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preliminary tribe had individually the mission of educating the children physically, intellectually,
and ethically, by arranging the means of the life preparations. This continued until the opening of
the ancient ages. The Roman families, in their oldest ages, had full and exclusive supervision on
bringing up and educating their children in the various aspects according to distinctive systems
that were independent from any public authority. Education was one of the responsibilities of
houses. Such educational efforts were confused with other indifferent activities to the degree that
education was seen as an unintentional process. Afterward, houses began to look upon the
educational affairs intentionally. After the invention of writing[3], education depended upon the
familiarity with the experts of the previous generations, thanks to the recordings of the explored
facts. This added a new household job, which is teaching in the meaning of private tutorials.
[1] Refer to Development of the educational theory: 17.
[2] Refer to Psychology: Principals and educational applications: 23‐4.
[3] Few thousands of years ago, writing was invented. Before so, the experts of the generations
were transferred orally. After the invention of writing, man could record and add to the
knowledge. This matter facilitated the procedure of gathering and adding to the cultural
elements. From this cause, it is said that the invention of writing is the most momentous event of
the history of mankind. The previous is excerpted from Sociology: 274.
Fathers, kinsmen, and the elder members of families and tribes did this job to the children.[1]
With the shining of the illumination of Islam, a great change occurred in all of the aspects of life,
including education. Islam paid the greatest attention to education. Muslims have been
encouraged on learning so that they would review the references of knowledge and culture for
improving their lives and raising their levels.
Policy and Education
Each political system needs the support of an educational system. The political and social
revolutions paid a great attention to education and teaching for keeping up the ruling and
explaining their philosophy. An educationist says, “Social dominance through education comes to
surface evidently when a political, martial, or social revolution occur. When such a revolution
achieves success in the political objectives, it should turn to education to use it as an instrument
of achieving the social objectives. Without education, revolutions are narrowed in a scope that is
isolated from the society and the individuals. Time will not be too long for terminating the isolated
revolutions that lack the social publicity of their goals.”
Reliance upon education is one of the most significant means of the modern systems that believe
that education and knowledge should be the slogans of the cultural revolutions. Communism used
all means for the propaganda of their ideology, and founding units in the educational and teaching
institutes to betake the students as soldiers that support such ideologies and combat the
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