Untitled

SOILS OF CANADA
Volume II
SOIL INVENTORY
A Cooperative Project of
The Canada Soil Survey Committee
and
The Soil Research Institute
Ottawa, Ontario
by
J .S . Clayton, W.A . Ehrlich, D .B . Cann,
J .H . Day, and I .B . Marshall
1977
RESEARCH BRANCH
CANADA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1977
Available by mail from
Printing and Publishing
Supply and Services Canada,
Ottawa, Canada K1A OS9
or through your bookseller
Catalogue No . A53-1544/2-1976
Price : Canada : $25 .00
Other countries: $30 .00
ISBN 0-660-00503-4
Price subject to change without notice
D. W. Fricscn & Sons Ltd .
Altona. Manitoba ROG OBO
Contract No . 02KX~OIA05-6-38476

CONTENTS
PART I
Guide to the Content and Organization of the Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Map Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Physiography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Soil Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Landscape : Topography and Landform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Texture and Character of Parent Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Vegetation and Land Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Geographic Grid Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Reference : Source and Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
PART II
Inventory : Description of Soil Map Units ; their Classification, Extent, Physiography,
Climate, Physical Characteristics, Vegetation, and Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Dominantly Chernozemic Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Brown Chernozemic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Dark Brown Chernozemic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Black Chernozemic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Dark Gray Chernozemic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Dominantly Solonetzic Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Brown Solonetz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Black Solonetz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Solod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Dominantly Luvisolic Soils. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Gray Brown Luvisol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Gray Luvisol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Dominantly Podzolic Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Humo-Ferric Podzol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Dominantly Brunisolic Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Melanic Brunisol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Eutric Brunisol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Dystric Brunisol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Dominantly Regosolic Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Orthic Regosol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Cumulic Regosol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Cryic Orthic Regosol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Dominantly Gleysolic Soils. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Humic Gleysol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Orthic Gleysol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Cryic Gleysol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Dominantly Organic Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Fibrisol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Cryic Fibrisol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Dominantly Rockland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
TABLES
1 Correlation of World and Canadian map units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 Area totals for each soil order, great group, and subgroup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3 Physiographic correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4 Generalized characteristics of temperature classes used for the soil climate maps of
Canada and North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . 13
5 Generalized characteristics of moisture regimes and subclasses used for the soil climate
maps of Canada and North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6 Extent of soil temperature classes and moisture subclasses in Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7 Topographic classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8 Area totals for the various topographic classes within each soil order, great group,
and subgroup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

TABLES-concl'd
9 Area totals for the various textural classes within each soil order, great group, and
subgroup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 .
10 Land use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
11 Vegetation and land use combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
FIGURE
1 Geographic grid reference for location of mapunits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

PART I
GUIDE TO THE CONTENT AND ORGANIZATION OF THE INVENTORY
The Soil Inventory is compiled for use in conjunction
with the Soil Map of Canada as a means of providing
information relating to the individual soil and
landscape areas that cannot be readily obtained from
the Soil Map or the report on the Soils of Canada .
It consists of a compilation of information in an
abbreviated tabular form for each of the 750 areas
designated on the Soil Map .
The Inventory is divided into a series of separate
sections for each of the major soil orders as indicated
by the initial letter in the map symbol used in the map
legend . The subdivision of the major soil orders into
great groups at the lower taxonomic level is indicated
by a number added to the letter symbol . Each
individually mapped area has its own specific
reference number placed under the taxonomic map
symbol .
For example, the soil area 35 signifies an area of
dominantly Dark Brown Chernozemic soil . The
number 35 gives the specific soil area mapped,
which can be located on the Soil Map by the
geographic grid reference .
The data provided for each individual soil area are
given in the following sequence .
MAP UNIT
The Canadian map symbol and area reference number
are given together with the corresponding symbol for
the same area as it will appear in the FAO/UNESCO
Soil Map of North America . Table 1 gives the
correlation of FAO/UNESCO (1) and Canadian (2)
map unit symbols .
The soil subgroups of each map unit are indicated
in terms of combinations of Dominant 40%,
Subdominant 20-40%, and Significant inclusions
10-20% . Stony and rocky phases are indicated
where these conditions are applicable to the
map unit .
Taxonomic and phase combinations have been
interpreted in many instances for large areas, and
within these units, smaller areas of more discrete
pattern may be expected to occur and would be
distinguished in more detailed mapping .
AREA
The extent of individual map units is given in square
miles and square kilometres . Table 2 provides area
totals for each soil order, great group, and subgroup
in the Inventory . There are 750 individual soil areas
on the Soil Map of Canada, accounting for 3,545,850
sq mi (9 183 398 km2) of land surface . This figure
was derived from calculations obtained by the
"Peel Coat" weighing method . These calculations
were adjusted by the use of variable factors to
equate them as closely as possible to the official
figures for Canada . The official figures for Canada
are as follows : Canada has a land area of 3,852,000
sq mi (9 973 000 km z), of which 292,000 sq mi
(756 000 km2) are covered by fresh-water lakes,
about 2,964,000 sq mi (7 674 000 km2) are mainland,
and 596,000 sq mi (1 543 000 km2) are composed
of islands .
It was expected that discrepancies between
calculated areas of map units from the Soil Map using
the Peel Coat method and those determined from
other sources would occur.
Correction factors were introduced to minimize
these discrepancies, particularly within the provinces
and settled areas below the 60th parallel, to about
-I- or - 2% . The major sources of discrepancies
arising in such a composite calculation for Canada
include :
1 . Discrepancies between the two calculations
based on inclusion or exclusion of many
hundreds or thousands of small lakes, and
from irregularity in mapping indented water
bodies. Many of these will be shown on one
type of map and omitted or generalized
on another .
2 . The size and shapes of map features including
coastline and shapes of northern Arctic
islands, which vary for different map
projections and are especially distorted in
shape and area in northern latitudes .
3 . Generalization in cartographic representation
from large scale to 1 :5,000,000 scale .
4 . Inability to check the accuracy of Peel Coat
or dot count methods of assessing irregular
areas, except by using correction factors
adjusted to known areas of defined topographic
boundaries .
5 . The compounding of percentage errors in
arriving at summation totals. The balance used
to weigh the Peel Coat recorded to five
decimal places, requiring the figures to be
rounded off to two decimal places .
PHYSIOGRAPHY
The map units are identified primarily within the
framework of physiographic regions and subdivisions
established by H.S . Bostock in the Physiographic
Subdivisions of Canada (3) and listed in Table 3 .
Further subdivisions have been indicated where they
are identifiable and have a local connotation . A
modal range of elevation of each map unit is given
in feet and metres above mean sea level (MSL) .

TABLE 1 . CORRELATION OF WORLD AND CANADIAN MAP UNITS
Symbols and classification FAO/UNESCO Map of Symbol s and classification Soil Map of Canada
North America Canadian section
J Fluvisols F2 Cumulic Regosol
Je Eutric Fluvisol F2 Cumulic Regosol
Jd Dystric Fluvisol F2 Cumulic Regosol
G Gleysols G Gleysolic soils
Ge Eutric Gleysol G2 Gleysol
Gd Dystric Gleysol G2 Gleysol
Gm Mollic Gleysol G1 Humic Gleysol
Gh Humic Gleysol G1 Humic Gleysol
Gx Gelic Gleysol G3 Cryic Gleysol
R Regosols F Regosolic soils
Re Eutric Regosol F1 Orthic Regosol
Rd Dystric Regosol F1 Orthic Regosol
Rx Gelic Regosol F3 Cryic Regosol
I Lithosols R Rockland
E Rendzinas A3 Black Chernozemic
T Andosols No Canadian units
TV Vitric Andosol E3 Dystric Brunisol and
D3 Humo-Ferric Podzol
z Solonchaks Saline Regosols and Gleysols
S Solonetz B Solonetzic soils
Sm Mollic Solonetz B1 Brown Solonetz
B2 Black Solonetz
B4 Black Solod
Sg Gleyed Solonetz Gleyed subgroups of 131, B2, and B4
K Kastanozems A1, A2 Brown and Dark Brown Chernozemic
Kh Haplic Kastanozem A2 Dark Brown Chernozemic
K1 Luvic Kastanozem A1, A2 Brown and Dark Brown Chernozemic
C Chernozems A3 Black Chernozemic
Ch Haplic Chernozemic A3 Black Chernozemic
Ck Calcic Chernozemic A3 Black Chernozemic
C1 Luvic Chernozemic A3 Black Chernozemic
M Grayzems A4 Dark Gray Chernozemic
B Cambisols E Brunisolic soils
Bd Dystric Cambisol E3 Dystric Brunisol
Be Eutric Cambisol E2 Eutric Brunisol
E1 Melanic Brunisol
Bx Gelic Cambisol E3 Cryic Dystric Brunisol
L Luvisols C Luvisolic soils
Lo Orthic Luvisol C1 Brunisolic Gray Brown Luvisol
La Albic Luvisol C1 Gray Brown Luvisol
C2 Gray Luvisol
P Podzols D Podzolic soils
Po Orthic Podzol D3 Humo-Ferric Podzol
0 Histosols H Organic soils
Oe Eutric Histosol H1 Fibrisol
Od Dystric Histosol H1 Fibrisol
Ox Gelic Histosol H3 Cryic Fibrisol

TABLE 1 . CORRELATION OF WORLD AND CANADIAN MAP UNITS-concl'd
Symbols and classification FAO/UNESCO Map of Symbols and classification Soil Map of Canada
North America Canadian section
Topographic Phases No symbol
a . Level to undulating
b . Rolling to hilly
c . Steeply sloping to mountainous
Textural Phases No symbol
1 . Coarse textured
2 . Medium textured
3 . Fine textured
Stony and Rocky Phases
Stony Phase : excessively stony, being too stony to permit cultivation (boulder and stone pavement) .
Rocky Phase : extremely rocky, having sufficient rock outcrop or insufficient depth of soil over rock to make
all use of machinery impracticable . The land may have some value for poor pasture or for
forestry . Rock outcrops are 10 ft (3 m) apart or less and cover more than 50% of the area .

TABLE 2 . AREA TOTALS FOR EACH SOIL ORDER, GREAT GROUP, AND SUBGROUP
Area (km 2) Area (sq mi) % of total land surface'
A1 BROWN CHERNOZEMIC
Orthic Brown 91 138 35,190
Grumic Brown 7 979 3,081
Solonetzic Brown 1 147 443
Total : Brown Chernozemic 100 264 38,714 1 .09
A2 DARK BROWN CHERNOZEMIC
Orthic Dark Brown 101 830 39,318
Grumic, Rego, and Orthic Dark Brown 6 589 2,544
Solonetzic Dark Brown 1 196 462
Eluviated and Solonetzic Dark Brown and Brown 767 296
Eluviated Dark Brown 702 271
Total : Dark Brown Chernozemic 111 084 42,891 1 .20
A3 BLACK CHERNOZEMIC
Orthic Black 145 138 56,040
Rego Black 37 844 14,612
Carbonated Rego Black 17 743 6,851
Total : Black Chernozemic 200 725 77,503 2 .18
A4 DARK GRAY CHERNOZEMIC
Orthic Dark Gray 56 201 21,700 0 .61
TOTAL : CHERNOZEMIC SOILS 468 274 180,808 5 .09
131 BROWN SOLONETZ 29 874 11,535 0 .32
B2 BLACK SOLONETZ 19414 7,496 0 .21
B4 BLACK SOLOD 23 312 9,001 0 .25
TOTAL : SOLONETZIC 72600 28,032 0 .79
C1
GRAY BROWN LUVISOL
Orthic Gray Brown Luvisol 13 930 5,382
Brunisolic Gray Brown Luvisol 32 827 12,687
Total : Gray Brown Luvisols 46 757 18,069 0 .50
C2 GRAY LUVISOL
Orthic Gray Luvisol 756 994 292,287
Dark Gray Luvisol 5 488 2,119
Total : Gray Luvisols 762 482 294,406 8 .30
TOTAL : LUVISOLS 809 279 312,475 8 .80
D3 HUMO-FERRIC PODZOL 2072958 800,401 22 .57
E1 ORTHIC MELANIC BRUNISOL 27 689 10,691 0 .30
E2 ORTHIC EUTRIC BRUNISOL 556 678 214,942 6 .06
E3 DYSTRIC BRUNISOL
Orthic Dystric Brunisol 359 304 138,733
Cryic Dystric Brunisol 22 928 8,853
Total : Dystric Brunisols 382 232 147,586 4 .16
TOTAL : BRUNISOLS 966 599 373,219 10 .52
F1 ORTHIC REGOSOL
Orthic Regosol 79 064 30,528
Saline Orthic Regosol 4 136 1,597
Total : Orthic Regosols 83 200 32,125 0 .90
F2 CUMULIC REGOSOL 36720 14,178 0 .39
F3 CRYIC ORTHIC REGOSOL 2157477 833,035 23 .50
TOTAL : REGOSOLS 2277397 879,338 24 .80
G1 ORTHIC HUMIC GLEYSOL 34989 13,510 0 .38
G2 ORTHIC GLEYSOL 140502 54,250 1 .52
G3 CRYIC GLEYSOL 37711 14,561 0 .41
TOTAL : GLEYSOLS 213 202 82,321 2 .32
H1 FIBRISOL 384802 148,578 4 .19
H3 CRYIC FIBRISOL 542 633 209,519 5 .91
TOTAL : FIBRISOLS (ORGANIC) 927435 358,097 10.10
R ROCKLAND 1375649 531,159 14 .97
' Percentages are based on the actual land surface of Canada and exclude the area of freshwater lakes, some 292,000 sq mi (756 280 km=) . The land surface
area calculated from the Soil Map of Canada is 3,545,850 sq mi (9 180 926 km=) as compared with the official figures of 3,560,000 sq mi (9 240 000 km z),
an error of 0 .4% .

TABLE 3 . PHYSIOGRAPHIC CORRELATION
REGIONS
KAZAN REGION
DAVIS REGION
HUDSON REGION
JAMES REGION
LAURENTIAN REGION
REGIONS
INNUITIAN REGION
ARCTIC LOWLANDS
ARCTIC COASTAL
PLAIN
SHIELD
DIVISIONS
Boothia Plateau
Coronation Hills
Bathurst Hills
Bear-Slave Upland
Back Lowland
Wager Plateau
Thelon Plain
East Arm Hills
Kazan Upland
Athabasca Plain
Baffin Coastal Lowland
Davis Highlands
Baffin Upland
Hall Upland
Frobisher Upland
Melville Plateau
Labrador Highlands
George Plateau
Whale Lowland
Southampton Plain
Hudson Bay
Belcher Islands
Richmond Hills
Hudson Bay Lowland
Severn Upland
Nipigon Plain
Port Arthur Hills
Abitibi Upland
Cobalt Plain
Penokean Hills
Eastmain Lowland
Larch Plateau
Povungnituk Hills
Sugluk Plateau
Labrador Hills
Kaniapiskau Plateau
Lake Plateau
Mistassini Hills
Laurentian Highlands
Hamilton Upland
Hamilton Plateau
Melville Plain
Mealy Mountains
Mecatina Plateau
BORDERLANDS
DIVISIONS
Grantland Mountains
Axel Heiberg Mountains
Eureka Upland
Victoria and Albert Mountains
Sverdrup Lowland
Parry Plateau
Victoria Lowland
Shaler Mountains
Lancaster Plateau
Boothia Plain
Foxe Plain
Island Coastal Plain
Mackenzie Delta
Yukon Coastal Plain
REGIONS
INTERIOR PLAINS
ST. LAWRENCE
LOWLANDS
APPALACHIAN
REGION
PORCUPINE
MOUNTAIN AREA
MACKENZIE
MOUNTAIN AREA
ROCKY MOUNTAIN
AREA
BORDERLANDS continued
DIVISIONS
Anderson Plain
Horton Plain
Peel Plain
Peel Plateau
Colville Hills
Great Bear Plain
Great Slave Plain
Alberta Plateau
Fort Nelson Lowland
Peace River Lowland
Alberta Plain
Cypress Hills
Saskatchewan Plain
Missouri Coteau
Manitoba Plain
Manitoba Escarpment
West St . Lawrence Lowland
Central St. Lawrence Lowland
East St. Lawrence Lowland
Anticosti Island
Mingan Islands
Newfoundland Coastal
Lowland
Newfoundland Highlands
Newfoundland Central Lowland
Atlantic Uplands of
Newfoundland
Nova Scotia Highlands
Annapolis Lowland
Atlantic Uplands of Nova Scotia
Maritime Plain
New Brunswick Highlands
Chaleur Uplands
Notre Dame Mountains
Megantic Hills
Sutton Mountains
Eastern Quebec Uplands
CORDILLERAN REGION
EASTERN SYSTEM
Richardson Mountains
Porcupine Plateau
Old Crow Plain
Eagle Plain
Porcupine Ranges
Keele Range
Nahoni Range
Taiga Ranges
Wernecke Mountains
Mackenzie Mountains
Backbone Ranges
Canyon Ranges
Mackenzie Plain
Franklin Mountains
Liard Plateau
Rocky Mountain Foothills
Northern Rocky Mountains
Muskwa Ranges
Southern Rocky Mountains
Hart Ranges
Continental Ranges

TABLE 3 . PHYSIOGRAPHIC CORRELATION -concl'd
INTERIOR SYSTEM
WESTERN SYSTEM
REGIONS DIVISIONS Coast Mountains
Boundary Ranges
BROOKS RANGE British Mountains Kitimat Ranges
AREA Old Crow Range COAST MOUNTAIN Pacific Ranges
AREA Cascade Mountains
Ogilvie Mountains Skagit Ranges
Yukon Plateau Hozameen Ranges
Tintina Trench Okanagan Ranges
NORTHERN PLATEAU Shakwak Trench
AND MOUNTAIN Pelly Mountains Hecate Lowland
AREA Selwyn Mountains Georgia Lowland
Hyland Plateau COASTAL LOWLANDS Fraser Lowland
Liard Plain
Queen Charlotte Lowland
Nahwitti Lowland
Stikine Plateau Nanaimo Lowland
Cassiar Mountains
CENTRAL PLATEAU Skeena Mountains St. Elias Mountains
AND MOUNTAIN Omineca Mountains Kluane Ranges
AREA Nass Basin OUTER MOUNTAIN Icefield Ranges
Hazelton Mountains AREA Queen Charlotte Ranges
Northern Rocky Mountain Trench
Interior Plateau
Vancouver Island Ranges
Estevan Coastal Plain
SOUTHERN PLATEAU Fraser Basin
AND MOUNTAIN Columbia Mountains
AREA Columbia Highlands
Southern Rocky Mountain
Trench
10
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i_ ~--
~ . s,onw~s- -
'~
1 ~ ',e,~n~d\V(~ G ~//J
', L/"1VRi1[II ~V~1\IIII///IRILY/ . .11\\K/I/,/e /%./IRi\\H~, II~'L1/~/~u . 111 Ill//./9/

SOIL CLIMATE
The soil climate of each map unit is broadly identified
primarily for the regionally well-drained sites in terms
of soil temperature class and unsaturated moisture
subclass . Where significant areas of poorly drained
soils are known to occur within the map unit an
estimate is also given for the saturated or Aquic
moisture subclass .
See the section of the Soil Report dealing with Soil
Climates of Canada for an explanation of climatic
classes and subclasses and the accompanying soil
climatic maps and diagrams . Tables 4 and 5 give
the general characteristics of the temperature classes
and moisture subclasses used for the soil climatic
maps of Canada . Table 6 provides a summary of
the extent of each climatic class and subclass in
Canada and the percentages of the land area
they represent .
LANDSCAPE : TOPOGRAPHY
AND LANDFORM
Each map unit is given a topographic description
within three broad groupings : dominantly level to
undulating ; dominantly rolling to hilly ; and
dominantly steeply sloping to mountainous . The
generalized composition of these broad groupings in
terms of the more precise slope classes as used in
the Canadian classification system are given in
Table 7 . Table 8 provides area totals for the various
topographic classes that occur within each soil
order, great group, and subgroup .
In the absence of an authorized terminology and
classification of landforms for use by the Canada Soil
Survey Committee, landforms are described in
generalized terms of genetic landscape pattern using
current terminology . See the American Geological
Institute's Dictionary of Geological Terms (4) and
the Canada Department of Agriculture's Glossary of
Terms in Soil Science (5) for definitions of
terms used .
TEXTURE AND CHARACTER
OF PARENT MATERIAL
The texture and characteristics of the dominant
parent materials occurring within each unit are
described within a generalized family textural class,
as sandy, loamy, or clayey and by descriptive
terminology of the composition and mode of origin
of the parent material . Reference can be made to the
System of Soil Classification for Canada (2) for
many of the criteria used for these descriptions . Table
9 provides area totals for the various textural classes
that occur within each soil order, great group,
and subgroup .
VEGETATION AND LAND USE
A generalized assessment of each map unit has been
made in terms of the occurrence of natural or
disturbed vegetation and present land use . The
broad assessments are derived from a variety of
sources, some supported by a reasonable amount of
recorded observation, and many inferred from local
observations or aerial photo interpretations .
See the section on vegetation in the Soil Report
for general reference and descriptive terminology for
vegetation . The system of classification for present
land use developed for the Canada Land Inventory
(6) has been largely followed with additional
categories for wildlife and outdoor recreation .
Description of the land use terminology used is given
in Table 10 and a guide to the general combinations
of vegetational and land use grouping used in the
Inventory is given in Table 11 .
GEOGRAPHIC GRID REFERENCE
A grid reference is given to indicate the location of
each soil map unit on the Soil Map of Canada .
The grid reference divides Canada into quadrangles
each four latitude by four longitude . Each quadrangle
is identified by a letter indicating the latitudinal
band, and a number indicating the longitudinal zone .
REFERENCE : SOURCE
AND RELIABILITY
The source of soil information is indicated first by
reference to the province or territory of Canada in
which the soil map unit is found, and secondly the
reliability of information indicated in terms referring
to whether it has been obtained from reconnaissance
or detailed soil surveys, from exploratory soil
surveys, or from schematic interpretations .

