Franz Brentano_The True and the Evident.pdf

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26 The True and the Evident Unfortunately Land also overlooked this point.* But he is the only one of my critics who has understood what Windelband has called my “mysterious” suggestions for reforming elementary logic; he has seen their necessary connection with the principle which I have used and he has been able to derive them correctly from this principle. 38 Let me call attention finally to a certain curiosity which Steinthal has recently provided for us, in his Zeitschrift für Völkerpsychologie (Vol. xviii, p. 175). Here I am amazed to read: “Brentano completely separates judgements from ideas and from thinking [!], and classifies judgements, as acts of acceptance or rejection, with love and hate [!!]—a confusion which is instantly dispelled, if one interprets any such judgement [?] as being simply a matter of taking an aesthetic [!] stand or position.” Probably Steinthal read only Windelband’s review, and did not look at my Psychologie itself. But he read the review in such a cursory fashion that perhaps he will appreciate my forwarding his lines to Windelband for correction. * See J.P.N.Land, “On a Supposed Improvement in Formal Logic”, Abhandhungen der königl. Niederländischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1876.
V CRITIQUE OF SIGWART’S THEORY OF THE EXISTENTIAL AND THE NEGATIVE JUDGEMENT (From the notes to Vom Ursprung sittlicher Erkenntnis, 1889) 39 Sigwart’s monograph, Die Impersonalien, attacking Miklosich, has recently appeated.* There is a penetrating criticism of the monograph by Marty in the Vierteljahrsschrift für wissenschaftliche Philosophie (Marty had previously criticized the relevant portions of Sigwart’s Logik). 40 Quite unreasonably, Sigwart seems to have been considerably annoyed. “II se fache,” as the French would say, “donc il a tort.” Steinthal burns thick clouds of incense on behalf of Sigwart in his Zeitschrift (Vol. xviii, pp. 170 ff.), and in the foreword to the fourth edition of his own Ursprung der Sprache we find him approving what any true friend of the deserving Sigwart can only regret; yet even Steinthal admits that Sigwart’s view is mistaken in its essentials. After the high praise with which he begins his review, one finds oneself somewhat disillusioned at the end. Steinthal (pp. 177–180) rejects the grammatical implications of Sigwart’s theory; hence the only real achievement of the monograph would be its contribution to psychology. But psychology is not the area in which Steinthal’s estimate is authoritative. If it were, one would even have to be serious about the following remark: “On hearing the lines ‘Da bückt sich’s hinunter mit liebendem Blick’ (from Schiller’s Taucher), one can only think of the daughter of the king. It is not she who comes before the mind, however; it is only a subjectless bow or curtsey. And now I feel for her all the more. According to my [i.e., Steinthal’s] psychology, the idea of the king’s daughter hovers in the background, but does not enter consciousness.” The wise man knows when he has had enough. I. The limitations of Sigwart’s psychological theory are apparent when he tries to come to terms with the concept “Existence”. Aristotle had seen that this is a concept we acquire through reflection upon the affirmative judgement.* But Sigwart, like most modern * Miklosich, Subjektlose Sätze, 2nd edn, Vienna 1883. If the reader wishes to acquaint himself with this valuable work, I may suggest that he read the notice of it which I prepared for the Wiener Abendpost. Through a misunderstanding it was published as a feuilleton in the Wiener Zeitung. Certainly no one would look for it there, and so I include it here [in the Vom Ursprung sittlicher Erkenntnis] as an appendix. 41 * The concepts of existence and non-existence are correlatives to the concepts of the truth of (simple) affirmative and negative judgements. 42 The judgement is correlative with that which is judged; the affirmative judgement with that which is judged affirmatively, the negative
