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86 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. power and pre-eminently mellow and musical, are nevertheless possessed of far greater pervading and travelling power, and exercise a more beneficial influence on the general tone, than blustering stops of the Harmonic Diapason and Stentorphon type. Instead of amalgamating with the true organ tone the Harmonic Diapason cuts through it, being raucous and unduly self-assertive. St. Columb Major, Cornwall (1877) Hall (1882); Rugby Speech Room (1890). All by Bryceson. ; Paisley Concert Harmonic Flute-(Fr.) Flute Harmonique ; (Ger.) Harmonieflote ; (Sp.) Flauta Armdnica. 8 ft. ; 4 ft. Invented by Cavailld-Coll. See Harmonic Pipes and Flauto Traverso. The tone of the Harmonic Flute, as of most flue pipes, can be varied considerably in power, and to some extent in quality, by regulating the width of the mouth. In 4 ft. pitch on the Great organ it forms a stop invaluable for accompanimental usage, and, provided it is not unduly powerful, beneficial in combination. In 8 ft. pitch it is not very suitable to the Great organ, for, if sufficiently powerful to be serviceable, it is apt to render the Diapason tone "muddy," and certainly does not supply as much body and "filling" power as a Hohlflbte or Tibia. When incorporated in the Choir organ the stop is usually named Flauto Traverso, and made of 4 ft., though occasionally of 8 ft., pitch. The Choir organ Flauto Traverso is of quiet tone and voiced with more character than the larger- scaled Harmonic Flutes. The Solo organ Harmonic Flute is powerlul and legitimately somewhat hooting in tone. It is sometimes enclosed, sometimes not. It would certainly seem more satisfactory to enclose stops of this class, alike in resonant and unsympathetic buildings, for the sake of the expressive facilities thereby obtained. The Harmonic Flute combines effectively with such, imitative and orchestral reeds as the Vox Humana, Orchestral Oboe, Bassoon, etc. With certain types of the Vox Humana, indeed, most peculiar timbres may be built up. Many combinations of this class are enhanced by the use of the Tremulant, upon the speed and power of which their success is largely dependant. When enclosed there can scarcely be any objection to the lowest octave of the 8 ft. variety being composed of stopped pipes. Harmonic Flutes may be of very full cloying tone, or liquid and bright. An instance of the former, with leathered lips, may be heard to advantage at St. Stephen, Wandsworth, S.W. (Whiteley), as a Great organ 4 ft. stop; whilst good examples of the latter variety may be often encountered in the work of Messrs. Walker (e.g., York Minster ; St. Margaret, Westminster). Specimens of each kind are useful in large organs, though the fact must not be ignored that the liquid and hooting style of Harmonic Flute owes its successful effect to favourable acoustical conditions far more than to any peculiarly meritorious voicing. At the Parish Church, Hucknall Torkard, Nottingham (Musson & Compton), may be heard side by side an exceedingly full-toned Solo
DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 87 Harmonic Flute, and a liquid and bright 4 ft. Great stop. The former, which is voiced on a heavy wind pressure, is made of extremely thick and weighty metal, and provided with leathered lips. In many of the larger instruments of Cavaille'-Coll, the Solo Harmonic Flutes frequently sound distressingly coarse when heard close to, a quality of tone probably due to the sharp thin lips and thin tin pipes he, in common with the majority of French builders, employed. When heard at a distance this disagreeable feature is not noticeable, indeed the stop there probably sounds all the better for this boldness of treatment. In the author's estimation, however, Messrs. Walker's stops of this class are preferable. Yet, so far as large buildings are concerned, if the provision of both varieties of Harmonic Flute is not contemplated, the fuller toned type of stop will probably be found the more effective. Derby Road Church, Nottingham (imported from Cavaille-Coll by Conacher) ; Albert Hall, Sheffield ; Town Hall, Manchester (Cavaille'-Coll). The author, also, has in his pos- session a typical Harmonic Flute pipe made by this firm. See also Flute Octaviante. The pipes of the Harmonic Flute are variously made with and without ears. Occasionally they are furnished with long ears for tuning purposes (see Bell Gamba). Roughly speaking, the hole or holes rendering the pipes harmonic may be pierced anywhere in the middle portion of the pipe ; but the position in which they are most conducive to facility of speech is supposed by some voicers to be at a distance of two-fifths up the pipe. The Harmonic Flute is copiously winded, though no increased pressure is necessary save in the case of solo varieties. The pipes are of harmonic construction variously from fid. G, mid. C and F upwards, the bass pipes being voiced " tubby " to match, and therefore sometimes known by the classical (!) appellation of "Tubs." Some builders cause the upper lips of Harmonic Flute pipes to protrude considerably, the process being known technically as '.' lifting " the lip. An example of a stop so treated may be seen at Moreton, Dorset (Conacher). Scales.—Harmonic Flute, 4 ft. CC, 3 in. ; Mid. C (harmonic), if in. Solo Harmonic Flute, 8 ft. CC may measure anything from 4 in. to 8 in. or 9 in. Open wood bass, CC, 6 in. x 5 in. Metal T. C, 3J in. Metal "piute (harmonic) Mid. C, 3 in. Harmonic Gedackt—See Zatjberflote. Harmonic Piccolo—See Piccolo. I