REFERENCES
1 . Dudal R . 1968 . Definitions of soil units for the soil map of the world . FAO/UNESCO World Soil Resource
Report No . 33, Rome .
2 . Canada Department of Agriculture . 1970 . The system of soil classification for Canada . Can . Dep . Agric .
Publ . 1455 . Information Canada, Ottawa . 249 pp .
3 . Bostock H .S . 1970. Physiographic regions of Canada . Map 1254A, Geology and Economic Minerals
of Canada, Maps and Charts . Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa .
4. American Geological Institute . 1962 . Dictionary of geological terms . Dolphin Books, Doubleday and Co .
Inc ., Garden City, New York . 545 pp.
5 . Canada Department of Agriculture . 1972 . Glossary of terms in soil science . Can . Dep . Agric . Publ . 1459 .
66 pp .
6. Department of Regional Economic Expansion . 1970 . The Canada Land Inventory : Objectives, Scope,
and Organization . Report No . 1, 2nd ed ., Queens Printer, Ottawa . 61 pp .

TABLE 4 . GENERALIZED CHARACTERISTICS OF TEMPERATURE CLASSES USED FOR
THE SOIL CLIMATE MAPS OF CANADA AND NORTH AMERICA
1 . ARCTIC
Extremely Cold
* * Mean annual soil temperature < 20°F ( < - 7°C)
* * Mean summer soil temperature - 41 °F (~! 5°C), < 15 days
- Thermal period > 59°F (> 15°C), none
Regions in this class have continuous permafrost usually within a depth of 3 ft (1 m) .
2 . SUBARCTIC
Very Cold
* * Mean annual soil temperature 20 to < 36°F (- 7 to < 2°C)
* * Mean summer soil temperature 41 to < 47°F (5 to 5'C) ; 120 to 220 days
* Growing season degree-days >_ 41 °F, 1,000 to < 2,250 ( >_ 5°C, 555 to < 1250)
- Thermal period _> 59°F ( > 15°C), no significant days
- Thermal period degree-days >_ 59°F, < 60 ( >- 15°C, < 33)
Soils with aquic regions may remain frozen for portions of the growing season . Organic soils having
discontinuous or localized permafrost should be classified in 2 .
3 .1 Cold
* Growing season > 41'F (> 5°C), 120 to 180 days
* Growing season degree-days > 41 °F, 1,000 to < 2,000 (~! 5°C, 555 to < 1110)
3.2 Moderately Cold
* Growing season >_ 41 °F ( >_ 5°C), < 220 days
" Growing season degree-days >- 41 °F, 2,000 to < 2,250 (~! 5°C, 1110 to < 1250)
4 . BOREAL
Cool to Moderately Cool
* * Mean annual soil temperature 41 to < 47°F (5 to < 8°C)
* * Mean summer soil temperature 59 to < 65°F (15 to < 18°C)
* Growing season >_ 41'F Q! 5°C), 170 to < 220 days
* Growing season degree-days >_ 41 °F, 2,250 to < 3,100 (>- 5°C, 1250 to < 1720)
- Thermal period >- 59°F (~! 15°C), < 120 days
- Thermal period degree-days > 59°F, 60 to 400 (>_ 15°C, 33 to 222)
4.1 Cool
* Growing season >_ 41 °F (~! 5°C), > 170 days
* Growing season degree-days >_ 41'F, 2,250 to < 2,500 (~! 5°C, 1250 to < 1388)
- Thermal period > 59°F (~! 15°C), < 60 days
4.2 Moderately Cool
* Growing season > 41 °F ( >_ 5°C), < 220 days
* Growing season degree-days >_ 41 °F, 2,500 to < 3,100 (~! 5°C, 1388 to < 1720)
- Thermal period > 59°F ( >- 15°C), < 120 days
" Primary classifierfor class ; in accordance with criteria established for the FAO/UN ESCO Soil Climate Map of North America, measured at a depth of 50 cm .
' Secondary classifier for Soil Climate Map of Canada .
- Supplementary information .
13

TABLE 4 . GENERALIZED CHARACTERISTICS OF TEMPERATURE CLASSES USED FOR
THE SOIL CLIMATE MAPS OF CANADA AND NORTH AMERICA-concl'd
5 . MESIC
Mild to Moderately Warm
"" Moan annual soil temperature 47 to < 59°F (8 to < 15°C)
'" Mean summer soil temperature 59 to < 72°F (15 to < 22°C)
" Growing season > 41 °F ( > 5°C), 200 to 365 days
" Growing season degree-days >_ 41'F, 3,100 to 5,000 (> 5°C, 1720 to 2775)
- Thermal period _> 59°F ( >_ 15°C), < 180 days
- Thermal period degree-days > 59°F, 300 to 1,200 (> 16°C, 167 to 666)
5.1 Mild
"
Growing season >_ 41'F (~! 5°C), 200 to 240 days
Growing season degree-days _> 41'F, 3,100 to 4,000 ( > 5°C, 1720 to 2220)
Thermal period >_ 59°F (~! 15°C), < 120 days
5.2 Moderately Warm
' Growing season >_ 41'F (~! 5°C), > 240 days
' Growing season degree-days >_ 41 °F, 4,000 to 5,000 ( >_ 5°C, > 2220 to 2775)
- Thermal period >_ 59°F (~! 15°C), < 180 days
6 . THERMIC
Moderately Warm to Warm
"* Mean annual soil temperature 59 to < 72°F (15 to < 22°C)
This region does not occur in Canada .
7 . HYPERTHERMIC
Very Warm to Hot
'" Mearn annual soil temperature >_ 72°F ( >_ 22°C)
This region does not occur in Canada .
14
r~ ~~ \\~,``\\,

TABLE 5. GENERALIZED CHARACTERISTICS OF MOISTURE REGIMES AND SUBCLASSES
USED FOR THE SOIL CLIMATE MAPS OF CANADA AND NORTH AMERICA
AQUIC REGIME
Soil is saturated for significant periods of the growing season .
a Peraquic Soil saturated for very long periods . Groundwater level at or within capillary reach of
the surface .
b Aquic Soil saturated for moderately long periods .
C Subaquic Soil saturated for short periods .
MOIST UNSATURATED REGIME
Varying periods and intensities of water deficits during the growing season .
d Perhumid
e Humid
**
**
Soil moist all year, seldom dry .
No significant water deficits in the growing season . Water deficits 0 - < 1 in .
(< 2 .5 cm) . Climatic Moisture Index (CMI) > 84 .
Soil not dry in any part for as long as 90 consecutive days in most years .
Very slight deficits in the growing season . Water deficits 1 - < 2.5 in . (2 .5
- < 6.4 cm) .
C M I 74-84 .
f Subhumid * * Soil dry in some parts when soil temperature is > 41'F ( >_ 5°C) in some years .
* Significant deficits within the growing season .
Water deficits 2 .5 - < 5.0 in . (6 .4 - < 12 .7 cm) . CMI 59-73 .
g Semiarid
. .
Soil dry in some parts when soil temperature is >- 41 °F ( > 5°C) in most years.
Moderately severe deficits in the growing season . Water deficits 5.0 - < 7 .5 in .
(12.7 - < 19 .1 cm) . CMI 46-58 .
h Subarid * * Soil dry in some or all parts most of the time when the soil temperature is >_ 41 °F
(> 5°C) . Some periods as long as 90 consecutive days when the soil is moist .
* Severe growing season deficits . Water deficits 7 .5 - < 15 in . (19 .1 - 38 .1 cm) in
BOREAL and CRYOBOREAL classes, 7 .5 - < 20 in . (19 .1 - < 50 .8 cm) in MESIC
or warmer classes . CMI 25-45 .
j Arid * * Soil dry in some or all parts most of the time when soil is >- 41 °F ( >_ 5°C) . No period as
long as 90 consecutive days when the soil is moist .
* Very severe growing season deficits . Water deficits >- 15 in . ( >_ 38 .1 cm) in BOREAL
and >_ 20 in . (> 50 .8 cm) in MESIC or warmer classes. CMI < 25 .
x Xeric Soil dry in all parts 45 consecutive days or more within the 4-month period (July
to October) after the summer solstice in more than 6 years out of 10 .
Soil moist in all parts for 45 consecutive days or more within the 4-month period
(January to April) after the winter solstice in more than 6 years out of 10 .
Arid and Xeric subclasses are not believed to occur extensively in Canada, but may be found in local areas
of microclimate .
CMI - Climatic moisture index is an expression of the percentage contribution of growing-season precipitation
to the total amount of water required by a crop if lack of water is not to limit its production .
" Primary classifier for subclass ; in accordance with criteria established for the FAO/UNESCO Soil Climate Map of North America .
' Secondary classifier for Soil Climate Map of Canada .

TABLE 6 . EXTENT OF SOIL TEMPERATURE CLASSES AND MOISTURE SUBCLASSES IN CANADA, SQ MI (KMa)
Soil temperature classes
1 2 2-3 .1 3 .1 3 .1-2 3.1-3.2 3 .2 3.2-3 .1
d 29,911 24,890 185,636 30,815 311,777
(77440) (64 440) (480 612) (79780) (807 191)
de 251
(650)
e 1,065,615 547,133 156,973 260,556 5,916 35,388 1,933
(2758877) (1 416 527) (406 404) (674 579) (15317) (91 620) (5005)
ed
ef
32,262
(83526)
y
m f 30,515 U
.n
(79003)
2,757
(7138)
60,464
(156 541)
N fe 97,869 78,797 60,890 11,008 35,812 11,686 1,040
N
5 (253 833) (204 005) (157 644) (28500) (92717) (30255) (2693)
' N
o fg
25,655
E (66421)
'o g 513 11,946
(1328) (30928)
gf
gh
9
hg
Temperature 1,065,615 645,002 265,681 409,877 202,560 130,427 397,806 1,040
class total (2758877) (1 670 360) (687 849) (1 061 170) (524 429) (337 676) (1 029920) (2693)
% 30.05 18.20 7 .49 11 .56 5.71 3 .68 11 .22 0 .03

Moisture
3 .2-4 .1 4 .1 4 .1-3 .2 4.1-4 .2 4.2 4 .2-5 .1 5.1-4 .2 5 .1 subclass total %
24,962 40,698 5,741 12,897 16,597 10,179 694,023 19 .58
(64627) (105 160) (14863) (33390) (42970) (26353) (1 796826)
46,400 46,651 1 .31
(120 130)
(120 780)
1,923 276 2,746 14,325 2,200 18,922 2,113,906 59 .63
(4979) (715) (7109) (37087) (5696) (48989) (5472904)
2,437 87,099 89,536 2 .53
(6309) (225 499) (231 808)
1,784 34,046 0 .96
(4619) (88145)
753 14,395 2,150 142 4,624 115,800 3 .26
(1950) (37269) (5566) (368) (11 972) (299 807)
813 2,025 2,534 8,991 311,465 8 .78
(2105) (5243) (6561) (23278) (806 834)
1,173 26,828 0 .76
(3037)
(69458)
26,738 7,309 3,377 257 50,140 1 .41
(69225) (18923) (8743) (665) (129 812)
3,481 2,416 848 7,717 14,462 0 .41
(9012) (6255) (2195) (19979) (37441)
318 318 0 .01
(823)
(823)
17,224 7,426 18,210 1,677 44,537 1 .25
(44593) (19226) (47146) (4342) (115 306)
2,678 1,460 4,138 0 .11
(6933) (3778) (10711)
76,409 108,747 9,015 126,654 55,849 3,877 2,791 44,500 3,545,850 100.0
(197 824) (281 546) (23 339) (327 904) (144 593) (10038) (7226) (115 211) (9180655)
d 11
2 .15 3 .07 0 .25 3 .57 1 .58 0 .11 0 .08 1 .25 100.0

