell (Comet-a-Pavillon), and sometimes pierced as the Keraulophon, or one of inverted conical shape. In such cases it is also occasionally voiced as a chorus stop, even as a soft Trumpet standing side by side with a loud Trumpet on the Great organ (St. Denis, St. Vincent de Paul, Paris). In Germany and Switzerland the Clarinet is almost always a free reed of moderately large scale, and, compared to our style, frequently of very poor, thin and colourless tone. The author, however, heard an excellent free reed specimen Clarinet.
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS.<br />
fallen into disuse. It forms an exquisite solo<br />
stop. In the sense that the pedal Major Bass<br />
1 6 ft. is termed a wood Diapason, the Clara-<br />
bella is the wood manual Diapason.<br />
In the original Bishop examples, which, in the<br />
author's estimation, have not been surpassed, the<br />
mouth is on the narrow side <strong>of</strong> the pipe, and,<br />
contrary to the subsequent, though perhaps not<br />
altogether commendable, practice <strong>of</strong> some voicers,<br />
it is not inverted. There are excellent examples<br />
<strong>of</strong> the Bishop stop at St. Mary, Nottingham<br />
( 1 8 7 1 ); St. George's Cathedral (R.C. ), Southwark;<br />
Brighton College; Brompton Oratory. The<br />
Willis variety <strong>of</strong> the stop (Claribel Flute), though<br />
first constructed <strong>of</strong> wood, was later made <strong>of</strong> metal<br />
and was <strong>of</strong> harmonic form. In some instances<br />
large holes were pierced in the pipes both in the<br />
centre and at the top. The size <strong>of</strong> these aper-<br />
tures could be regulated by means <strong>of</strong> overlapping<br />
(tuning) slides (only one <strong>of</strong> which is shown in the<br />
accompanying illustration) (see Keraulophon).<br />
In the author's estimation the tone is less pure,<br />
and more hooting, than that <strong>of</strong> the Bishop varitey.<br />
Those who like harmonic <strong>stops</strong> as Great <strong>organ</strong><br />
foundational Flutes will probably find it the least<br />
harmful variety. The Claribel Flute still exists<br />
in many Willis <strong>organ</strong>s. The octave Clarabella<br />
is* a useful Choir <strong>organ</strong> stop. Scales—Bishop<br />
Clarabella : CC (stopped) 4f in. x in. ; 3f Mid. C<br />
Harmonic (open) i-| in. x if in. Willis Claribel Flute<br />
Claribel Flute CC (stopped) 4 in. x 3 in. ; Mid. C (open,<br />
(Willis).<br />
metal) 2 in.; Mid. G (harmonic) i\ 4 in.<br />
_.. . it „ r<br />
Clanana—Clanona. Very rare. 8 ft.<br />
Clarabella<br />
(Bishop).<br />
(1) A metal Gamba <strong>of</strong> ringing keen tone. Brooklyn Tabernacle, U.S.A.<br />
(2) An Echo Dulciana.<br />
CJardine & Co.) ;<br />
Cls%i?i1bel Flute—See Clarabella.<br />
Clarinet— (Ger.) Klarinette; (Ger. and Fr.) Clarinette; (It.)<br />
Clarinetto, and sometimes Corno di Caccia {g.v.). With which are<br />
grouped Corno di Bassetto ; Orchestral Clarinet, Cremona; (Fr.)<br />
Cormorne, Cromorne ; and (Ger.) Krummhorn. 8 ft. ; occasionally<br />
16 ft. ; very rarely 4 ft.<br />
:<br />
\
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