Dissertation_A Bick_May 25 - DataSpace at Princeton University
Dissertation_A Bick_May 25 - DataSpace at Princeton University Dissertation_A Bick_May 25 - DataSpace at Princeton University
Veere, and that in the third year the Investor-Director shall be from Vlissingen or Veere [...] and the Assessor from Middelburg. 72 To complicate matters further, the agreement between Vlissingen and Veere added the following: That in the first year, Vlissingen shall appoint a director and Veere the Assessor, and in the second the reverse. Concerning the Investor-Director in the third year, the first two turns shall be taken by Vlissingen, the last by Veere. 73 The results of the two agreements together can be seen in the table below: Year Director 1 Director 2 Director 3 Investor-Director Assessor 1 M M VL M VE 2 M M VE M VL 3 M M VL VL M 4 M M VE M VL 5 M M VL M VE 6 M M VE VL M 7 M M VL M VE 8 M M VE M VL 9 M M VL VE M Table 2. "M" represents Middelburg, "VL" Vlissingen, and "VE" Veere. 74 Although neither Vlissingen nor Veere could have been fully satisfied with this outcome, the formula ensured a constant rotation of three of the five Zeeland seats at the Heren XIX, with each of the three cities present for all but one year (listed as year 3 above) in the nine-year rotation. It 72 NA 1.05.01.01 inv.nr. 19. “Alle deputaten ter vergaderinge van de XIX sullen geschieden als volcht, namentlyck twee Bewinthebbers van Middelburch, ende een van Vlissingen oft Vere, ende den hooftparticipant Bewindhebber sal gaen twee jaren van Middelburgh ende daer negens den Assessor twee jaren van Vlissingen oft Vere, ende het derde jaer den hooftparticipant bewinthebber van Vlissingen ofte Vere ofte by gebreke van selve een ander Bewinthebber in syne plaetse. Ende daeriegens van Middelburch den Assessor.” 73 Ibid. 74 All tables in this chapter are original. I would like to thank Nealin Parker for her assistance with formatting and design. 117
thus shows the political—as opposed to financial or administrative—significance of the addition of the assessor. This individual might not have voting rights, but he would be able to keep an eye on the proceedings and perhaps even catch the ear of a fellow delegate. When the delegation from Zeeland arrived at their first meeting of the Heren XIX, in August 1623, they brought no fewer than eight people. 75 By March 1624, after the two new agreements had been finalized, the formula was followed to the letter: Simon Schotte, Pieter Beurdt, and Jeremy Waelens represented Middelburg; Rogier Cobbert, Vlissingen, and the assessor, from Veere, was Adrian Velters. 76 The difficulties in the chamber of the Maas were much less complicated, but they were equally disruptive and, critically, proved a more serious test of the ability of the Heren XIX to resolve disputes among its own members. 77 As Van Dillen and others have noted, the most dramatic difference between the subscription lists to the WIC and VOC was the relative share invested by the merchants of the Maas. 78 This resulted in large part from the fact that Dordrecht—which in 1602 had chosen to invest in the Amsterdam chamber of the VOC—now joined Rotterdam and Delft. While the three cities together raised more than a million guilders, and were jointly responsible for the chamber’s management, they were entitled to only two seats at the meetings of the Heren XIX. This created a natural conflict. Unlike North Holland or Zeeland, however, the merchants of the Maas cooperated to form a chamber and then pushed for a modification to the way the chamber would be represented. At the October 1623 meeting of the Heren XIX, the Maas delegation arrived with three people, rather than two. Jacob de Witte 75 NA 1.05.01.01 inv.nr. 1, entry for August 3, 1623. 76 Ibid., entry for March 16, 1624. 77 Ibid., entries for March 16-March 30, 1624. See also Cornelis Christiaan Goslinga, The Dutch in the Caribbean and on the Wild Coast 1580-1680 (Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1971), 99-100. 78 J. G. van Dillen, “De West-Indische Compagnie, het Calvinism en de Politiek,” Tijdschrift voor Geschiedenis 74 (1961): 150; Den Heijer, De Geoctrooieerde Compagnie, 61. 118
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Veere, and th<strong>at</strong> in the third year the Investor-Director shall be from Vlissingen or Veere [...] and<br />
the Assessor from Middelburg. 72<br />
To complic<strong>at</strong>e m<strong>at</strong>ters further, the agreement between Vlissingen and Veere added the<br />
following:<br />
Th<strong>at</strong> in the first year, Vlissingen shall appoint a director and Veere the Assessor, and in the<br />
second the reverse. Concerning the Investor-Director in the third year, the first two turns shall be<br />
taken by Vlissingen, the last by Veere. 73<br />
The results of the two agreements together can be seen in the table below:<br />
Year Director 1 Director 2 Director 3 Investor-Director Assessor<br />
1 M M VL M VE<br />
2 M M VE M VL<br />
3 M M VL VL M<br />
4 M M VE M VL<br />
5 M M VL M VE<br />
6 M M VE VL M<br />
7 M M VL M VE<br />
8 M M VE M VL<br />
9 M M VL VE M<br />
Table 2. "M" represents Middelburg, "VL" Vlissingen, and "VE" Veere. 74<br />
Although neither Vlissingen nor Veere could have been fully s<strong>at</strong>isfied with this outcome, the<br />
formula ensured a constant rot<strong>at</strong>ion of three of the five Zeeland se<strong>at</strong>s <strong>at</strong> the Heren XIX, with each<br />
of the three cities present for all but one year (listed as year 3 above) in the nine-year rot<strong>at</strong>ion. It<br />
<br />
72 NA 1.05.01.01 inv.nr. 19. “Alle deput<strong>at</strong>en ter vergaderinge van de XIX sullen geschieden als volcht, namentlyck<br />
twee Bewinthebbers van Middelburch, ende een van Vlissingen oft Vere, ende den hooftparticipant Bewindhebber<br />
sal gaen twee jaren van Middelburgh ende daer negens den Assessor twee jaren van Vlissingen oft Vere, ende het<br />
derde jaer den hooftparticipant bewinthebber van Vlissingen ofte Vere ofte by gebreke van selve een ander<br />
Bewinthebber in syne plaetse. Ende daeriegens van Middelburch den Assessor.”<br />
73 Ibid.<br />
74 All tables in this chapter are original. I would like to thank Nealin Parker for her assistance with form<strong>at</strong>ting and<br />
design.<br />
117