TABLE 7. TOPOGRAPHIC CLASSES
Soil Map of Canada Canadian Soil Classification System
and FAO/UNESCO - -
Soil Map of the World Single topography Complex topography
(North America) Slope ` Single slopes Multiple slopes Slope
1 :5,000,000 % (regular surface) (irregular surface) %
Dominantly level to 0 to 9% A Depressional to level a Nearly level 0 to 0 .5
undulating B Very gently sloping b Gently undulating 0 .5 + to 2
C Gently sloping c Undulating 2 -F to 5
D Moderately sloping d Gently rolling 5 -I- to 9
Dominantly rolling 9% to 30% slopes on E Strongly sloping e Moderately rolling 9 -I- to 15
to hilly 40% or more of area . F Steeply sloping f Strongly rolling 15 + to 30
The remainder is mainly
0 to 10% slopes .
Dominantly steeply Over 30% slopes on 10% G Very steeply sloping g Hilly 30 -I- to 60
sloping to mountainous or more of area so H Extremely sloping h Very hilly over 60
distributed as to seriously
affect land use .
18
,
/
~06,
. .
~~~~\ \~~l) ~ ~ . . ~l
t

TABLE 8 . AREA TOTALS FOR THE VARIOUS TOPOGRAPHIC CLASSES WITHIN EACH SOIL ORDER, GREAT GROUP, AND SUBGROUP, SO MI (KMz)
TOPOGRAPHIC CLASSES : a) DOMINANTLY LEVEL TO UNDULATING
b) DOMINANTLY ROLLING TO HILLY, 9-30%
c) DOMINANTLY STEEPLY SLOPING TO MOUNTAINOUS
A1 BROWN CHERNOZEMIC
Orthic Brown 16,894 18,296
(43738) (47368)
Grumic Brown 3,081
(7977)
Solonetzic Brown
443
(1147)
Total : Brown Chernozemics 20,418 18,296
(52862)
(47368)
A2 DARK BROWN CHERNOZEMIC
Orthic Dark Brown 23,970 5,577 9,771
(62058) (14439) (25297)
Grumic, Rego, and Orthic Dark Brown
Solonetzic Dark Brown
2,544
(6586)
462
(1196)
Eluviated and Solonetzic Dark Brown and Brown 296
(767)
Eluviated Dark Brown 271
(702)
Total : Dark Brown Chernozemics 27,543 5,577 9,771
(71 309) (14439) (25297)
A3 BLACK CHERNOZEMIC
Orthic Black 43,752 12,258
(113 274)
(31 736)
Rego Black 14,612
(37830)
Carbonated Rego Black 6,851
(17737)
Total : Black Chernozemics 65,245 12,258
(168 841) (31 736)

TABLE 8 . AREA TOTALS FOR THE VARIOUS TOPOGRAPHIC CLASSES WITHIN EACH SOIL ORDER, GREAT GROUP, AND SUBGROUP, SO MI (KM z)-cont .
TOPOGRAPHIC CLASSES : a) DOMINANTLY LEVEL TO UNDULATING
b) DOMINANTLY ROLLING TO HILLY, 9-30%
c) DOMINANTLY STEEPLY SLOPING TO MOUNTAINOUS
A4 DARK GRAY CHERNOZEMIC
Orthic Dark Gray
TOTAL : CHERNOZEMICS
a ab b bc c abc ac
18,117
(46905)
131,323
(339 917)
131 BROWN SOLONETZ 11,535
(29864)
B2 BLACK SOLONETZ 7,496
(19407)
B4 BLACK SOLOD 9,001
(23304)
TOTAL : SOLONETZICS 28,032
(72575)
C1 GRAY BROWN LUVISOL
Orthic Gray Brown Luvisol 5,382
(13922)
,577
(14439)
3,583
(9276)
43,908
(113 677)
Brunisolic Gray Brown Luvisol 11,817 870
(30606) (2252)
Total : Gray Brown Luvisols 17,199 870
(44528) (2252)
C2 GRAY LUVISOL
Orthic Gray Luvisol 140,791 149,769 1,736
(364 508) (387 752) (4495)
Dark Gray Luvisol 2,110
(5463)
Total : Gray Luvisols 142,901 149,769 1,736
(369 971) (387 752) (4495)
TOTAL : LUVISOLS 160,100 150,639 1,736
(414 499) (390 004) (4495)
D3 HUMO-FERRIC PODZOL
Orthic Humo-Ferric Podzol 98,916 96,745 522,578 14,303 67,470 389
(256 094) (250 473) (1352954) (37030) (174 680) (1007)

TABLE 8 . AREA TOTALS FOR THE VARIOUS TOPOGRAPHIC CLASSES WITHIN EACH SOIL ORDER, GREAT GROUP, AND SUBGROUP, SO MI (KMZ) -cont .
TOPOGRAPHIC CLASSES : a) DOMINANTLY LEVEL TO UNDULATING
b) DOMINANTLY ROLLING TO HILLY, 9-30%
c) DOMINANTLY STEEPLY SLOPING TO MOUNTAINOUS
E1 MELANIC BRUNISOL
a ab b bc c
Orthic Melanic Brunisol 10,259 432
(26561) (1118)
E2 EUTRIC BRUNISOL
Orthic Eutric Brunisol 43,447 1,741 77,615 5,139 87,000
(112 484) (4507) (200 945) (13305) (225 243)
E3 DYSTRIC BRUNISOL
Orthic Dystric Brunisol 9,128 848 118,278 2,047 8,432
(26632) (2195) (306 222) (5300) (21 830)
Cryic Dystric Brunisol
8,853
(22920)
Total : Dystric Brunisols 17,981 848 118,278 2,047 8,432
(49552) (2195) (306 222) (5300) (21 830)
TOTAL : BRUNISOLS 71,687 2,589 196,325 7,186 95,432
(185 597) (6702) (508 285) (18605) (247 073)
F1 ORTHIC REGOSOL
Orthic Regosol 7,122 23,406
(18439) (60598)
Saline Orthic Regosol 1,597
(4135)
Total : Orthic Regosols 8,719 23,406
(22574) (60598)
F2 CUMULIC REGOSOL 3,170 11,008
(8207) (28500)
F3 CRYIC ORTHIC REGOSOL 243,353 133 459,759 129,790
(630 041) (344) (1 190316) (336 026)
TOTAL : REGOSOLS 255,242 133 494,173 129,790
(660 822) (344) (1 279414) (336 026)
G1 HUMIC GLEYSOL
Orthic Humic Gleysol 13,510
(34977)
abc ac

TABLE 8 . AREA TOTALS FOR THE VARIOUS TOPOGRAPHIC CLASSES WITHIN EACH SOIL ORDER, GREAT GROUP, AND SUBGROUP, SO MI (KM Z)-cont .
TOPOGRAPHIC CLASSES : a) DOMINANTLY LEVEL TO UNDULATING
b) DOMINANTLY ROLLING TO HILLY, 9-30%
c) DOMINANTLY STEEPLY SLOPING TO MOUNTAINOUS
a ab b bc c
G2 ORTHIC GLEYSOL 48,628 1,595 4,026
(125 898) (4129) (10423)
G3 CRYIC ORTHIC GLEYSOL 14,005 556
(36259) (1439)
TOTAL : GLEYSOLS 76,143 1,596 4,582
(197134) (4132) (11862)
H1 FIBRISOL 123,121 25,457
(318 760) (65908)
H3 CRYIC FIBRISOL 205,574 3,945
(532 231) (10214)
TOTAL : ORGANIC 328,695 29,402
(850 991) (76122)
R ROCKLAND 195,252 37,904 100,091 80,633 117,279
(505 507) (98133) (259 136) (208 758) (303635)
abc ac

TABLE 9 . AREA TOTALS FOR THE VARIOUS TEXTURAL CLASSES WITHIN EACH SOIL ORDER, GREAT GROUP, AND SUBGROUP, SO MI (KM=)
TEXTURAL CLASSES : 1) SANDY, 2) LOAMY, 3) CLAYEY
A1 BROWN CHERNOZEMIC
Rockland Organic 1 1/2 2 2/3 3
Orthic Brown 2,307 32,104 779
(5973) (83117) (2017)
Grumic Brown
Solonetzic Brown
443
(1147)
3,081
(7977)
Total : Brown Chernozemics 2,307 32,547 779 3,081
(5973) (84264) (2017) (7977)
A2 DARK BROWN CHERNOZEMIC
Orthic Dark Brown 1,529 518 34,987 2,284
(3959) (1341) (90582) (5913)
Grumic, Rego, and Orthic Dark
Brown
2,544
(6586)
Solonetzic Dark Brown 157 305
(406) (790)
Eluviated and Solonetzic
Dark Brown and Brown
Eluviated Dark Brown
Total : Dark Brown Chernozemics 1,529 518 35,711 5,133
(3959) (1341) (92456) (13289)
A3 BLACK CHERNOZEMIC
Orthic Black 3,920 296 49,691 2,135
(10149) (766) (128 700) (5528)
Rego Black 9,788 4,823
(25350)
(12487)
Carbonated Rego Black
296
(766)
271
(702)
6,850
(17735)
Total : Black Chernozemics 3,920 296 66,329 6,958
(10149) (766) (171 726) (18015)
1/2/3 1/3

TABLE 9 . AREA TOTALS FOR THE VARIOUS TEXTURAL CLASSES WITHIN EACH SOIL ORDER, GREAT GROUP, AND SUBGROUP, SO MI (KMz)-cont.
TEXTURAL CLASSES : 1) SANDY, 2) LOAMY, 3) CLAYEY
A4
DARK GRAY CHERNOZEMIC
Rockland
Organic 1 1/2 2 2/3 3 1/2/3 1/3
Orthic Dark Gray 17,887 2,412 1,401
(46309) (6245) (3627)
TOTAL : CHERNOZEMICS 7,756 814 152,474 3,191 16,573
(20081) (2107) (394 755) (8262) (42908)
131 BROWN SOLONETZ 11,535
(29864)
B2 BLACK SOLONETZ 2,713 2,687 2,096
(7024) (6957) (5427)
B4 BLACK SOLOD 9,001
(23304)
TOTAL : SOLONETZICS 14,248 2,687 11,097
(36888) (6957) (28731)
C1 GRAY BROWN LUVISOL
Orthic Gray Brown Luvisol 230 5,092
(596) (13183)
Brunisolic Gray Brown Luvisol 492 9,645 2,561 49
(1274) (24971) (6630) (127)
Total : Gray Brown Luvisols 492 9,645 2,791 49 5,092
(1274) (24971) (7226) (127) (13183)
C2 GRAY LUVISOL
Orthic Gray Luvisol 212 10,498 224,778 19,278 20,699 16,882
(549) (27179) (581 950) (49910) (53610) (43707)
Dark Gray Luvisol 266 1,198 212 443
(689) (3102) (549) (1147)
Total : Gray Luvisols 478 11,696 224,990 19,278 21,142 16,882
(1238) (30281) (582 499) (49910) (54757) (43707)
TOTAL : LUVISOLS 970 21,341 227,781 19,278 26,234 16,882
(2512) (55252) (589 725) (49910) (67940) (43707)
D3 HUMO-FERRIC PODZOL
E1
Orthic Humo-Ferric Podzol 528,535 149,379 122,487
(1 368377) (386 742) (317 119)
MELANIC BRUNISOL
Orthic Melanic Brunisol 8,319 1,993 379
(21 538) (5160) (981)

TABLE 9 . AREA TOTALS FOR THE VARIOUS TEXTURAL CLASSES WITHIN EACH SOIL ORDER, GREAT GROUP, AND SUBGROUP, SO MI (KM2)-cont .
TEXTURAL CLASSES : 1) SANDY, 2) LOAMY, 3) CLAYEY
E2 EUTRIC BRUNISOL
Rockland O rganic 1 1/2 2 2/3 3 1/2/3 1/3
Orthic Eutric Brunisol 152,958 14,815 40,936 6,233
(396 008) (38356) (105 983) (16137)
E3 DYSTRIC BRUNISOL
Orthic Dystric Brunisol 105,802 30,629 1,489 813
(273 921) (79298) (3855) (2105)
Cryic Dystric Brunisol . 8,853
(22920)
Total : Dystric Brunisols 114,655 30,629 1,489 813
(296 841) (79298) (3855) (2105)
TOTAL : BRUNISOLS 267,613 14,815 79,884 3,482 7,425
(692 849) (38356) (206 819) (9015) (19223)
F1 ORTHIC REGOSOL
Orthic Regosol 26,066 591 3,871
(67485) (1530) (10022)
Saline Orthic Regosol 1,597
(4135)
Total : Orthic Regosols 26,066 591 5,468
(67485) (1530) (14157)
F2 CUMULIC REGOSOL 13,029 1,149
(33732) (2975)
F3 CRYIC ORTHIC REGOSOL 504,219 306,735 22,081
(1 305423) (794 137) (57168)
TOTAL : REGOSOLS 530,285 591 325,232 23,230
(1 372908) (1530) (842 026) (60143)
G1 HUMIC GLEYSOL
Orthic Humic Gleysol 3,401 9,552 557
(8805) (24730) (1442)
G2 ORTHIC GLEYSOL 1,159 2,194 3,890 47,007
(3001) (5680) (10071) (121 701)
G3 CRYIC ORTHIC GLEYSOL 1,350 4,349 8,862
(3495) (11 260) (22944)
TOTAL : GLEYSOLS 2,509 9,944 12,752 56,559 557
(6496) (25745) (33015) (146 431) (1442)

TABLE 9 . AREA TOTALS FOR THE VARIOUS TEXTURAL CLASSES WITHIN EACH SOIL ORDER, GREAT GROUP, AND SUBGROUP, SQ MI (KMz)-concl'd
TEXTURAL CLASSES : 1) SANDY, 2) LOAMY, 3) CLAYEY
Rockland Organic
H1 FIBRISOL 21,725
(56246)
H3 CRYIC FIBRISOL 66,325
(171 715)
TOTAL : ORGANIC 88,050
(227 961)
R ROCKLAND 125,164
(324050)
1 1/2 2 2/3 3 1/2/3 1/3

TABLE 10 . LAND USE
Nonagricultural (purposes)
Urban : Built-up Areas
Include : All compact settlements ; the built-up portions of cities, towns, and villages, including any
nonagricultural open space that forms an integral part of the urban agglomeration .
Mines, Quarries, Sand, and Gravel Pits
Land used now or in the past for the extraction of earth materials .
Outdoor Recreation
Agricultural
Land used for private or public outdoor recreation purposes . Include : Land occupied by summer
cottages and adjacent beach areas . The total area within the boundaries of national, provincial,
municipal, and private parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and historical sites .
Horticulture, Poultry, and Fur Operations
Land used for intensive cultivation of vegetables and small fruits . This includes market gardens,
nurseries, flower and bulb farms, and sod farms . Large-scale commercial fur and poultry farms are
also included because of their specialized agricultural nature .
Orchards and Vineyards
Cropland
Land used for the production of tree fruits, hops, and grapes .
Land used for annual field crops : grain, oilseeds, sugar beets, tobacco, potatoes, field vegetables,
associated fallow, and land being cleared for field crops .
Improved Pasture and Forage Crops
Land used for improved pasture or for the production of hay and other cultivated fodder crops,
including land being cleared for these purposes .
Rough Grazing and Rangeland
Woodland
(1) Rangeland : Areas of natural grasslands, sedges, herbaceous plants, and abandoned farmland
whether used for grazing or not . Bushes and trees may cover up to 25% of the area .
Intermittently wet hay lands (sloughs or meadows) are included, if utilized .
(2) Woodland grazing : In some grassy, open woodlands, bushes and trees may somewhat exceed
25% cover if the area is actively grazed and no other use dominates.
(i) Productive Woodland :
Wooded land with trees having over 25% canopy cover and over approximately 20 ft (6 m) in height.
Plantations and artificially reforested areas are included regardless of age .
Productivity will usually be over 30 cu ft/ac (2 m 3/ha) per year, and will include most forested lands
rated as Class 5 or better for Forestry in the Canada Land Inventory . Assuming a rotation age of
100 years, yields are usually greater than 25 cords/ac (224 m3/ha) for low productivity Class 5 land .
High productivity, Class 1, forest land in Canada can be expected to provide from 111 cu ft to over
190 cu ft/ac (7 .5 m3 to 13 m3/ha) per year .

TABLE 10 . LAND USE-concl'd .
(ii) Nonproductive Woodland :
Land with trees or bushes exceeding 25% crown cover, and shorter than approximately 20 ft (6 m) in
height . Much cutover and burned land is included .
Productivity will usually be less than 30 cu ft/ac (2 m3/ha) and often less than 10 cu ft/ac (0 .7 m3/ha)
per year and will include most lands classified as Classes 6 and 7 for Forestry in the Canada Land
Inventory . Yields are often less than 25 cords/ac (224 m3/ha) and usually 10 to 12 cords/ac
(90 to 107 m3/ha) .
Swamp, Marsh, or Bog
Includes open wetlands of all types, except those that frequently dry up and show evidence of
grazing or hay cutting .
Unproductive Land
Land that in its present state does not and will not support vegetation ; for example, eroded soil or
rock and active depositional features .
(i) Sand Flats, Dunes, and Beaches :
Land on which an exposed sand surface predominates . Includes all tracts of land on which bare sand
comprises over 75% of the total area .
(ii) Rock and Other Unvegetated Surfaces :
Rock barrens, badlands, eroded river banks, gravel bars, alkali flats, areas covered by slag dumps or
mine tailings . Includes all tracts of land on which bare rock or noncultivated bare earth comprises
over 75% of the total surface .
Water
Lakes, ponds, rivers, and other permanent water bodies large enough to be mapped .
TABLE 11 . VEGETATION AND LAND USE COMBINATIONS
Field crops
Horticultural crops
Vegetation
Grasses, forbs, shrubs
and Boreal Forest transition
Grasses and forbs
Grasses, forbs, and shrubs
Shrubs
Unspecified forest
Coniferous forest
Hardwood forest
Mixed forest
None : barren or nearly barren
Tundra
Marsh, meadow bog
Swamp forest
28
Present land use
Cropland
Improved pasture and forage (cultivated)
Horticulture, including poultry, furs, orchards, and vineyards
Rough grazing and rangeland
Woodland grazing
Grassland grazing
Grassland grazing
Woodland grazing
Productive or nonproductive
Woodland grazing
Outdoor recreation
Urban build up
Mines, quarries, sand and gravel pits
Outdoor recreation
Rough grazing
Wildlife grazing

Fig . 1 . Geographic grid reference for location of map units .

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS
Map unit
INVENTORY OF THE SOILS OF CANADA
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant Physiography
> 40% area
2 Subdominant 1 Region
> 20% area Area 2 Division Soil climate
Symbol 3 Significant 3 Local subdivision
Canadian inclusions sq mi 4 Range of Temperature class
(FAO/UNESCO) 10-20% Phase (km2) elevation, ft (m) Moisture subclass
A1 Brown Chernozemic
A1 1 Orthic Brown 143 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
1 Chernozemic (370) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Kh1-1a) 3 Brown Solonetz 4 2,700-2,800
(820-850)
A1 1 Orthic Brown 143 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
2 Chernozemic (370) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Kh1-1a) 4 2,400-2,600
(730-790)
A1 1 Orthic Brown 498 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
3 Chernozemic (1 290) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Kh1-1a)
4 2,400-2,500
(730-760)
A1 1 Orthic Brown 99 1 Interior Plains 4 .2 Boreal,
4 Chernozemic (256) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cool
(Kh1-1a) 2 Orthic Regosol 4 2,400-2,500 h Subarid
(730-760)
A1 1 Orthic Brown 320 1 Interior Plains 4 .2 Boreal,
5 Chernozemic (829) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cool
(Kh1-1a) 4 2,400-2,600 h Subarid
(730-790)
A1 1 Orthic Brown 266 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
7 Chernozemic (689) 2 Saskatchewan h Subarid
(Kh1-2a) 3 Dark Brown Plain
Chernozemic 4 1,500-1,950
(460-590)
A1 1 Orthic Brown 281 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
8 Chernozemic (728) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Kh1-2a) 4 2,100-2,300
(640-700)
A1 1 Orthic Brown 2,687 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
9 Chernozemic (6959) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Kh1-2a) 3 Old Wives Lake
Plain, Wood Mt .
Upland
4 2,200-2,600
(670-790)
A1 1 Orthic Brown 1,578 1 Cordilleran 4.2-5 .1
10 Chernozemic (4087) 2 Interior Plateau Boreal,
(Kh1-2a) 3 Orthic Dark Thompson Plateau moderately cool
Brown 3 Fraser-Thompson to Mesic, mild
Chernozemic River Valley h Subarid
Orthic Black
4 1,000-2,000
Chernozemic (300-610)
A1 1 Orthic Brown 5,912 1 Interior Plains 4.2 Boreal,
11 Chernozemic (15311) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cool
(Kh1-2b) 3 Big Stick Lake h Subarid
Plain
4 2,300-2,600
(700-790)

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS - cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
A1 1 Orthic Brown 779 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
12 Chernozemic (2017) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Kh1-2/3a)
3 Old Wives Lake
Plain
4 2,200-2,600
(670-790)
A1 1 Grumic Brown 1,779 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
13 Chernozemic (4607) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Kh1-3a) 2 Orthic Brown 3 Snipe Lake Plain
Chernozemic
4 2,100-2,300
(640-700)
A1 1 Grumic Brown 543 1 Interior Plains 4 .2 Boreal,
14 Chernozemic (1406) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cool
(Kh1-3a) 2 Orthic Brown 3 Big Stick Lake h Subarid
Chernozemic Plain
4 2,000-2,250
(610-680)
A1 1 Grumic Brown 276 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
15 Chernozemic (715) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Kh1-3a) 2 Orthic Brown 3 Snipe Lake Plain
Chernozemic
4 2,100-2,300
(640-700)
A1 1 Grumic Brown 483 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
16 Chernozemic (1 251) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Kh1-3a) 2 Orthic Brown 4 2,200-2,300)
Chernozemic
(670-700)
A1 1 Orthic Brown 1,104 1 Interior Plains 4 .2 Boreal,
17 Chernozemic (2859) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cool
(Kh8-1b) 2 Orthic Regosol 3 Big Stick Lake h Subarid
3 Rego Gleysol Plain
Orthic Gleysol 4 2,400-2,800
(730-850)
A1 1 Orthic Brown 4,468 1 Interior Plains 4 .1-4 .2
18 Chernozemic (11 572) 2 Alberta Plain Boreal, cool to
(Kh8-2b) 2 Orthic Regosol 3 Wood Mt . Upland moderately cool
3 Cumulic Regosol Frenchman River h Subarid
Plain
4 2,600-3,300
(790-1000)
A1 1 Orthic Brown 2,958 1 Interior Plains 4 .1-4 .2
19 Chernozemic (7661) 2 Alberta Plain Boreal, cool to
(Kh15-2b) 2 Solonetzic Brown 4 2,200-2,500 moderately cool
Chernozemic (670-760) h Subarid
3 Orthic Humic
G leysol
A1 1 Orthic Brown 1,272 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
20 Chernozemic (3294) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Kh15-2b) 2 Solonetzic Brown 3 Old Wives Lake
Chernozemic
Plain
3 Orthic Humic 4 2,200-2,600
Gleysol
(670-790)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating till & glacial Loamy & clayey, Field crops C 10 1 Saskatchewan
lake plain moderately (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
calcareous till &
lacustrine deposits
Level to gently Clayey, moderately Field crops C 9 1 Saskatchewan
undulating glacial lake calcareous (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
plain lacustrine deposits
Level to gently Clayey, moderately Field crops C 9 1 Saskatchewan
undulating glacial lake calcareous (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
plain
lacustrine deposits
Level to gently Clayey, moderately Field crops C 9 1 Saskatchewan
undulating glacial lake calcareous (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
plain lacustrine deposits
Undulating, shallow Clayey, moderately Field crops C 10 1 Saskatchewan
glacial lake plain calcareous (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
modified till &
lacustrine deposits
Moderately rolling Coarse fluvial Field crops C 9 1 Saskatchewan
outwash & glacial lake & fluvial lacustrine Rough grazing & 2 Soil survey
plain deposits rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Gently to moderately Loamy modified Rough grazing & C 9, 10 1 Saskatchewan
rolling glacial till plain till & alluvium rangeland (grasses, 2 Soil survey
& glacial channels forbs, shrubs)
Field crops
Gently to moderately Loamy, moderately Field crops (wheat, C 9 1 Saskatchewan
rolling morainic plain calcareous till mixed grains) Alberta
2 Soil survey
Gently to moderately Loamy, moderately Field crops (wheat C 10 1 Saskatchewan
rolling morainic plain calcareous till specialty) 2 Soil survey
Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
A1
21
(Kh1-2a)
A1
22
(KL29-2a)
A1
23
(KL17-2a)
A1
24
(KL17-2a)
A1
25
(Kh12-2b)
A1
26
(Kh12-2b)
A2 Dark Brown
Chernozemic
A2
30
(Kh1-2/1a)
A2
31
(Kh1-1ab)
A2
32
(Kh1-1 a)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% Phase
Area
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1
2
3
4
Region
Division
Local subdivision
Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
1 Orthic Brown 1,272 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
Chernozemic (3294) 2 Alberta Plain hg Subarid to