Page 2 and 3: Routledge Revivals The True and the
Page 4 and 5: Translated from the German WAHREIT
Page 6 and 7: x Contents To Anton Marty, 2 Septem
Page 8 and 9: xii Preface fortune to be able to c
Page 10 and 11: INTRODUCTION by OSKAR KRAUS I. ON T
Page 12 and 13: xvi Introduction to the confusion.*
Page 14 and 15: xviii Introduction of view—just a
Page 16 and 17: xx Introduction 9. The dictations o
Page 18 and 19: xxii Introduction These irrealia, o
Page 20 and 21: xxiv Introduction 13. Ehrenfels has
Page 22 and 23: xxvi Introduction The motivation be
Page 24 and 25: I ON THE CONCEPT OF TRUTH (Lecture
Page 26 and 27: 4 The True and the Evident 9. What,
Page 28 and 29: 6 The True and the Evident 16. In t
Page 30 and 31: 8 The True and the Evident No furth
Page 32 and 33: 10 The True and the Evident of cert
Page 34 and 35: 12 The True and the Evident this ex
Page 36 and 37: 14 The True and the Evident be give
Page 38 and 39: 16 The True and the Evident referen
Page 40 and 41: II BEING IN THE SENSE OF THE TRUE (
Page 42 and 43: III DESCARTES’ CLASSIFICATION OF
Page 44 and 45: 22 The True and the Evident somethi
Page 46 and 47: 24 The True and the Evident Psychol
Page 50 and 51: 28 The True and the Evident logicia
Page 52 and 53: 30 The True and the Evident which i
Page 54 and 55: 32 The True and the Evident There i
Page 56 and 57: 34 The True and the Evident Are we
Page 58 and 59: 36 The True and the Evident way. On
Page 60 and 61: 38 The True and the Evident It is c
Page 62 and 63: 40 The True and the Evident is basi
Page 64 and 65: Part Two TRANSITION TO THE LATER VI
Page 66 and 67: 44 The True and the Evident concept
Page 68 and 69: 46 The True and the Evident 13. But
Page 70 and 71: 48 The True and the Evident each of
Page 72 and 73: 50 The True and the Evident 8. Such
Page 74 and 75: I ON THE SO-CALLED “IMMANENT OR I
Page 76 and 77: II ENS RATIONIS AND ENS IRREALE To
Page 78 and 79: III IN OPPOSITION TO THE SO-CALLED
Page 80 and 81: 58 The True and the Evident When do
Page 82 and 83: 60 The True and the Evident I have
Page 84 and 85: 62 The True and the Evident the con
Page 86 and 87: 64 The True and the Evident to supp
Page 88 and 89: 66 The True and the Evident degree
Page 90 and 91: 68 The True and the Evident concept
Page 92 and 93: 70 The True and the Evident non-exi
Page 94 and 95: Part Four THE LATER VIEW AS SET FOR
Page 96 and 97: 74 The True and the Evident 6. And
Page 98 and 99:
76 The True and the Evident 14. Any
Page 100 and 101:
II ON THE MEANING OF “VERITAS EST
Page 102 and 103:
80 The True and the Evident that re
Page 104 and 105:
82 The True and the Evident in whic
Page 106 and 107:
84 The True and the Evident would s
Page 108 and 109:
86 The True and the Evident 6. If e
Page 110 and 111:
VI ON THE EVIDENT (Fragment of 12 J
Page 112 and 113:
APPENDICES
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92 Appendix 1: On the General Valid
Page 116 and 117:
94 Appendix 1: On the General Valid
Page 118 and 119:
2 ON THE ORIGIN OF THE ERRONEOUS DO
Page 120 and 121:
NOTES by Oskar Kraus
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100 Notes between saying (i) that i
Page 124 and 125:
102 Notes and futural thinking are
Page 126 and 127:
104 Notes 20 Later Brentano declare
Page 128 and 129:
106 Notes he held instead that the
Page 130 and 131:
108 Notes any kind of a thing, and
Page 132 and 133:
110 Notes given in some way or othe
Page 134 and 135:
112 Notes 15 “Meaning” is here
Page 136 and 137:
114 Notes The Rehmke school refuses
Page 138 and 139:
116 Notes in the sentence “The tr
Page 140 and 141:
118 Notes 24 Compare the letter abo
Page 142 and 143:
120 Notes 39 Brentano’s expressio
Page 144 and 145:
122 Notes these consequences, which
Page 146 and 147:
124 Notes someone who is judging wi
Page 148 and 149:
126 Notes 4 Brentano’s hope of le
Page 150 and 151:
INDEX abstracta, 63-4, 71, 162, 178
Page 152 and 153:
130 Index Husserl, E., xv, xvi, xvi
Page 154 and 155:
132 Index propositions; see content
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