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS JJ.WEDGWO
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Cornell University Library The orig
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THIRD EDITION. TO T. TERTIUS NOBLE,
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A WORK FOREWORD. of this kind will
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PREFACE. V frame a few constructive
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PREFACE. Vll from the facts that a
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PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. THE
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PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. XI c
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XIV BIBLIOGRAPHY. 1833 he went to P
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XVI TABLE OF HARMONIC SERIES. TABLE
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. A. Acous
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 3 artist
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 5 are st
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. J BARYTO
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. Beard—
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. B©11—
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 13 the e
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 1 Dr. Ha
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 1 would
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 1 IV ran
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 21 is ra
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 23 Clari
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 25 are n
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 27 CLEAR
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 2 9 Cont
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 3 (2) In
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 33 beaut
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Page 75 and 76: above stops are all of the bivalvul
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Page 85 and 86: DOUBLE - TONGUEO REED —Double-ton
Page 87 and 88: DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 63 Dulci
Page 89 and 90: DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 65 Echo
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Page 95 and 96: DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. T Flauto
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Page 117 and 118: HORN GAMBA—See Fugara. DICTIONARY
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Page 121 and 122: RRUMMHORN—See Clarinet. DICTIONAR
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. '37 chim
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Salicional .(rollered), with double
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 141 empl
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 1 43 Sha
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 145 8 ft
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Subbass—See Bourdon. DICTIONARY O
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 149 prop
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DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. 151 and
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154 Metal Tibia Minor
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156 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. U P
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158 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. of a
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i6o DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. Trom
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170 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. "Vio
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174 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. Pari
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182 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. Vox
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1 86 DICTIONARY OF ORGAN STOPS. z\
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i88 PHONETIC PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY
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190 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. LIST OF SU
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192 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. Gordon & G
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194 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. Rollo, D.,
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THE SHEFFIELD DAILY TELEGRAPH. " Mr
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Works by the same Author. A HISTORY
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MUSICAL WORKS COMPOSED OR EDITED BY
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— MUSICAL WORKS BY FRANCIS BURGES
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The "JOHN HOLT" "PIONEER" PEDAL REE
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— — " Artis est Celare Artem" A
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ESTABLISHED 1869. TELEPHONE 673. Ab
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J. J. BINNS, BRAMLEY ORGAN WORKS, l
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ROBERT SPURDEN #rgan BSutltrer, RUT
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ESTABLISHED 1886. TUNINGS, &c, by Y
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Ssta.1blish.ecl 1888. High Class Ch
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