2 Orthic Dark 4 2,200-2,700 semiarid
Brown (670-820)
Chernozemic
1 Orthic Brown 2,145 1 Interior Plains 4 .2 Boreal,
Chernozemic (5555) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cool
2 Solonetzic Brown 3 Milk River Plain h Subarid
Chernozemic Frenchman River
3 Brown Solonetz Plain
4 2,800-3,500
(850-1060)
1 Orthic Brown 6,682 1 Interior Plains 4 .2 Boreal,
Chernozemic (17306) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cool
4 2,500-3,500 h Subarid
(760-1060)
1 Solonetzic Brown
Chernozemic
2 Orthic Brown
Chernozemic
443
(1 147)
1 Interior Plains
2 Alberta Plain
4 2,400-2,600
(730-790)
4.1 Boreal, cool
h Subarid
1 Orthic Brown 1,499 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
Chernozemic (3882) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
3 Orthic Humic 3 Missouri Coteau c Subaquic
Gleysol 4 2,200-2,500 inclusions
(670-760)
1 Orthic Brown 1,084) 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
Chernozemic (2807) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
2 Orthic Humic 3 Missouri Coteau c Subaquic
G leysol 4 2,000-2,500 inclusions
(610-760)
1 Orthic Dark 517 1 Interior Plains 3.2 Cryoboreal,
Brown (1 339) 2 Alberta Plain moderately
Chernozemic 4 2,200-2,400 cold
3 Eluviated Dark (670-730) 9 Semiarid
Brown
Chernozemic
Solonetzic Dark
Brown
Chernozemic
1 Orthic Dark 986 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
Brown (2554) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
Chernozemic 4 2,150-2,300 g Semiarid
3 Orthic Regosol (650-700)
1 Orthic Dark 173 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
Brown (448) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
Chernozemic 4 2,200-2,400 g Semiarid
(670-730)

Topography and
landform
hysical
haracteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating till & glacial Loamy, moderately Field crops (mixed C 9 1 Alberta
lake plain calcareous till grains) 2 Soil survey
& lacustrine deposits
Undulating till plain Loamy, moderately Field crops C 9, 10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous till Rough grazing & 2 Soil survey
rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Undulating till plain Loamy, moderately Field crops (irrigation, C 8,9 1 Alberta
calcareous till mixed crops) 2 Soil survey
Undulating till plain Loamy, moderately Field crops (irrigation, C 8 1 Alberta
calcareous modified mixed crops) 2 Soil survey
till
Moderately to strongly Loamy, moderately Field crops (wheat C10 1 Saskatchewan
rolling morainic plain calcareous till specialty) 2 Soil survey
Rough grazing (forbs,
shrubs)
Moderately to strongly Loamy, moderately Field crops (wheat C 9, 10 1 Saskatchewan
rolling morainic plain calcareous till specialty) 2 Soil survey
Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Very gently to gently Loamy to sandy, Field crops D 9 1 Alberta
undulating till plain moderately calcareous (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
till & fluvial
lacustrine deposits
Very gently to gently Sandy fluvial Field crops D 9 1 Alberta
undulating glacial lake lacustrine & aeolian (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
& aeolian sand plains deposits
Very gently to gently Sandy fluvial Field crops C 9 1 Alberta
undulating glacial lake lacustrine & aeolian (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
& aeolian sand plains deposits

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20%
Area
sq mi
Phase (km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
A2 1 Orthic Dark 370 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
33 Brown (958) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
(Kh1-lab) Chernozemic 4 2,100-2,300 g Semiarid
(640-700)
A2 1 Orthic Dark 813 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
34 Brown (2105) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
(KL4-2a) Chernozemic 3 Snipe Lake Plain g Semiarid
2 Solidic Dark 4 2,100-2,300
Brown (640-700)
Chernozemic
3 Eluviated Dark
Brown
Chernozemic
A2
35
(K16-3a)
A2
36
(Kh1-3a)
1 Orthic Dark
Brown
Chernozemic
3 Brown Solonetz
1 Orthic Dark
Brown
Chernozemic
755
(1 955)
1,528
(3957)
1 Interior Plains
2 Alberta Plain
4 2,700-2,900
(820-880)
1
2
Interior Plains
Alberta Plain
Saskatchewan
2 Grumic Rego
Plain
Dark Brown 3 Snipe Lake
Chernozemic Plateau
Saskatchewan
River Plateau
4 2,000-2,250
(610-680)
4 .1 Boreal, cool
g Semiarid
4 .1 Boreal, cool
g Semiarid
A2 1 Orthic Dark 1,622 1 Interior Plains 3.2 Cryoboreal,
37 Brown (4201) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
(Kh15-2a) Chernozemic 3 Snipe Lake g Semiarid
2 Eluviated Dark Plain
Brown 4 2,200-2,300
Chernozemic (670-700)
A2 1 Orthic Dark 2,027 1 Interior Plains 4.1 Boreal, cool
38 Brown (5250) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(Kh15-2a) Chernozemic Plain
2 Eluviated Dark 3 Souris River Plain
Brown Eden Wold Hills
Chernozemic 4 1,900-2,200
(580-670)
A2 1 Orthic Dark 7,926 1 Interior Plains 4.1 Boreal, cool
39 Brown (20527) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(Kh15-2a) Chernozemic Plain
2 Eluviated Dark 3 Assiniboine Plain
Brown 4 1,900-2,000
Chernozemic (580-610)

Physical characteristics
Reference
Topography and
Texture and
character of parent Vegetation and Geographic grid 1 Source
landform material land use reference 2 Reliability
Gently to moderately Sandy aeolian Field crops D 9 1 Alberta
rolling aeolian sand plain deposits (mixed grains) Saskatchewan
2 Soil survey
Undulating till plain Loamy, slightly to Field crops C, D 9 1 Saskatchewan
moderately calcareous (wheat specialty) Alberta
modified till 2 Soil survey
Very gently undulating Clayey, moderately Field crops C 8 1 Alberta
to gently rolling glacial calcareous lacustrine (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
lake plain deposits
Level to undulating glacial Clayey, moderately Field crops C 9, 10 1 Saskatchewan
lake plain calcareous lacustrine (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
deposits
Undulating shallow Loamy, moderately Field crops D 9 1 Saskatchewan
glacial lake bed calcareous till (wheat & small 2 Soil survey
& lacustrine deposits grains)
Undulating glacial till Loamy, moderately Field crops C 10, 11 1 Saskatchewan
plain calcareous till (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
Very gently to gently Loamy, moderately Field crops C 10 1 Saskatchewan
undulating till plain calcareous till (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
& lacustrine deposits

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20%
Area
sq mi
Phase (km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
A2 1 Orthic Dark 227 1 Interior Plains 4.1 Boreal, cool
40 Brown (588) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(Kh15-2a) Chernozemic Plain
2 Eluviated Dark 3 Assiniboine Plain
Brown 4 1,850-2,000
Chernozemic (560-610)
A2 1 Orthic Dark 646 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
41 Brown (1 673) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
(Kh15-2b) Chernozemic 4 2,200-2,500 g Semiarid
2 Eluviated Dark (670-760)
Brown
Chernozemic
A2 1 Orthic Dark 1,262 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
42 Brown (3268) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
(Kh15-2b) Chernozemic 3 Missouri Coteau g Semiarid
2 Eluviated Dark 4 2,400-2,600
Brown (730-790)
Chernozemic
A2 1 Orthic Dark 1,514 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
43 Brown (3921) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(Kh15-2b) Chernozemic Plain
2 Eluviated Dark 3 Allan Hills Upland
Brown 4 2,000-2,200
Chernozemic (610-670)
A2 1 Orthic Dark 373 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
44 Brown (966) 2 Alberta Plain g Semiarid
(Kh15-2b) Chernozemic 3 Missouri Coteau
2 Eluviated Dark Anerby Plains
Brown Beechy Hills
Chernozemic 4 1,900-2,500
(570-760)
A2 1 Orthic Dark 740 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
45 Brown (1 916) 2 Alberta Plain g Semiarid
(Kh15-2b) Chernozemic 3 Milk River Ridge
3 Eluviated Dark 4 3,500-4,500 '
Brown (1070-1370)
Chernozemic
A2 1 Orthic Dark 1,578 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
46 Brown (4087) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
(KL17-2b) Chernozemic 3 Neutral Hills g Semiarid
2 Eluviated Dark 4 2,400-2,900
Brown (730-880)
Chernozemic
A2 1 Orthic Dark 2,382 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
47 Brown (6169) 2 Alberta Plain g Semiarid
(KL17-2b) Chernozemic 3 Hand Hills,
2 Eluviated Dark Wintering Hills
Brown 4 3,300-3,500
Chernozemic (1000-1070)

Topography and
landform
Very gently to gently
undulating till plain
Physical characteristics
Gently to moderately
rolling hummocky moraine
and lake-modified till plain
Gently to moderately
rolling hummocky moraine
Rolling morainic
& lake-modified
ti!I plain
Moderately rolling
morainic plain
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Loamy, moderately Field crops C10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous till (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
Loamy, moderately Field crops D9 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous till (mixed crops) 2 Soil survey
& modified till
Loamy, moderately Field crops C9,10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous till (wheat specialty) D9,10 2 Soil survey
& modified till Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Loamy, moderately Field crops C10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous till with (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
local clayey lacustrine
deposits
Loamy, moderately Field crops C10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous till (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
Rolling morainic plain Loamy, moderately Field crops C8 1 Alberta
& eroded plateau calcareous till with (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
inclusions of tertiary Rough grazing
gravels & bedrock & rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Undulating to moderately Loamy, moderately Field crops C9 1 Alberta
rolling till plain calcareous till (mixed grains) D9 2 Soil survey
& modified till
Rolling morainic plain Loamy, moderately Field crops C8 1 Alberta
calcareous till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS -cont'd .
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant 1 Region
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% Phase
Area
sq mi
(km 2)
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
A2 1 Orthic Dark 318 1 Interior Plains 4.1 Boreal, cool,
48 Brown (823) 2 Alberta Plain gh Semiarid
( KL17-2b) Chernozemic 3 Sweet Grass Hills to subarid
2 Eluviated Dark 4 3,200-4,000
Brown (970-1220)
Chernozemic
A2
49
(KL26-2a)
1 Orthic Dark
Brown
Chernozemic
2 Solonetzic Dark
1 .755
(4545)
1 Interior Plains
2 Saskatchewan
Plain
3 Souris River Plain
4.2 Boreal,
moderately cool
g Semiarid
c Subaquic
Brown 4 1,900-2,150 inclusions
Chernozemic, (580-650)
Brown Solonetz
3 Orthic Humic
Gleysol
A2 1 Orthic Dark 473 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
50 Brown (1225) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(Kh8-2a) Chernozemic Plain
2 Saline Regosol 3 Assiniboine River
& Quill Lake
plains
4 1,750-1,900
(530-580)
A2 1 Orthic Dark 1,110 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
51 Brown (2875) 2 Alberta Plain hg Subarid to
(Kh8-2b) Chernozemic 3 Wood Mt. & semiarid
2 Orthic Brown Missouri Coteau
Chernozemic, Uplands
Orthic Regosol 4 2,150-3,000
(650-910)
A2 1 Orthic Dark 1,460 1 Cordilleran 5 .1-4 .1
52 Brown (3781) 2 Interior Plateau Mesic, mild to
(Kh10-2ab) Chernozemic 3 Thompson Boreal, cool
2 Orthic Black Plateau hg Subarid to
Chernozemic Okanagan semiarid
3 Orthic Dark Gray Highland
Chernozemic Okanagan Valley
4 1,000-6,000
(300-1830)
A2 1 Orthic Dark 2,663 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
53 Brown (6897) 2 Cypress Hills g Semiarid
(Kh18-2ab) Chernozemic 4 3,000-3,750 c Subaquic
2 Orthic Humic (910-1140) inclusions
Gleysol
A2 1 Orthic Dark 493 1 Interior Plains 4.1 Boreal, cool
54 Brown (1 277) 2 Alberta Plain g Semiarid
(Kh12-2b) Chernozemic 3 Missouri Coteau c ~Subaquic
2 Orthic Humic Castus Hills inclusions
Gleysol 4 2,150-2,850
(650-870)

Topography and
landform
Gently to moderately
rolling till plain
Undulating till plain
Level to undulating
till plain
Rolling, glacial uplands
with dissected plateaus,
alluvial plains, colluvial
fans
Gently to strongly rolling
till plain, valley train
terraces, & lake basins
Undulating to rolling
thinly glaciated upland
& dissected plateau
Moderately to strongly
rolling morainic plain
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
.
Loamy, moderately Rough grazing C9 1 Alberta
calcareous till & rangeland (grasses,
forbs shrubs)
Field crops
2 Soil survey
Loamy, moderately Field crops C 11 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous modified (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
till
Loamy, saline till Field crops C10 1 Saskatchewan
& glaciofluvial Rough grazing & 2 Soil survey
deposits rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Loamy, moderately Field crops C 10, 11 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous modified (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
till, modified bedrock, Rough grazing
alluvium, & colluvium & rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Loamy, moderately Field crops C7 1 British Columbia
calcareous till (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
& fluviolacustrine Rough grazing
deposits & rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Loamy loess, modified Field crops C9,10 1 Saskatchewan
till, & bedrock (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Loamy, moderately Field crops C10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous till (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
A2 1 Grumic Dark 2,544 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
55 Brown (6589) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(Kh12-3a) Chernozemic Plain c Subaquic
Orthic Dark 3 Regina & inclusions
Brown Assiniboine
Chernozemic River plains
Rego Dark Brown 4 1,875-1,975
Chernozemic (570-600)
2 Orthic Humic
Gleysol
A2 1 Solonetzic Dark 305 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
56 Brown (790) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(KL17-3a) Chernozemic Plain
2 Orthic Dark 3 Assiniboine River
Brown Plain
Chernozemic 4 1,800-2,000
(550-610)
A2 1 Eluviated Dark 271 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
57 Brown (702) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
(KL17-2a) Chernozemic 4 2,000-2,400 g Semiarid
2 Orthic Dark (610-730)
Brown
Chernozemic
3 Solonetzic Dark
Brown
Chernozemic
A2 1 Solonetzic Dark 157 1 Interior Plains 4 .2 Boreal,
58 Brown (407) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cool
(KL17-2a) Chernozemic Plain g Semiarid
2 Orthic Dark 3 Assiniboine River
Brown Plain
Chernozemic 4 1,800-1,900
(550-580)
A2 1 Eluviated Dark 296 1 Interior Plains 4.1 Boreal, cool
59 Brown (767) 2 Alberta Plain hg Subarid to
(KL17-2a) Chernozemic 3 Wood Mt. Upland semiarid
Solonetzic Dark Rock Glen
Brown Plateau
Chernozemic 4 2,500-3,000
2 Orthic (760-910)
Dark Brown
Chernozemic
A2 1 Orthic Dark 4,877 1 Interior Plains 4 .1-4 .2
60 Brown (12631) 2 Alberta Plain Boreal, cool to
(KL17-2a) Chernozemic 4 3,000-3,500 moderately cool
2 Eluviated Dark (910-1070) 9 Semiarid
Brown
Chernozemic

Physical characteristics
Texture and
Topography and character of parent
landform material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Level to gently undulating Clayey, moderately Field crops C10 1 Saskatchewan
lake plain calcareous lacustrine (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
deposits
Undulating lake Clayey, moderately Field crops C, D 10 1 Saskatchewan
& modified till plains calcareous modified (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
till & lacustrine
deposits
Level to gently undulating Loamy, moderately Field crops D 9 1 Alberta
& rolling till plain calcareous till (mixed crops) 2 Soil survey
Rough grazing &
rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Undulating till plain Loamy, moderately Field crops C 11 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous modified (wheat & mixed 2 Soil survey
till grains)
Level to undulating, thinly Loamy, slight to Field crops C 10 1 Saskatchewan
glaciated upland with moderately calcareous (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
dissected plateau modified till Rough grazing
& modified bedrock & rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Level to undulating till Loamy, moderately Field crops C 8 1 Alberta
plain calcareous modified (wheat, mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
till & glaciolacustrine Irrigation
deposits

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS -cont"d .
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant Physiography
> 40% area
2 Subdominant 1 Region
> 20% area Area 2 Division Soil climate
Symbol 3 Significant 3 Local subdivision
Canadian inclusions sq mi 4 Range of Temperature class
(FAO/UNESCO) 10-20% Phase (km2) elevation, ft (m) Moisture subclass
A2 1 Orthic Dark 631 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
61 Brown (1 634) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
(KL17-2a) Chernozemic 4 2,200-2,500) g Semiarid
2 Eluviated Dark (670-760)
Brown
Chernozemic
Solodic Dark
Brown
Chernozemic
A2 1 Orthic Dark 99 1 Cordilleran 4 .1-5 .1
62 Brown (256) 2 Interior Plateau Boreal, cool to
(Kh10-2ab) Chernozemic 3 Thompson Plateau Mesic, mild
2 Orthic Black Okanagan h Subarid
Chernozemic Highland
3 Orthic Brown 4 1,000-4,000
Chernozemic (300-1220)
I
A3 Black Chernozemic
A3 1 Orthic Black 1,213 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
70 Chernozemic (3141) 2 Saskatchewan cold
(Ch2-2a) 2 Solodic Black Plain f Subhumid
Chernozemic
4 2,200-2,300
3 Orthic Humic
G leyso
(670-700)
A3 1 Orthic Black 182 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
71 Chernozemic (471) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch2-1a) 3 Orthic Humic Plain f Subhumid
G leysol 4 1,200-1,500
(370-460)
A3 1 Orthic Black 3,738 1 Interior Plains 4i Boreal, cool
72 Chernozemic (9681) 2 Saskatchewan f Subhumid
(Ch2-1a) 2 Rego Black Plain
Chernozemic
4 1,500-1,700
3 Orthic Humic
G leysol
(460-520)
A3 1 Orthic Black 271 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
73 Chernozemic (702) 2 Saskatchewan cold
(Ch1-2a) Plain f Subhumid
4 1,700-1,900
(520-580)
A3 1 Orthic Black 3,270 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
74 Chernozemic (8469) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch1-2a) Plain f Subhumid
4 1,900-2,000
(580-610)
A3 1 Orthic Black 577 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
75 Chernozemic (1494) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch1-2a) Plain f Subhumid
3 Assiniboine River
Plain
4 1,950-2,150
(590-650)

Physical characteristics
Reference
Topography and
Texture and
character of parent Vegetation and Geographic grid 1 Source
landform material land use reference 2 Reliability
Level to undulating till Loamy, moderately Field crops C 9 1 Alberta
plain calcareous modified (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
glacial till
Rolling till plain & valley Loamy, weakly Field crops (mixed) C 7 1 British Columbia
train calcareous glacial till Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
& fluvial deposits & rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Level to undulating glacial Sandy to loamy Field crops (mixed) D 8 1 Alberta
lake plain glaciofluvial & till Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
deposits & rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Level to undulating lake Sandy, glaciofluvial, Field crops C 12 1 Manitoba
& sand plains & aeolian deposits (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Level to undulating glacial Sandy fluviolacustrine Field crops C 11, 12 1 Manitoba
lake plain deposits (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Undulating till plain Loamy, moderately Field crops D 9 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Undulating till & lake Loamy, moderately Field crops D 9, 10 1 Saskatchewan
plains calcareous till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
& lacustrine deposits
Undulating till plain Loamy, moderately Field crops C 11 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
& modified till

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20%
Area
sq mi
Phase (km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
A3 1 Orthic Black 513 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
76 Chernozemic (1 329) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(Ch1-2b) 4 2,100-2,400 f Subhumid
(640-730)
A3 1 Orthic Black 424 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
77 Chernozemic (1 098) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch12-3a) Plain f Subhumid
3 Indian Head Plain
4 1,925-2,050
(590-620)
A3 1 Orthic Black 296 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
78 Chernozemic (767) 2 Cypress Hills gf Semiarid to
(Ch1-1 /2a) 4 4,000-4,700 subhumid
(1 220-1 430)
A3 1 Orthic Black 577 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
79 Chernozemic (1494) 2 Alberta Plain f Subhumid
(Ch1-2a) 4 3,750-4,100
(1 140-1 250)
A3 1 Orthic Black 2,150 1 Cordilleran 4 .1-3 .2
80 Chernozemic (5568) 2 Rocky Mt . Boreal cool to
(Ch1-2b) Foothills Cryoboreal,
3 Continental moderately cold
Ranges f Subhumid
4 4,100-5,000
(1 250-1 520)
A3 1 Orthic Black 1,607 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
81 Chernozemic (4162) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
(Ch7-2b) 2 Eluviated Black 4 2,700-2,900 f Subhumid
Chernozemic (860-880)
A3 1 Orthic Black 1,109 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
82 Chernozemic (2872) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(Ch7-2b) 2 Eluviated Black 4 1,900-2,200 f Subhumid
Chernozemic (580-610)
3 Orthic Humic
Gleysol
A3 1 Orthic Black 612 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
83 Chernozemic (1 585) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(Ch7-2b) 2 Eluviated Black 4 2,100-2,300 f Subhumid
Chernozemic (640-700)
3 Orthic Humic
Gleysol
A3 1 Orthic Black 572 1 Cordilleran 3 .2-4 .1
84 Chernozemic (1 481) 2 Interior Plateau Cryoboreal,
(Ch8-2a) 2 Orthic Dark Fraser Basin moderately cold
Brown 3 Fraser Valley to Boreal, cool
Chernozemic 4 1,500-3,500 gf Semiarid to
(460-1 070)
subhumid

Physical characteristics
Reference
Topography and
Texture and
character of parent Vegetation and Geographic grid 1 Source
landform material land use reference 2 Reliability
Gently to moderately Loamy, moderately Field crops D 9 1 Saskatchewan
rolling till plain calcareous till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Level to gently undulating Clayey, moderately Field crops C 11 1 Saskatchewan
lake plain calcareous lacustrine (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
deposits
Undulating to gently Loamy, slightly to Rough grazing C 9 1 Saskatchewan
rolling, thinly glaciated moderately calcareous & rangeland (grasses, Alberta
upland & dissected till, loess, & modified forbs, shrubs) 2 Soil survey
plateau bedrock Field crops
(mixed grains)
Undulating till plain Loamy, moderately Rough grazing C 8 1 Alberta
calcareous glacial till & rangeland (grasses, 2 Soil survey
forbs, shrubs)
Gently to moderately Loamy, moderately Rough grazing C 8 1 Alberta
rolling till plain calcareous glacial till & rangeland (grasses, 2 Soil survey
forbs, shrubs)
Field crops
Gently to moderately Loamy, moderately Field crops C, D 8 1 Alberta
rolling till plain calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Rolling till plain Loamy, moderately Field crops D 9 1 Alberta
calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) Saskatchewan
Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Gently to moderately Loamy, slight to Field crops D 9 1 Alberta
rolling till plain moderately calcareous (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
glacial till Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Undulating to rolling till Loamy, moderately Rough grazing C 6 1 British Columbia
plain & outwash plain calcareous till & fluvial & rangeland (grasses, 2 Soil survey
deposits forbs, shrubs)

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% Phase
Area
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
A3 1 Orthic Black 695 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
85 Chernozemic (1 800) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch9-2a) 2 Orthic Dark Plain f Subhumid
Brown 3 Last Mt . Lake
Chernozemic
Plain
3 Low Humic 4 1,800-2,200
Eluviated Gleysol (550-670)
A3 1 Orthic Black 662 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
86 Chernozemic (1 714) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch10-2a) 2 Rego Black Plain f Subhumid
Chernozemic 4 1,500-1,700 c Subaquic
Orthic Humic (460-520) inclusions
G leysol
A3 1 Orthic Black 3,773 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
87 Chernozemic (9772) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch10-2a) 2 Rego Black Plain f Subhumid
Chernozemic 4 1,500-1,700 c Subaquic
Orthic Humic (460-520) inclusions
G leysol
A3 1 Orthic Black 1,153 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
88 Chernozemic (2986) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch10-2a) 2 Calcareous Black Plain f Subhumid
Chernozemic 3 Moose Mt. c Subaquic
3 Orthic Humic Uplands inclusions
G leysol 4 2,000-2,400
(610-730)
A3 1 Orthic Black 498 1 Interior Plains 4 .1-4 .2
89 Chernozemic (1290) 2 Saskatchewan Boreal, cool to
(Ch10-2a) 2 Rego Black
Chernozemic
Plain
3 Souris River f
moderately cool
Subhumid
3 Orthic Humic Plain
Gleysol
4 1,700-1,900
(520-580)
A3 1 Orthic Black 4,518 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
90 Chernozemic (11 701) 2 Saskatchewan f Subhumid
(Ch10-2a) 2 Calcareous Black Plain
Chernozemic
3 Souris &
3 Orthic Humic
Gleysol
Pembina River
plains
4 1,500-1,700
(460-520)
A3
91
1 Orthic Black
Chernozemic
1,134
(2937)
1 Interior Plains
2 Saskatchewan
3 .2 Cryoboreal,
moderately cold
(Ch10-2b) 2 Calcareous Black
Chernozemic
3 Orthic Humic
Plain
3 Moose Mt .
Upland
f
c
Subhumid
Subaquic
inclusions
Gleysol
4 2,000-3,000
(610-910)

Topography and
landform
hysical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating to gently Loamy, moderately Field crops C 10 1 Saskatchewan
rolling till plain calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Undulating glacial lake Loamy, moderately Field crops D10 1 Saskatchewan
plain calcareous lacustrine (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
deposits
Undulating till plain Loamy, moderately to Field crops C 11, 12 1 Manitoba
strongly calcareous till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Undulating till plain Loamy, moderately to Field crops C 11 1 Saskatchewan
strongly calcareous (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
glacial till
Level to undulating Loamy, moderately to Field crops C 11 1 Saskatchewan
modified till plain strongly calcareous (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
glacial till & fluvial
deposits
Gently rolling till plain Loamy, moderately to Field crops C 11, 12 1 Manitoba
strongly calcareous (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
glacial till
Gently to rolling till plain Loamy, moderately to Field crops C 10, 11 1 Saskatchewan
strongly calcareous (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
glacial till

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS-cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
A3 1 Orthic Black 1,651 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
92 Chernozemic (4276) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch13-2a) 2 Low Humic Plain f Subhumid
Eluviated 3 Quill Lake Plain c Subaquic
Gleysol 4 1,900-2,000 inclusions
(580-610)
A3 . 1 Orthic Black 2,540 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
93 Chernozemic (6578) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch13-2a) 2 Low Humic Plain f Subhumid
Eluviated 3 Assiniboine River c Subaquic
Gleysol Plain inclusions
4 1,900-2,100
(580-640)
A3 1 Orthic Black 1,194 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
94 Chernozemic (3092) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(Ch13-2b) 2 Low Humic 3 Thickwood 9 Subhumid
Eluviated Hills Upland c Subaquic
G leyso I 4 1,900-2,000 inclusions
3 Orthic Humic (580-610)
Gleysol
A3 1 Orthic Black 1,686 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
95 Chernozemic (4366) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch13-2b) 2 Low Humic Plain f Subhumid
Eluviated 3 Touchwood c Subaquic
G leysol Hills Upland inclusions
3 Orthic Humic 4 1,950-2,400
Gleysol (590-730)
A3 1 Orthic Black 1,795 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
96 Chernozemic (4649) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch13-2b) 2 Orthic Humic Plain f Subhumid
Gleysol 3 Pheasant Hills c Subaquic
3 Orthic Regosol Uplands inclusions
Qu'Appelle &
Assiniboine
valleys
4 1,500-2,000
(460-610)
A3 1 Orthic Black 631 1 Interior Plains 3.2 Cryoboreal,
97 Chernozemic (1634) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
(Ch2-3a) 3 Orthic Humic 3 Edmonton Laking fe Subhumid
Gleysol Basin to humid
4 2,200-2,300 c Subaquic
(670-700) inclusions
A3 1 Orthic Black 740 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
98 Chernozemic (1916) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(C12-3a) 3 Orthic Humic 3 Carrot River f Subhumid
Gleysol Lowland c Subaquic
4 1,450-1,550 inclusions
(440-470)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating till & glacial Loamy, moderately Field crops D 10 1 Saskatchewan
lake plain calcareous till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
& modified till
Undulating till plain Loamy, moderately Field crops C 10, 11 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Gently rolling till plain Loamy, moderately Field crops D 9, 10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous modified (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
glacial till Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Rolling morainic plain Loamy, moderately Field crops C 10, 11 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Rolling morainic plain Loamy, moderately Field crops C 11 1 Saskatchewan
& glacial valley calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) Manitoba
& alluvium Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Level to undulating lake
plain
Clayey, moderately
calcareous lacustrine
Field crops
(mixed grains)
D 8 1 Alberta
2 Soil survey
deposits
and forage
Urban city of Edmonton
Level to undulating plain Clayey, moderately Field crops D10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous lacustrine (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
deposits

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS-cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% hase
Area
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
A3 1 Orthic Black 340 1 Interior Plains 4 .2 Boreal,
99 Chernozemic (880) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cool
(C11-3a) 4 3,700-4,000 g Semiarid
(1130-1220)
A3 1 Orthic Black 257 1 Cordilleran, 5 .1-4 .2
102 Chernozemic (666) Southern Plateau Mesic, mild to
(Ch12-2a) 2 Orthic Dark Gray and Mountain Boreal,
Chernozemic Area moderately cool
2 Interior Plateau g Semiarid
3 Thompson
Plateau
Okanagan Valley
4 1,200-1,500
(370-460)
A3 1 Orthic Black 513 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
103 Chernozemic (1329) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(Ch12-2a) 2 Orthic Gray 3 Eagle Hills g Semiarid
Luvisol 4 2,200-2,400
(670-730)
A3 1 Orthic Black 458 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
104 Chernozemic (1 186) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Ch4-2b) 2 Orthic Gray Plain f Subhumid
Luvisol 3 Moose Mt .
4 2,500-2,750
(760-840)
A3 1 Rego Black Stony 848 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
105 Chernozemic (2196) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(E1-2a) 2 Orthic Humic 4 750-850 f Subhumid
Gleysol (230-260) c Subaquic
inclusions
A3 1 Rego Black Stony 4,587 1 Interior Plains 3.2 Cryoboreal,
106 Chernozemic (11 880) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(E1-2a) 2 Orthic Humic Saskatchewan f Subhumid
Gleysol Plain c Subaquic
4 800-1,500 inclusions
(240-460)
A3 1 Rego Black 4,823 1 Interior Plains 3 .2-4 .1
107 Chernozemic (12491) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(Ch11-3a) 2 Rego Humic 4 800-900 moderately cold
Gleysol (240-270) to Boreal, cool
f Subhumid
c Subaquic
inclusions
A3 1 Rego Black 3,600 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
108 Chernozemic (9324) 2 Saskatchewan f Subhumid
(Ch6-2a) 2 Calcareous Black Plain c Subaquic
Chernozemic 3 Assiniboine River inclusions
Orthic Humic Plain
Gleysol 4 1,600-2,000
(490-610)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Level to undulating till Clayey, moderately Field crops C8 1 Alberta
& lake plain calcareous modified till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
& lacustrine deposits Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Level to undulating plain
& valley
Loamy, moderately
calcareous till ;
Field crops
Rough
C7 1 British Columbia
2 Exploratory
lacustrine& fluvial grazing & rangeland
outwash
(grasses, forbs,
shrubs) Orchards
Gently to moderately Loamy, moderately Field crops D9,10 1 Saskatchewan
rolling till plain calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Rough grazing &
rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Moderately to strongly Loamy, moderately Field crops C11 1 Saskatchewan
rolling morainic plain calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Woodland grazing
Outdoor recreation
Nonproductive forest
woodland
Level to undulating Loamy, extremely Rough grazing C12 1 Manitoba
till plain calcareous, stony & rangeland (grasses, 2 Soil survey
glacial till overlying forbs, shrubs)
limestone bedrock Field crops (mixed)
Level to undulating Loamy, extremely Rough grazing C 11, 12 1 Manitoba
modified till plain calcareous, stony & rangeland (grasses, 2 Soil survey
glacial till ; overlying forbs, shrubs)
limestone bedrock Field crops
& fluvial deposits (mixed)
Nearly level lake plain Clayey, moderately to Field crops (mixed) C12 1 Manitoba
strongly calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
lacustrine deposits & forage
Nearly level to undulating Loamy, strongly Field crops C11 1 Saskatchewan
till plain calcareous glacial till (mixed) Manitoba
2 Soil survey

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
A3 1 Carbonated Rego 6,476 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
109 Black (16772) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Cc2-2a) Chernozemic Plain f Subhumid
2 Orthic Black 4 1,500-1,700 c Subaquic
Chernozemic (460-520) inclusions
Orthic Humic
Gleysol
3 Humic Eluviated
Gleysol
A3 1 Rego Black 754 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
110 Chernozemic (1953) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Cc3-2a) 2 Orthic Humic 3 Swan River Plain f Subhumid
Gleysol 4 1,100-1,500 c Subaquic
(330-460) inclusions
A3 1 Carbonated Rego 222 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
111 Black (575) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Cc3-2a) Chernozemic Plain f Subhumid
2 Orthic Humic 4 1,500-1,700 c Subaquic
Gleysol (460-520) inclusions
A3 1 Carbonated Rego 153 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
112 Black (396) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Cc3-2a) Chernozemic 4 900-1,100 f Subhumid
2 Orthic Humic (270-340) c Subaquic
Gleysol
inclusions
A3 1 Orthic Black 616 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
113 Chernozemic (1 595) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(Chi 0-2a) 2 Solonetzic Black 4 2,000-2,400 f Subhumid
Chernozemic (610-730)
3 Low Humic
Eluviated
Gleysol
Orthic Humic
G I eysol
A3 1 Orthic Black 13,799 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
115 Chernozemic (35738) 2 Alberta Plain Cryoboreal,
(CI-7-2a) 2 Eluviated Black 4 2,400-4,000 cold to
Chernozemic (730-1220) moderately cold
3 Humic Eluviated fg Subhumid
G leysol to humid
A3 1 Orthic Black 276 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
116 Chernozemic (715) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(CL10-2a) 2 Eluviated Black 4 2,100-2,300 f Subhumid
Chernozemic (640-700)
3 Low Humic
Eluviated Gleysol
Orthic Humic
Gleysol

Physical characteristics
Reference
Topography and
landform
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Nearly level to undulating
till & lake plain
Nearly level to undulating
till & glacial lake plain
Nearly level to undulating
till plain
Nearly level to undulating
till & lake plain
Undulating till plain
Undulating to gently
rolling till plain
Loamy, moderately Field crops (mixed) C 10, 11 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous, modified Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
glacial till
& rangeland (grasses,
& lacustrine deposits forbs, shrubs)
Loamy, moderately Field crops (mixed) D 11 1 Manitoba
calcareous till, Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
glaciofluvial & rangeland (grasses,
& lacustrine deposits forbs, shrubs)
Woodland grazing
Loamy, moderately to Field crops (mixed) C 12 1 Manitoba
strongly calcareous Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
till & rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Woodland grazing
Loamy, moderately to Field crops (mixed) C 12 1 Manitoba
strongly calcareous Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
modified till & rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Woodland grazing
Loamy, slightly to Field crops (mixed) D 9 1 Alberta
moderately calcareous Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
till & till modified & rangeland (grasses,
by shale forbs, shrubs)
Forest parkland
Loamy, moderately Field crops (mixed) C 8 1 Alberta
calcareous glacial till Rough grazing D 8, 9 2 Soil survey
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Forest parkland
Undulating to gently Loamy, moderately Field crops D 9 1 Alberta
rolling till plain calcareous till (mixed grains, 2 Soil survey
& lacustrine deposits forage)

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS -cont'd .
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant Physiography
> 40% area
2 Subdominant 1 Region
> 20% area Area 2 Division Soil climate
Symbol 3 Significant 3 Local subdivision
Canadian inclusions sq mi 4 Range of Temperature class
(FAO/UNESCO) 10-20% Phase (km2) elevation, ft (m) Moisture subclass
A4 Dark Gray
Chernozemic
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 424 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
119 Chernozemic (1 098) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Mo8-3a) 4 900-1,100 f Subhumid
(270-330)
A4
120
(Mo5-2a)
1 Orthic Dark Gray
Chernozemic
2 Dark Gray Luvisol
151
(391)
1 Interior Plains
2 Saskatchewan
Plain
3 .2
f
Cryoboreal,
moderately cold
Subhumid
3 Orthic Humic
3 Beaver Plain
Gleysol
4 1,650-1,750
Orthic Black
Chernozemic
(500-530)
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 231 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
121 Chernozemic (598) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Mo6-2a) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol Plain f Subhumid
3 Orthic Humic 3 Beaver Plain
Gleysol Makwa Plain
4 1,700-2,000
(520-610)
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 157 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoborea,
122 Chernozemic (407) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Mo6-2a) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol Plain f Subhumid
3 Orthic Humic 3 Beaver Plain
G leysol Goodsoil Plain
4 1,750-2,000
(530-610)
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 385 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
123 Chernozemic (997) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Mo6-2a) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol Plain f Subhumid
3 Orthic Humic 3 Beaver,
Gleysol Witchekan, &
Chitek plains
4 1,700-2,000
(520-610)
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 1,819 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
124 Chernozemic (4711) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Mo5-2a) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol Saskatchewan f Subhumid
Calcareous Dark Plain
Gray Chernozemic 3 Carrot River
3 Orthic Humic Lowlands
Gleysol 4 1,500-1,700
(460-520)
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 289 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
125 Chernozemic (748) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Mo6-2a) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol Plain f Subhumid
3 Orthic Humic 3 Assiniboine Plain
Gleysol 4 1,700-2,000
(520-610)

Topography and
landform
Nearly level to gently
undulating lake plain
Nearly level to undulating
till & lake plain
Nearly level to undulating
till & lake plain
Nearly level to undulating
lake & till plain
Nearly level to undulating
till & lake plain
Nearly level to undulating
plain
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Clayey, moderately Field crops C 12 1 Manitoba
calcareous lacustrine (mixed grains, 2 Soil survey
deposits forage)
Loamy, moderately Field crops D 9 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous modified (mixed grains 2 Soil survey
till & lacustrine & forage)
deposits
Loamy, moderately Field crops D 9 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous modified (mixed grains, 2 Soil survey
till & lacustrine forage)
deposits
Loamy, moderately Field crops D 9 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous alluvial (mixed grains, 2 Soil survey
lacustrine deposits forage)
Loamy, moderately Field crops D 10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous modified (mixed grains, 2 Soil survey
till & lacustrine forage)
deposits
Loamy, moderately Field crops D10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous alluvial and (mixed grains, 2 Soil survey
lacustrine deposits forage)
Nearly level to undulating Loamy, moderately Field crops C 11 1 Saskatchewan
till plain calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS-cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% Phase
Area
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 103 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
126 Chernozemic (268) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Mo4-2b) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol Plain f Subhumid
3 Turtle Mt.
4 2,000-2,300
(610-700)
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 532 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
127 Chernozemic (1378) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Mo6-3a) 2 Orthic Gray 4 800-950 fe Subhumid
Luvisol (240-290) to humid
3 Orthic Humic
Gleysol
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 1,578 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
128 Chernozemic (4087) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(Mo6-3/2a) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol 3 Upper Red Deer cold to
3 Peaty Orthic Plain moderately cold
Humic Gleysol 4 1,200-1,600 f Subhumid
(370-490)
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 2,727 1 Cordilleran 4.1-4 .2
129 Chernozemic (7063) Interior System Boreal, cool to
(Mo5-2b) 2 Orthic Gray 2 Interior Plateau moderately cool
Luvisol 3 Thompson gf Semiarid
3 Orthic Humic Plateau to subhumid
Gleysol
4 2,000-4,000
Orthic Black
Chernozemic
(610-1220)
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 2,397 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
130 Chernozemic (6208) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Mo3-2a) 2 Orthic Black Plain f Subhumid
Chernozemic 3 Assiniboine &
Rego Black Upper Swan
Chernozemic River plains
3 Orthic Humic 4 1,500-1,700
Gleysol (460-520)
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 2,120 1 Cordilleran 4 .1 Boreal, cool
131 Chernozemic (5490) Interior System gf Semiarid
(Mo9-2a) 2 Orthic Black 2 Interior Plateau to subhumid
Chernozemic Fraser Basin
Orthic Gray 4 2,000-3,000
Luvisol
(610-910)
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 445 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
132 Chernozemic (1 152) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(Mo2-3a) 2 Solodic Dark Gray Peace River f Subhumid
Chernozemic
Lowland
3 Orthic Humic
4 2,000-2,800
Gleysol
(610-850)

Topography and
landform
Rolling morainic plain
Nearly level to undulating
lake plain
Undulating till & lake
plain
Rolling till & modified
till plain
Undulating till & lake
plain
Undulating to gently
rolling till & lake
plain
Nearly level to undulating
till & lacustrine plain
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Loamy, strongly Field crops C 11, 12 1 Manitoba
calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Clayey, moderately Field crops C 12, 13 1 Manitoba
calcareous lacustrine (mixed grains, 2 Soil survey
deposits forage) Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Clayey to loamy, Field crops D 11 1 Saskatchewan
moderately calcareous (mixed grains, 2 Soil survey
modified till forage)
& alluvial lacustrine
deposits
Loamy, moderately Rough grazing C 6, 7 1 British Columbia
calcareous glacial till & rangeland (grasses, 2 Soil survey
& fluvial outwash forbs, shrubs) Exploratory
Loamy, moderately Field crops C, D 11 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous alluvial (mixed grains, Manitoba
lacustrine & modified forage) 2 Soil survey
till deposits
Loamy, slightly Rough grazing C, D 6 1 British Columbia
calcareous glacial till & rangeland (grasses, 2 Exploratory
& fluvial deposits forbs, shrubs)
Clayey, slightly Field crops E 6 1 British Columbia
calcareous till (mixed grains) 2 Exploratory
& lacustrine deposits

A : DOMINANTLY CHERNOZEMIC SOILS-concl'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20%
ase
rea
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 833 1 Interior Plains 3.2 Cryoboreal,
133 Chernozemic (2157) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Mo2-3/2a) 2 Solodic Dark Gray 4 1,100-1,400 f Subhumid
Chernozemic (330-460)
3 Orthic Humic
G leysol
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray Stony 2,017 1 Interior Plains 3.2 Cryoboreal,
134 Chernozemic (5224) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Mo7-2a) 2 Orthic Humic 4 850-1,000 f Subhumid
Gleysol (260-300) c Subaquic
inclusions
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 4,739 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
135 Chernozemic (12274) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Mo7-2a) 2 Orthic Humic 4 875-1,000 f Subhumid
Gleysol (270-300) c Subaquic
inclusions
A4 1 Orthic Dark Gray 753 1 Interior Plains 3 .2-4 .1
136 Chernozemic (1 950) 2 Saskatchewan Cryoboreal,
(Mo4-2b) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol Plain moderately cold
3 Tiger Hills to Boreal, cool
Pembina Mt . f Subhumid
Upland
4 1,600-1,800
(490-550)

Physical characteristics
Texture and
Topography and character of parent
landform material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Nearly level to undulating Clayey & loamy Field crops D 10, 11 1 Saskatchewan
lake plain lacustrine deposits (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Nearly level to undulating Loamy, extremely Field crops C 11, 12 1 Manitoba
till plain calcareous, stony (mixed grains, D 11 2 Soil survey
modified till deposits forage)
Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Nearly level to undulating Loamy, extremely Field crops C12 1 Manitoba
till plain calcareous, modified (mixed grains, D12 2 Soil survey
till deposits forage)
Rough grazing
& rangeland (g rasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Rolling morainic plain Loamy, strongly to Field crops C 12 1 Manitoba
extremely calcareous (mixed grains, 2 Soil survey
glacial till forage)
( ~~A .~,--
u/ .
~hit'1~ ,A((`n~"~
..d/~~~~\lt.~t~iYv
/~///t(((I~~fntvn
r
j~~f""y'"
u!iiM lA
, /
~,,eirr~l/s~"E'

B : DOMINANTLY SOLONETZIC SOILS
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
131 Brown Solonetz
131 1 Brown Solonetz 4,232 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
1 2 Brown Solod (10960) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Sm10-2a) 3 Solonetzic Brown 4 2,500-2,800
Chernozemic (760-850)
B1 1 Brown Solonetz 552 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
2 2 Solonetzic Brown (1430) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Sm10-2a) Chernozemic 3 Snipe Lake Plain
4 2,100-2,300
(640-700)
B1 1 Brown Solonetz 290 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
3 2 Solonetzic Brown (751) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Sm10-2a) Chernozemic 3 Saskatchewan
River Plain
4 2,000-2,100
(610-640)
B1 1 Brown Solonetz 286 1 Interior Plains 4 .2 Boreal,
4 2 Solonetzic Brown (741) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cool
(Sm10-2a) Chernozemic 3 Frenchman h Subarid
River Plain
4 3,000-3,200
(910-970)
131 1 Brown Solonetz 764 1 Interior Plains 4 .2 Boreal,
5 2 Solonetzic Brown (1979) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cool
(Sm10-2a) Chernozemic 3 Frenchman h Subarid
River Plain
4 3,000-3,200
(910-980)
B1 1 Brown Solonetz 2,432 1 Interior Plains 4 .1-4 .2
6 2 Solonetzic Dark (6299) 2 Saskatchewan Boreal, cool to
(Sm10-2a) Brown Plain moderately cool
Chernozemic 3 Souris River Plain g Semiarid
4 1,900-2,100
(580-640)
81 1 Brown Solonetz 419 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
7 2 Solonetzic Dark (1085) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(Sm10-2a) Brown Plain
Chernozemic 3 Saskatchewan
River Plain
4 1,900-2,000
(580-610)
131 1 Brown Solonetz 2,560 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
8 2 Brown Solod (6630) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
(Sm10-2a) 3 Solonetzic Dark 4 2,500-2,800 g Semiarid
Brown (760-850)
Chernozemic
Orthic Gleysol

B : DOMINANTLY SOLONETZIC SOILS - concl'd .
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant 1 Region
> 20% area Area 2 Division Soil climate
Symbol 3 Significant 3 Local subdivision
Canadian inclusions sq mi 4 Range of Temperature class
(FAO/UNESCO) 10-20% Phase (km2) elevation, ft (m) Moisture subclass
B2 Black Solonetz
B2 1 Black Solonetz 2,687 1 Interior Plains 3.1 Cryoboreal,
10 2 Black Solod (6959) 2 Peace River cold
(Sm7-2/3a) 3 Gray Solonetz Lowland f Subhumid
Alberta Plateau
4 1,000-1,500
(300-460)
B2
11
(Sm7-3a)
1 Black Solonetz
2 Black Solod
3 Orthic Humic
1,341
(3471)
1
2
Interior Plains
Peace River
Lowland
3 .1
f
Cryoboreal,
cold
Subhumid
Gleysol
Alberta Plateau
4 1,800-2,400)
(550-730)
B2
12
(Sm7-3a)
1 Black Solonetz
2 Black Solod
370
(958)
1
2
4
Interior Plains
Peace River
Lowland
Alberta Plateau
1,800-2,400
(550-730)
3 .1 Cryoboreal,
cold
f Subhumid
B2
13
(Sm11-2a)
1 Black Solonetz
2 Black Solod
Solonetzic Black
Chernozemic
3 Orthic Gleysol
2,713
(7026)
1 Interior Plains
2 Alberta Plain
4 2,200-2,700)
(670-820)
3 .2
f
Cryoboreal,
moderately cold
Subhumid
B2 1 Black Solonetz 385 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
14 3 Gray Solonetz (997) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(Sm11-3a) Humic Eluviated 4 2,300-2,400 f Subhumid
Gleysol
(700-730)
B4 Solod
B4
20
(Sm8-3a)
1 Black Solod
2 Dark Gray Luvisol
3 Orthic Humic
3,211
(8316)
1 Interior Plains
2 Peace River
Lowland
3 .1
f
Cryoboreal,
cold
Subhumid
G leysol
4 1,500-2,600
(460-790)
B4 1 Black Solod 1,514 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
21 2 Dark Gray Luvisol (3921) 2 Peace River cold
(Sm8-3a) 3 Orthic Humic
Gleysol
Lowland
4 1,500-2,500
(460-760)
f Subhumid
B4 1 Black Solod 4,276 1 Interior Plains 3.1 Cryoboreal,
22 2 Dark Gray Luvisol (11 074) 2 Peace River cold
(Sm8-3a) Lowland f Subhumid
4 1,500-2,200
(460-670)

Topography and
landform
Nearly level to undulating
till plain
Nearly level to gently
undulating lake plain
Nearly level to gently
undulating plain
Undulating till plain
Undulating till & lake
plain
Nearly level to undulating
lake plain
Nearly level to undulating
lake plain
Nearly level to undulating
till & lake plain
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Clayey to loamy, Field crops E 7, 8
moderately calcareous (mixed grains)
glacial till & fluvial
deposits
Clayey, moderately Field crops D7
calcareous lacustrine (mixed grains)
deposits
Clayey, moderately Field crops D7
calcareous glacial till (mixed grains)
& lacustrine deposits
Loamy, moderately Field crops (mixed) D8,9
calcareous glacial till Improved pasture
& forage
Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Clayey, moderately Field crops (mixed) D8
calcareous till Improved pasture
& lacustrine deposits & forage
Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Clayey, weakly to Field crops E6,7
moderately calcareous (mixed grains & small
lacustrine deposits seed crops)
Clayey, weakly to Field crops D 6,7
moderately calcareous (mixed grains & small
lacustrine deposits seed crops)
Clayey, weakly to Field crops D7,7
moderately calcareous (mixed grains)
glacial till & lacustrine
deposits
Geographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
1 Alberta
2 Exploratory
1 Alberta
2 Soil survey
1 Alberta
2 Exploratory
1 Alberta
2 Soil survey
1 Alberta
2 Soil survey
1 Alberta
2 Soil survey
1 Alberta
2 Soil survey
1 Alberta
2 Soil survey

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C1 Gray Brown Luvisol
C1 1 Brunisolic Gray 4,858 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
1 Brown Luvisol (12582) Lowlands fe Subhumid
(La1-1/2a) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St . Lawrence to humid
Brunisol Lowland
4 300-900
(90-270)
C1 1 Brunisolic Gray 4,133 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
2 Brown Luvisol (1 0704) Lowlands fe Subhumid
(La31-1/2a) 3 Orthic Gleysol 2 West St . Lawrence to humid
Lowland
4 600-1,000
(180-300)
C1 1 Orthic Gray Stony 290 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
3 Brown Luvisol ( 751) Lowlands e Humid
(La 1-1/2b) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St. Lawrence
Brunisol Lowland
4 1,200-1,300
(370-400)
C1 1 Brunisolic Gray Stony 413 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
4 Brown Luvisol (1 070) Lowlands e Humid
(La1-1/2b) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St . Lawrence
Brunisol Lowland
4 1,000-1,400
(300-430)
C1 1 Brunisolic Gray Stony 325 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
5 Brown Luvisol (842) Lowlands e Humid
(La31-1a) 3 Orthic Humic 2 West St . Lawrence
Gleysol Lowland
4 600-1,000
(180-300)
C1 1 Brunisolic Gray Stony 99 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
7 Brown Luvisol (256) Lowlands e Humid
(La 1-2a) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St . Lawrence
Brunisol Lowland
4 800-1,000
(240-300)
C1 1 Brunisolic Gray 2,200 1 St . Lawrence 4 .2-5 .1
8 Brown Luvisol (5698) Lowlands Boreal,
(La1-2a) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St . Lawrence moderately cool
Brunisol Lowland to Mesic, mild
4 900-1,700 e Humid
(270-520)
C1 1 Brunisolic Gray 443 1 St. Lawrence 5.1 Mesic, mild
9 Brown Luvisol (1 147) Lowlands e Humid
(La1-2a) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St . Lawrence
Brunisol Lowland
4 800-1,400
(240-430)

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C1 1 Orthic Gray 271 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
10 Brown Luvisol (702) Lowlands e Humid
(La1-3a) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St . Lawrence
Brunisol Lowland
3 Beaver Valley
4 600-800
(180-240)
C1 1 Orthic Gray 73 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
11 Luvisol (189) Lowlands e Humid
(La1-3a) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St. Lawrence
Brunisol Lowland
4 600-800
(180-240)
C1 1 Orthic Gray 714 1 St . Lawrence 5.1 Mesic, mild
12 Brown Luvisol (1 849) Lowlands f Subhumid
(La1-3a) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St.Lawrence
Brunisol Lowland
4 300-1 100
(90-340)
C1 1 Orthic Gray 655 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
13 Brown Luvisol (1 696) Lowlands f Subhumid
(La1-3a) 3 OrthicEutric 2 West St.Lawrence
Brunisol Lowland
600-800
(180-240)
C1 1 Orthic Gray 2,644 1 St . Lawrence 5.1 Mesic, mild
14 Brown Luvisol (6848) Lowlands e Humid
(La 1-3a) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St . Lawrence
Brunisol Lowland
4 600-1 200
(180-370)
C1 1 Orthic Gray 296 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
15 Brown Luvisol (767) Lowlands f Subhumid
(La1-3a) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St . Lawrence
Brunisol Lowland
4 800-1,000
(240-310)
C1 1 Brunisolic Gray 49 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
16 Brown Luvisol (127) Lowlands e Humid
(La10-2a) 2 Gleyed Gray 2 Central
Brown Luvisol St . Lawrence
Lowland
4 100-200
(30-60)
C1 1 Orthic Gray 439 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
17 Brown Luvisol (1 137) Lowlands e Humid
(La10-3a) 2 Orthic Humic 2 West St. Lawrence c Subaquic
Gleysol Lowland inclusions
4 300-400
(90-120)

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C1 1 Brunisolic Gray 103 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
18 Brown Luvisol (268) Lowlands e Humid
(La1-1b) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St . Lawrence
Brunisol Lowland
4 500-1,000
(130-310)
C1 1 Brunisolic Gray 64 1 St . Lawrence 5.1 Mesic, mild
19 Brown Luvisol (166) Lowlands e Humid
(La 1-1b) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 West St . Lawrence
Brunisol Lowland
4 500-1,000
(150-310)
C2 Gray Luvisol
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,016 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
20 Luvisol (2631) 2 Saskatchewan f Subhumid
(La2-2b) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol Plain
3 Orthic Gleysol 3 Birch Hills
4 1,800-1,900
(550-580)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 365 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
21 Luvisol (945) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(La32-2b) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol Plain f Subhumid
3 Low Humic 3 Beaver Hills
Eluviated Gleysol 4 2,000-2,400
(610-730)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 103 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
22 Luvisol (268) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
( La 32-2b) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol Plain f Subhumid
3 Low Humic 3 Touchwood Hills
Eluviated Gleysol 4 2,000-2,300
(601-700)
C2 1 Dark Gray Luvisol 266 1 Interior Plains 3.2 Cryoboreal,
23 2 Orthic Gray (689) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(La2-1a) Luvisol 3 Carrot River f Subhumid
3 Orthic Gleysol Lowland
4 1,300-1,500
(400-460)
C2 1 Dark Gray Luvisol 1,198 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
24 2 Orthic Gray (3103) 2 Peace River cold
(La2-1/2a) Luvisol Lowland f Subhumid
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 800-1,400
(240-430)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 863 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
25 Luvisol (2235) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La2-2a) 3 Fibrisol Great Slave Plain fe Subhumid
4 1,000-2,000 to humid
(310-610)

Physical characteristics
-
Topography and
Texture and
character of parent Vegetation and
landform material land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling interlobate moraine Sandy, strongly Improved pasture B 17 1 Ontario
calcareous outwash & forage 2 Soil survey
Field crops
(mixed)
Outdoor recreation
Rolling interlobate moraine Sandy, strongly Improved pasture B 17 1 Ontario
calcareous outwash & forage 2 Soil survey
Field crops
(mixed)
Outdoor recreation
Undulating glacial lake Clayey, strongly Field crops D10 1 Saskatchewan
plain calcareous lacustrine (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
deposits
Rolling morainic glacial Loamy, moderately Field crops C 11 1 Saskatchewan
till plain calcareous till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Rolling morainic glacial Loamy, moderately Field crops C 10 1 Saskatchewan
till plain calcareous till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Undulating lacustrine Sandy, moderately Field crops D 10 1 Saskatchewan
lake plain calcareous lacustrine (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
deposits
Undulating lacustrine Sandy, strongly Field crops E 7, 8 1 Alberta
lake plain calcareous lacustrine (mixed grains) 2 Exploratory
deposits Soil survey
Undulating to gently Loamy, slightly Productive mixed E 8, 9 1 Alberta
rolling glacial till plain calcareous glacial till upland forest 2 Exploratory
& productive
coniferous lowland
forest

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant
1 Region
> 20% area
Area 2 Division
3 Significant
3 Local subdivision
inclusions
sq mi 4 Range of
10-20% Phase (km2)
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2 1 Orthic Gray 10,362 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
26 Luvisol (26836) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La2-2a) 3 Fibrisol 3 Little Smokey e Humid
River Valley
4 2,000-3,000
(610-910)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 6,238 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
27 Luvisol (16156) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La2-2a) 3 Fibrisol 3 Rocky Mt. House e Humid
4 3,000-3,500
(910-1 070)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 3,397 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
28 Luvisol (8798) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La2-2a) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol 3 Upper Beaver River fe Subhumid
3 Fibrisol Lac La Biche to humid
4 1,750-2,000
(530-610)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,400 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
29 Luvisol (3626) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La2-2a) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol 3 Thickwood Hills fe Subhumid
3 Fibrisol 4 2,000-2,500 to humid
(610-760)
C2 1 Dark Gray Luvisol 212 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
30 3 Fibrisol (549) 2 Saskatchewan cold
(La2-2a) Plain e Humid
4 1,700-1,900
(520-580)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 695 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
31 Luvisol (1 800) 2 Saskatchewan cold
(La2-2a) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol Plain f Subhumid
3 Orthic Gleysol 3 Porcupine Hills
Upland
4 1,700-1,800
(520-550)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 769 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
32 Luvisol (1 992) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La2-2b) 3 Fibrisol 3 Birch River e Humid
Escarpment
4 2,600-2,800
(790-850)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 296 1 Interior Plains 3.1 Cryoboreal,
33 Luvisol (767) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La2-2b) 2 Fibrisol 3 Front Mt. e Humid
4 2,000-2,600
(610-790)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating to gently Loamy, slightly Field crops & forage D7,8 1 Alberta
rolling glacial till plain calcareous till Productive mixed 2 Soil survey
& lake-modified till upland forest,
& nonproductive
coniferous lowland
forest
Undulating to gently Loamy, slightly Productive mixed C, D 8 1 Alberta
rolling glacial till plain calcareous glacial till upland forest, 2 Soil survey
nonproductive
coniferous lowland
forest
Outdoor recreation
Field crops (mixed)
Undulating to gently Loamy, moderately Field crops D9 1 Alberta
rolling glacial till plain calcareous glacial till (mixed grains 2 Soil survey
& forage)
Undulating to gently Loamy, weakly Field crops D 9, 10 1 Saskatchewan
rolling glacial till plain to moderately (mixed grains, forage) 2 Soil survey
calcareous glacial till
Undulating glacial till Loamy, moderately Field crops D 10 1 Saskatchewan
plain calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Improved pasture,
& forage
Productive
mixed upland forest,
nonproductive
coniferous lowland
forest
Undulating glacial till Loamy, moderately Field crops D 10, 11 1 Saskatchewan
plain calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
and glaciofluvial Improved pasture
deposits & forage
Rolling glacial till plain Loamy, slightly Productive mixed E 8, 9 1 Alberta
calcareous glacial till upland forest, 2 Exploratory
nonproductive
coniferous lowland
forest
Rolling glacial till plain Loamy, slightly Productive mixed E8 1 Alberta
to moderately upland forest, 2 Exploratory
calcareous glacial till nonproductive
coniferous lowland
forest
Outdoor recreation

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40%a area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2 1 Orthic Gray 2,244 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
34 Luvisol (5812) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La2-2b) 3 Fibrisol 3 Swan Hills e Humid
4 3,000-4,100
(910-1 250)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 927 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
35 Luvisol (2401) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La2-2b) 3 Fibrisol 4 2,600-3,500 e Humid
(730-1 070)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 365 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
36 Luvisol (945) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La1-2b) 3 Dark Gray Luvisol 3 Cooking Lake f Subhumid
Fibrisol Moraine
4 2,250-2,500
(690-760)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 187 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
37 Luvisol (484) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La32-2b) 3 Fibrisol, Low 4 2,200-2,500 fe Subhumid
Humic Eluviated (670-760) to humid
Gleysol
C2 1 Orthic Gray 552 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
38 Luvisol (1430) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La32-2b) 2 Dark Gray Luvisol 3 Thickwood Hills fe Subhumid
3 Fibrisol, Orthic 4 1,800-2,300 to humid
Gleysol (550-700)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 3,650 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
39 Luvisol (9453) 2 Saskatchewan cold
(La2-2b) 3 Dark Gray Luvisol Plain e Humid
Orthic Humic 3 Porcupine Hills
Gleysol Manitoba
Escarpment
4 2,000-2,500
(610-760)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,952 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
40 Luvisol (5055) 2 Saskatchewan cold
(La2-2/3b) 3 Orthic Humic Plain e Humid
G leysol 3 Duck Mt .,
Fibrisol Manitoba
Escarpment
4 2,000-2,500
(610-760)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling morainic glacial Loamy, slightly Productive mixed D 7, 8 1 Alberta
till plain calcareous glacial till upland forest, 2 Soil survey
nonproductive
coniferous lowland
forest
Outdoor recreation
Rolling morainic glacial Loamy, slightly Productive mixed D 7, 8 1 Alberta
till plain calcareous glacial till upland forest, 2 Exploratory
nonproductive Soil survey
coniferous lowland
forest
Outdoor recreation
Rolling morainic glacial Loamy, slightly Rough grazing D 8 1 Alberta
till plain calcareous glacial till & rangeland (grasses, 2 Soil survey
forbs, shrubs) .
Improved pasture
& forage .
Field crops (mixed)
Outdoor recreation
Rolling morainic glacial Loamy, slightly Rough grazing D 9 1 Alberta
till plain calcareous glacial till & rangeland (grasses, 2 Exploratory
forbs, shrubs)
Improved pasture
& forage
Field crops
(mixed grains)
Rolling morainic glacial Loamy, slightly Field crops D10 1 Saskatchewan
till plain calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Woodland grazing
Mixed productive
forest
Rolling morainic glacial Loamy, moderately Productive mixed D 11 1 Saskatchewan
till plain to strongly forest Manitoba
calcareous glacial till Field crops 2 Soil survey
(mixed grains)
Rolling morainic glacial Loamy to clayey, Productive mixed C 11 1 Manitoba
till plain moderately to strongly forest Saskatchewan
calcareous glacial till Outdoor 2 Soil survey
recreation

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20%
ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2
41
(La2-2b)
1 Orthic Gray
Luvisol
3 Orthic Humic
Gleysol
1,933
(5006)
1 Interior Plains
2 Saskatchewan
Plain
3 Manitoba
3 .2
e
Cryoboreal,
moderately cold
Humid
Fibrisol
Escarpment
Riding Mt.
4 2,000-2,200
(610-670)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 902 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
42 Luvisol (2336) 2 Severn Upland moderately cold
(La1-3a) 3 Orthic Eutric 4 1,000-1,100 d Perhumid
Brunisol
(310-340)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 355 1 James 4 .1 Boreal, cool
43 Luvisol (919) 2 Abitibi Upland e Humid
(La1-3a) 3 Orthic Eutric 4 1,000-4,000
Brunisol (310-1 220)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 627 1 James 4 .1 Boreal, cool
44 Luvisol (1 624) 2 Abitibi Upland e Humid
(La1-3a)
4 1,100-1,200
(340-370)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 4,754 1 James 3 .1-3 .2
45 Luvisol (12312) 2 Severn Upland Cryoboreal,
(La1-3a) 3 Orthic Gleysol 3 Dryden Plain cold to
4 1,200-1,300
moderately cold
(370-400) e Humid
C2 1 Orthic Gray 147 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
46 Luvisol (380) Lowlands e Humid
(La 1-3a) 3 Orthic Eutric 2 Central
Brunisol St . Lawrence
Lowland
3 Ottawa Valley
4 400-700
(120-210)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 305 1 James 4 .2 Boreal,
47 Luvisol (790) 2 Severn Upland moderately cool
(La1-3a) 3 Orthic Eutric 3 Port Arthur Hills fe Subhumid
Brunisol 4 1,100-1,500 to humid
(340-460)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 365 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
48 Luvisol (945) Lowlands e Humid
(La1-3a) 2 Central
St . Lawrence
Lowland
4 400-600
(120-180)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,183 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal
49 Luvisol (3064) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La18-3a) 2 Dark Gray 4 2,100-2,300 fe Subhumid
Chernozemic (640-700) to humid
3 Orthic Humic
Gleysol

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling morainic glacial Loamy, moderately Productive mixed C 11, 12 1 Manitoba
till to strongly calcareous forest 2 Soil survey
glacial till Outdoor recreation
Field crops (mixed
grains, forage)
Undulating glacial lake Clayey, strongly Productive C 15 1 Ontario
plain calcareous lacustrine coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
deposits Outdoor recreation
Undulating glacial lake Clayey, strongly Productive mixed C 15 1 Ontario
plain calcareous lacustrine forest 2 Soil survey
deposits Outdoor recreation Exploratory
Undulating glacial lake Clayey, strongly Productive mixed C 15 1 Ontario
plain calcareous lacustrine & coniferous forests 2 Soil survey
deposits Exploratory
Undulating glacial lake Clayey, strongly Productive mixed C 13 1 Ontario
plain calcareous lacustrine forest 2 Exploratory
deposits Field crops
(mixed grains,
forage)
Undulating glacial lake Clayey, strongly Field crops, forage B 17 1 Ontario
plain calcareous lacustrine 2 Soil survey
deposits
Undulating glacial lake Clayey with some Improved pasture C 14 1 Ontario
plain sands, moderately & forage 2 Soil survey
calcareous lacustrine Horticulture
deposits (vegetables)
Productive mixed forest
Undulating glacial lake Clayey, moderately Improved pasture B 17 1 Ontario
plain calcareous lacustrine & forage 2 Soil survey
deposits Field crops
(mixed grains)
Undulating glacial lake Clayey, moderately Improved pasture D 8 1 Alberta
plain calcareous lacustrine & forage 2 Soil survey
deposits Field crops
(mixed grains)

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2 1 Dark Gray Luvisol 443 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
50 2 Dark Gray (1 147) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(La18-3a) Chernozemic 3 Carrot River f Subhumid
3 Fibrisol
Lowland,
Red Earth Plain
4 1,200-1,500
(370-460)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 3,097 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
51 Luvisol (8021) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La24-2a) 2 Low Humic 3 Saddle Hills fe Subhumid
Eluviated Gleysol 4 2,500-3,500 to humid
2 Gleyed Gray (760-1 070) b Aquic
Luvisol inclusions
3 Fibrisol
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,647 1 Cordilleran, 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
52 Luvisol (4,265) Interior System moderately cold
(La24-2a) 2 Low Humic 2 Southern Rocky fe Subhumid
Eluviated Gleysol Mt . Trench to humid
3 Fibrisol 3 Upper Fraser b Aquic
Section
4 2,000-2,400
(610-730)
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,198 1 Cordilleran, 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
53 Luvisol (3103) Interior System cold
(La24-3a) 2 Low Humic 2 Fraser Basin fe Subhumid
Eluviated Gleysol 3 Nechako Plain to humid
4 2,200-2,400 b Aquic
(670-730) inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 2,713 1 Cordilleran, 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
54 Luvisol (7026) Interior System moderately cold
(La24-3a) 2 Low Humic 2 Fraser Basin fe Subhumid
Eluviated Gleysol 3 Nechako Plain to humid
Gleyed Gray 4 2,000-3,200 b Aquic
Luvisol (610-980) inclusions
3 Orthic Dystric
Brunisol
Fibrisol
C2 1 Orthic Gray 212 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
55 Luvisol (549) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(La2b-1a) 2 Orthic Regosol 3 Lacoine Plain f Subhumid
3 Orthic Dystric 4 1,450-1,600
Brunisol (440-490)
Orthic Humic
G leysol
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,406 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
56 Luvisol (3641) 2 Peace River cold
(La6-2a) 2 Orthic Eutric Lowland f Subhumid
Brunisol 4 2,500-2,600
(760-790)

Physical characteristics
Reference
Topography and
landform
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
1
2
Source
Reliability
Undulating glacial lake Clayey, moderately Productive D 11 1 Saskatchewan
plain calcareous lacustrine mixed forest 2 Soil survey
& modified glacial Field crops
till deposits
Gently rolling to Loamy, slightly Productive D 6,7 1 Alberta
undulating glacial till calcareous glacial till mixed upland forest British Columbia
& lake-modified till plain & lacustrine deposits nonproductive 2 Soil survey
with minor outwash coniferous lowland
forest
Field crops
(mixed grains)
Undulating to steeply Loamy, slightly Productive D6,7 1 British Columbia
rolling glacial till calcareous glacial till coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
& glaciofluvial plain & glaciofluvial Field crops
deposits and forage
Undulating glacial lake Clayey, slightly Field crops D 5,6 1 British Columbia
plain calcareous lacustrine Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
deposits & forage
Productive
coniferous forest
Nearly level to undulating Clayey, slightly Improved pasture D6 1 British Columbia
glacial lake plain calcareous lacustrine & forage 2 Soil survey
glaciofluvial deposits Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Productive mixed
& coniferous forests
Undulating delta lake Sandy, slightly Productive D10 1 Saskatchewan
plain calcareous mixed forest 2 Soil survey
glaciofluvial deposits
Undulating to gently Loamy, moderately Field crops D,E6 1 British Columbia
rolling lake-modified calcareous lacustrine (grains) 2 Exploratory
glacial till plain deposits Improved pasture
& forage

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2 1 Orthic Gray 5,208 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
57 Luvisol (13488) 2 Northern Rocky cold
(La6-2b) 2 Orthic Eutric Mt . Trench e Humid
Brunisol 3 Parsnip Valley
4 2,200-4,000
(670-1 220)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 7,373 1 Cordilleran, 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
58 Luvisol (19095) Interior Plains cold
( La6-2b) 2 Orthic Eutric 2 Rocky Mt . e Humid
Brunisol
3 Fibrisol
Foothills
Alberta Plain
4 2,400-4,500
(730-1370)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 231 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
59 Luvisol (598) 2 Peace River cold
(La6-2b) 2 Orthic Eutric Lowland f Subhumid
Brunisol 3 Moberly Hills
4 2,500-3,500
(760-1 070)
C2 1 Orthic Gray Stony 5,987 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
60 Luvisol (15506) 2 Interior Plateau cold
(La19-2b) 2 Orthic Dystric 3 Nechako Plateau ef Humid to
Brunisol 4 2,400-4,000 subhumid
(730-1 220)
C2
61
1 Orthic Gray
Luvisol
13,104
(33938)
1 Cordilleran,
Eastern System
3 .1 Cryoboreal,
cold
(La6-2n) 2 Orthic Eutric 2 Rocky Mt . e Humid
Brunisol
Foothills
4 3,500-4,500
(1 070-1 370)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 463 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
62 Luvisol (1 199) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La3-2a) 2 Fibrisol 4 2,500-2,800 e Humid
(760-850) b Aquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 783 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
63 Luvisol (2028) 2 Alberta Plain Subarctic,
(La5-2 ) 2 Cryic Fibrisol 3 Great Slave Plain very cold to
Caribou Mt .
Cryoboreal, cold
4 1,000-1,200 fe Subhumid
(300-370)
to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 3,082 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
64 Luvisol (7982) 2 Alberta Plateau Subarctic,
(La3-2a) 2 Fibrisol 3 Birch Mt . very cold to
4 2,200-2,600
Cryoboreal, cold
(670-790) e Humid
c Subaquic
inclusions

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2 1 Orthic Gray 5,074 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
65 Luvisol (13141) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La3-2a) 2 Fibrisol 3 Clear Hills fe Subhumid
4 2,000-3,000 to humid
(610-910) b Aquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 7,299 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
66 Luvisol (18904) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La3-2a 2 Fibrisol 4 1,800-2,000 e Humid
(550-610)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,790 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
67 Luvisol (4636) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La5-2ba) 2 Fibrisol 3 Milligan Hills e Humid
4 3,300-3,500 b Aquic
(1 000-1 070) inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 6,634 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryuboreal,
68 Luvisol (17181) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La3-2a) 2 Fibrisol 4 1,800-2,500 fe Subhumid
(550-760)
9
to humid
Aquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,281 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
69 Luvisol (3318) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La3-2a) 2 Fibrisol 4 2,100-2,300 fe Subhumid
(640-700) to humid
b Aquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 296 1 Interior Plains 3.1 Cryoboreal,
70 Luvisol (767) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La3-2a) 2 Fibrisol 4 1,800-2,000 fe Subhumid
(550-610) to humid
b Aquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 523 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
71 Luvisol (1 354) 2 Saskatchewan Cryoboreal,
(La3-2a) 2 Fibrisol Plain cold to
4 1,600-1,750
moderately cold
(490-530) e Humid
b Aquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 6,086 1 Interior Plains 3.1-3 .2
72 Luvisol (15762) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(La3-2/3a) 2 Fibrisol 4 800-900 cold to
3 Orthic Eutric (240-270) moderately cold
Brunisol fe Subhumid
to humid
b Aquic
inclusions

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% hase
Area
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2 1 Orthic Gray Stony 763 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
73 Luvisol (1 976) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(La3-2a) 2 Fibrisol 3 White Fox Plain cold to
4 1,200-1,300 moderately cold
(370-400) fe Subhumid
to humid
b Aquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,618 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
74 Luvisol (4190) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(La3-2a) 2 Fibrisol 4 750-950 cold to
(230-290) moderately cold
fe Subhumid
to humid
b Aquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 5,711 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
75 Luvisol (14791) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(La3-2a) 2 Fibrisol 4 750-950 cold to
(230-290)
moderately cold
fe Subhumid
to humid
b Aquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 517 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
76 Luvisol (1339) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La3-2b) 2 Fibrisol 3 Naylor and Hawk e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol hills b Aquic
4 2,500-3,500 inclusions
(760-1 070)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,015 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
77 Luvisol (2629) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La3-2b) 2 Fibrisol 3 Birch Hills e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 2,500-2,800 b Aquic
(760-850) inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 201 1 Interor Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
78 Luvisol (520) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La3-2b) 2 Fibrisol 3 Birch Hills Chain e Humid
4 2,100-2,800 b Aquic
(640-850)
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 725 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
79 Luvisol (1 878) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La3-2b) 2 Fibrisol 3 Clear Hills e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 2,500-3,500 b Aquic
(670-1 070) inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 513 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
80 Luvisol (1 329) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La3-2b) 2 Fibrisol 3 Clear Hills e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 2,500-3,500 b Aquic
(670-1 070)
inclusions

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS - cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2 1 Orthic Gray 424 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
81 Luvisol (1 098) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La3-2b) 2 Fibrisol 3 Martin and e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol Pelican mts . b Aquic
4 2,500-3,500 inclusions
(670-1 070)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 5,217 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
82 Luvisol (13511) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La3-2b) 2 Fibrisol 3 Moostoos e Humid
Upland b Aquic
4 1,800-2,200 inclusions
(550-670)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 4,847 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
83 Luvisol (12553) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La3-26) 2 Fibrisol 3 Waskesiu Hills e Humid
Upland b Aquic
4 1,700-2,500 inclusions
(520-760)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 340 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Gryoboreal,
84 Luvisol (880) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La3-2b) 2 Fibrisol 4 2,000-2,500 fe Subhumid
3 Orthic Gleysol (610-760) to humid
b Aquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 5,666 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
85 Luvisol (14674) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La3-2b) 2 Fibrisol 3 Thickwood Hills fe Subhumid
3 Orthic Gleysol Upland to humid
4 1,800-2,450 b Aquic
(550-730) inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,785 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
86 Luvisol (4623) 2 Saskatchewan cold
(La3-2b) 2 Fibrisol Plain e Humid
Manitoba b Aquic
Escarpment inclusions
3 Pasquia Hills
Upland
4 1,800-2,500
(550-760)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,740 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
87 Luvisol (4506) 2 Great Slave Plain cold
(La3-3a) 2 Fibrisol 4 900-1,000 e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol (270-310) b Aquic
inclusions

Topography and
land-form
Rolling glacial till plain
Rolling morainic
glacial till plain
Gently to strongly rolling
morainic glacial till plain
with local outwash plain
Vloderately rolling
norainic glacial till plain
Moderately rolling
norainic glacial till plain
Gently to strongly
-oiling glacial till plain,
.hinly glaciated upland,
iissected escarpement
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Loamy, slightly Productive mixed D8 1 Alberta
calcareous glacial till upland forest, 2 Exploratory
nonproductive
coniferous
lowland forest
Loamy, slightly Productive mixed D9 1 Saskatchewan
to moderately upland forest, 2 Exploratory
calcareous glacial till, nonproductive
minor glaciofluvial coniferous
deposits lowland forest
Military reservation
Loamy, moderately Productive mixed D 10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous glacial till, upland forest, 2 Exploratory
minor glaciofluvial nonproductive
deposits coniferous
lowland forest
Outdoor recreation,
Prince Albert
National Park
Loamy, weakly Productive mixed D9 1 Alberta
calcareous glacial till upland forest, 2 Exploratory
nonproductive
coniferous
lowland forest
Woodland grazing
Improved pasture
& forage
Loamy, weakly Productive mixed D9 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous glacial till upland forest, Alberta
nonproductive 2 Soil Survey
coniferous lowland
forest
Field crops
(mixed grains)
Loamy, moderately Productive mixed D 11 1 Saskatchewan
to strongly calcareous upland forest, 2 Exploratory
glacial till with nonproductive
cretaceous shales coniferous
lowland forest
Jndulating lake plain Clayey, moderately Nonproductive E 8, 9 1 Alberta
calcareous lacustrine forest 2 Exploratory
deposits

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40%a area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20%
Area
sq mi
Phase (km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2 1 Orthic Gray 572 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
88 Luvisol (1 476) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(La3-3a) 2 Fibrisol 3 Fort Nelson e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol Lowland b Aquic
4 1,000-2,500 inclusions
(310-760)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 227 1 Interior Plains 3.2 Cryoboreal,
90 Luvisol (588) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(La9-2a) 2 Humic Gleysol 4 950-1,100 fe Subhumid
3 Orthic Dark Gray (290-340) to humid
Chernozemic c Subaquic
inclusions
C2
91
(La9-3a)
1 Orthic Gray
Luvisol
2 Humic Gleysol
3 Orthic Dark Gray
488
(1 264)
1 Interior Plains
2 Manitoba Plain
4 800-900
(240-270)
3 .1-3 .2
Cryoboreal,
cold to
moderately cold
Chernozemic fe Subhumid
to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,445 1 James 4 .1 Boreal, cool
92 Luvisol (3742) 2 Abitibi Upland d Perhumid
(La10-2a) 2 Orthic Humic 3 Cobalt Plain c Subaquic
Gleysol 4 600-800 inclusions
(180-240)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 996 1 James 4 .2 Boreal,
93 Luvisol (2579) 2 Severn Upland moderately cool
(La10-2a) 2 Orthic Humic 4 1,050-1,200 fe Subhumid
Gleysol (320-370) to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 779 1 Cordilleran, 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
94 Luvisol (2017) Interior System moderately cold
(La17-2a) 2 Orthic Dark Gray 2 Interior Plateau f Subhumid
Chernozemic 3 Neechake Plateau
4 1,700-3,500
(520-1 070)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 543 1 Cordilleran, 3.1 Cryoboreal,
95 Luvisol (1406) Interior System cold
(La 17-2a) 2 Orthic Dark Gray 2 Interior Plateau ef Humid to
Chernozemic 3 Neechake Plateau subhumid
4 2,400-3,300
(730-1 010)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 246 1 Interior Plains 3.1 Cryoboreal,
96 Luvisol (637) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(La18-2a) ' 2 Orthic Dark Gray 4 2,100-2,200 fe Subhumid
Chernozemic (640-670) to humid
3 Orthic Humic
Gleysol

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating to gently Clayey, weakly Productive E6 1 British Columbia
rolling lake-modified calcareous lacustrine coniferous upland 2 Schematic
glacial plain glacial till & alluvial forest
deposits nonproductive
coniferous
lowland forest
Undulating lake-modified Loamy, strongly Field crops C12 1 Manitoba
glacial till plain calcareous glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Improved pasture
& forage
Undulating lake-modified Clayey, moderately Productive mixed D12 1 Manitoba
glacial till plain calcareous lacustrine forest 2 Exploratory
deposits Field crops
(minor)
Undulating lake-modified Loamy, strongly Field crops B16,17 1 Ontario
glacial till plain calcareous glacial till Improved pasture Quebec
& lacustrine deposits & forage 2 Exploratory
Undulating lake plain Clayey, moderately Field crops C13 1 Ontario
calcareous lacustrine Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
deposits & forage
Undulating glacial till Loamy, slightly Woodland grazing D5 1 British Columbia
plain calcareous glacial till Forage 2 Soil Survey
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Undulating glacial till Loamy, none to Woodland grazing D 5 1 British Columbia
plain slightly calcareous 2 Soil survey
glacial till
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Undulating lake-modified Loamy, slightly Field crops D8 1 Alberta
glacial till plain to moderately (mixed grains) 2 Soil Survey
calcareous lacustrine Improved pasture
deposits & forage

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2 1 Orthic Gray 212 1 Interior Plains 3.1-3 .2
97 Luvisol (549) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(La17-2a) 2 Dark Gray 3 Grassy Lake cold to
Luvisol Garrich Plain moderately cold
3 Orthic Dark Gray 4 1,200-1,400 fe Subhumid
Chernozemic (370-430) to humid
C2 1 Orthic Gray 11,856 1 Cordilleran, 3 .1-3 .2
98 Luvisol (30706) Interior System Cryoboreal,
(La17-2a) 2 Orthic Dark Gray 2 Interior Plateau cold to
Chernozemic Fraser Basin moderately cold
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 3,000-5,000 fg Subhumid
(910-1 520) to semiarid
C2 1 Orthic Gray 749 1 Cordilleran, 4 .1-4 .2
99 Luvisol (1 940) Interior System Boreal, cool to
(La20-3a) 2 Orthic Dystric 2 Fraser Basin moderately cool
Brunisol Interior Plateau gf Semiarid
3 Orthic Dark Gray 3 Nechako Plain to subhumid
Chernozemic 4 2,000-2,500
(610-760)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 3,625 1 Cordilleran, 4 .1-4 .2
100 Luvisol (9388) Interior System Boreal, cool to
(La19-2b) 2 Orthic Dystric 2 Columbia moderately cool
Brunisol Highlands gf Semiarid
3 Thompson to subhumid
Plateau
Shuswapand
Okanagan
4 1,300-5,000
(400-1 520)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 789 1 Cordilleran, 3.2-4 .1
101 Luvisol (2 043) Interior System Cryoboreal,
(La19-2b) 2 Orthic Dystric 2 Interior Plateau moderately cold
Brunisol 3 Thompson to boreal, cool
3 Dark Gray Plateau and gf Semiarid
Luvisol minor ranges to subhumid
4 4,000-6,000
(1 220-1 830)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 2,120 1 Cordilleran, 3 .2-4 .1
102 Luvisol (5490) Interior System Cryoboreal,
(La19-2b) 2 Orthic Dystric 2 Interior Plateau moderately cold
Brunisol 3 Thompson to Boreal, cool
Plateau gf Semiarid
4 3,500-6,000 to subhumid
(1 070-1 830)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 12,892 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
103 Luvisol (33389) 2 Interior Plateau cold
(La21-2b) 2 Orthic Dystric 3 Nechako and ef Humid to
Brunisol Fraser plateaus to subhumid
Orthic 4 3,500-6,000
Humo-Ferric (1 070-1 830)
Podzol

Physical characteristics
Reference
Topography and
Texture and
character of parent Vegetation and Geographic grid 1 Source
landform material land use reference 2 Reliability
Undulating lake-modified
glacial till plain
Undulating to gently
rolling glacial till plain
Undulating lake plain
Gently to strongly
rolling glacial till plain
Rolling glacial till plain
Rolling glacial till plain
Rolling plain
Loamy, moderately Field crops D 10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous modified Woodland grazing 2 Soil survey
glacial till
Loamy, slightly Productive C, D 5,6 1 British Columbia
calcareous glacial till coniferous forest 2 Soil Survey
& glaciofluvial Woodland grazing Schematic
deposits
Rough grazing
& rangeland (grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Clayey, slightly Woodland grazing D 5, 6 1 British Columbia
calcareous lacustrine Improved pasture 2 Soil Survey
deposits & forage
Loamy, slightly Woodland grazing C 7 1 British Columbia
calcareous glacial till, & forage 2 Soil survey
lacustrine & some Productive Schematic
glaciofluvial deposits coniferous forest
Loamy, slightly Woodland grazing C 6 1 British Columbia
calcareous glacial till
& glaciofluvial
deposits
2 Soil survey
Loamy, slightly Productive C 6 1 British Columbia
calcareous glacial till coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
& glaciofluvial Woodland grazing Exploratory
deposits
Loamy, noncalcareous Productive mixed D 5,6 1 British Columbia
glacial till & coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
& glaciofluvial Woodland grazing Schematic
deposits

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS-cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2 1 Orthic Gray Stony 1,040 1 Cordilleran 3 .2-3 .1
104 Luvisol (2693) 2 Fraser Basin Cryoboreal,
(La21-2b) 2 Orthic Dystric Interior Plateau moderately cold
Brunisol 4 2,500-4,000 to cold
Orthic (760-1 220) fe Subhumid
Humo-Ferric to humid
Podzol
C2 1 Orthic Gray Rocky 4,414 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
105 Luvisol (11 432) 2 Interior Plateau cold
(La22-2b) 2 Orthic Dystric 3 Omineca Mts. e Humid
Brunisol Nechako Plateau
Rockland 4 3,500-6,000
(1 070-1 830)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 286 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
106 Luvisol (741) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(La25-3a) 2 Gray Solonetz 3 Carrot River f Subhumid
Lowland
4 1,200-1,400
(370-430)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 16,822 1 James 3 .2-4 .1
107 Luvisol (43567) 2 Abitibi Upland Cryoboreal,
(La23-1/3a) 2 Orthic Gleysol 3 Ojibway moderately cold
Orthic Clay Belt to Boreal, cool
H umo-Ferric 4 500-1,000 d Perhumid
Podzol (150-300)
3 Fibrisol
C2 1 Orthic Gray 2,441 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal
108 Luvisol (6322) 2 Fraser Basin cold
(La11-2b) 2 Orthic Interior Plateau ef Humid to
Humo-Ferric 3 McGregor Plateau subhumid
Podzol 4 2,500-4,000
3 Fibrisol, Orthic (760-1 200)
Dystric Brunisol
C2 1 Orthic Gray Stony 2,220 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
109 Luvisol (5749) 2 Interior Plateau cold
(La11-2b) 2 Orthic 3 Nechako Plateau ef Humid to
Humo-Ferric Minnon Ranges subhumid
Podzol 4 3,500-5,000
3 Fibrisol, Orthic (1 070-1 520)
Dystric Brunisol
C2 1 Orthic Gray 6,944 1 Appalachian 4 .2 Boreal,
110 Luvisol (17984) 2 Maritime Plain moderately cool
(La12-2/3a) 2 Orthic 3 New Brunswick e Humid
Humo-Ferric Lowland
Podzol 4 100-500
3 Orthic Humic (30-150)
Gleysol
Fibrisol, Cumulic
Regosol

Physical characteristics
Topography and
Texture and
character of parent
landform
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling plain Stony, loamy, Productive mixed D 6 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous glacial forest 2 Exploratory
till & glaciofluvial Woodland grazing
deposits
Rolling, Loamy, Productive D 5, 6 1 British Columbia
bedrock-controlled plain noncalcareous glacial coniferous forest 2 Schematic
till & glaciofluvial
deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Clayey, moderately Field crops D 11 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous lacustrine (mixed grains, 2 Soil survey
& lake-modified forage)
glacial till
Undulating plain Sandy to clayey, Productive C 16, 17 1 Ontario
moderately calcareous coniferous forest Quebec
glacial till, Field crops 2 Schematic
glaciofluvial (mixed grains,
& lacustrine deposits forage)
Rolling plain Loamy, slightly Productive D 6 1 British Columbia
calcareous glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Rolling to hilly plain Stony, loamy, slightly Productive D 5, 6 1 British Columbia
calcareous glacial till mixed forest 2 Exploratory
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Woodland grazing
Undulating to gently Loamy & clayey Productive B 20 1 New Brunswick
rolling plain glacial till, marine mixed forest 2 Soil survey
clays & glaciofluvial Field crops
deposits
(mixed grains,
forage)
Small fruits

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2 1 Orthic Gray 469 1 Appalachian 4.1 Boreal, cool
111 Luvisol (1 215) 2 Atlantic Uplands Mm Maritime
(La12-2/3a) 2 Orthic
Humo-Ferric
of Nova Scotia
3 Bras D'Or d
influence
Perhumid
Podzol
Lowland
3 Cumulic Regosol Cape Breton Is .
Fibirisol, Orthic
4 0-500
Gleysol
(0-150)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 30 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
112 Luvisol (78) 2 Atlantic Uplands Mm Maritime
(La12-2/3a) 2 Orthic of Nova Scotia d Perhumid
Humo-Ferric 3 Madame Is., Cape
Podzol Breton Is .
4 0-150
(0-50)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 389 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
113 Luvisol (1007) 2 Nova Scotia Mm Maritime
(La12-2/3a) 2 Orthic Highlands influence
H umo-Ferric 3 Antigonish d Perhumid
Podzol
Lowlands
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 0-500
Orthic Regosol (0-150)
C2
114
1 Orthic Gray
Luvisol
1,248
(3232)
1 Appalachian
2 Annapolis
4 .2 Boreal,
moderately cool
(La12-2/3a) 2 Orthic Lowland e Humid
Humo-Ferric
Atlantic Uplands
Podzol
of Nova Scotia
3 Humic Eluviated 3 Minas Basin
Gleysol Lowland
Orthic Regosol 4 0-400
(0-120)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 335 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
115 Luvisol (868) 2 Nova Scotia Mm Maritime
(La12-2/3a) 2 Orthic Highlands influence
Humo-Ferric 3 Cape Breton Is . d Perhumid
Podzol
3 Orthic Gleysol
Port Hood
Lowland
4 0-500
(0-150)
C2
116
1 Orthic Gray
Luvisol
618
(1 600)
1 St . Lawrence
Lowlands
3 .2 Cryoboreal,
moderately cold
(La12-2/3a) 2 Orthic 2 East St . Lawrence Mm Maritime
H umo-Ferric Lowland influence
Podzol 3 Newfoundland d Perhumid
3 Fibrisol, Orthic
Humic Pozdol
Coastal Lowland
Port au Port
Peninsula
Codray Valley
4 0-1,100
(0-340)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating to gently Loamy to clayey Field crops B 21 1 Nova Scotia
rolling plain glacial till (mixed grains, 2 Soil survey
& glaciofluvial forage)
deposits Productive
mixed forest
Undulating plain Loamy & clayey Field crops B 21 1 Nova Scotia
glacial till with (mixed grains, 2 Soil survey
alluvial deposits forage)
Undulating to gently Loamy & clayey Improved pasture B 21 1 Nova Scotia
rolling plain glacial till with & forage 2 Soil survey
glaciofluvial sands Field crops
(mixed grains)
Undulating plain Loamy & clayey Improved pasture B 21 1 Nova Scotia
glacial till with & forage 2 Soil survey
glaciofluvial sands Field crops
(mixed grains)
Undulating to rolling Loamy & clayey Improved pasture B 21 1 Nova Scotia
plain glacial till & forage 2 Soil survey
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Undulating to rolling Loamy & clayey Productive C 22 1 Newfoundland
plain glacial till coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
& glaciofluvial Field crops
deposits Improved pasture
& forage

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant 1 Region
> 20% area Area 2 Division Soil climate
Symbol 3 Significant 3 Local subdivision
Canadian inclusions sq mi 4 Range of Temperature class
(FAO/UNESCO) 10-20% Phase (km 2) elevation, ft (m) Moisture subclass
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,208 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
117 Luvisol (3128) 2 Maritime Plain Mm Maritime
(La12-2/3a) 2 Orthic 4 100-300 influence
Humo-Ferric (30-90) d Perhumid
Podzol
C2 1 Orthic Gray Stony 1,736 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
118 Luvisol (4496) Rocky Mountain cold
(La 12-2c) 2 Orthic Area Mx Mountain
Humo-Ferric 2 Southern Rocky influence
Podzol
Mountains
fe Subhumid
3 Orthic Dystric
3 Continental
to humid
Brunisol
Ranges
Border Ranges
4 2,900-9,000
(880-2740)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 2,969 1 Interior Plains 3.1-3.2
119 Luvisol (7689) 2 Saskatchewan Cryoboreal,
(La12-1/2a) 2 Orthic Plain cold to
Humo-Ferric 3 La Ronge Plain moderately cold
Podzol, Fibrisol 4 1,600-1,800 e Humid
3 Orthic Dystric (490-550)
Brunisol
C2 1 Orthic Gray 276 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
120 Luvisol (715) 2 Saskatchewan cold
(La13-1/2a) 2 Orthic Plain e Humid
Humo-Ferric 3 Wapawekka
Podzol Upland and
Fibrisol Plateau
3 Orthic Dystric 4 2,000-2,100
Brunisol (610-640)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 705 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
121 Luvisol (1826) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(La13-1 /2a) 2 Orthic 3 Carrot River cold to
Humo-Ferric Lowland, moderately cold
Podzol, White Gull Creek e Humid
Fibrisol Plain
3 Orthic Dystric 4 1,500-1,800
Brunisol (450-550)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 2,564 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
122 Luvisol (6640) 2 Saskatchewan Cryoboreal,
(La13-1/2a) 2 Orthic Plain cold to
Humo-Ferric 3 Lower Waterban moderately cold
Podzol, Plain, e Humid
Fibrisol Beaver River
3 Orthic Dystric Plain
Brunisol 4 1,500-1,800
(460-550)

Physical characteristics
Texture and
Topography and character of parent
landform material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till Improved pasture B 20, 21 1 Nova Scotia
& forage 2 Soil survey
Mountainous with alluvial Stony, loamy, Productive C8 1 British Columbia
& colluvial fans moderately to weakly coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
calcareous glacial till Field crops
& recent deposits (in valleys)
Undulating plain Sandy & loamy, Productive D10 1 Saskatchewan
weakly calcareous coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
glacial till
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Undulating thinly Sandy & loamy, Productive mixed D10 1 Saskatchewan
glaciated plateau weakly calcareous forest upland, 2 Exploratory
glacial till nonproductive
& glaciofluvial coniferous lowland
deposits
Undulating till & ice Sandy to loamy, Productive D10 1 Saskatchewan
marginal lake plain weakly to moderately mixed forest 2 Exploratory
calcareous glacial till Outdoor recreation
& glaciofluvial Field crops
deposits (mixed grains)
Undulating plain Sandy to loamy, Productive D9,10 1 Saskatchewan
weakly calcareous mixed forest 2 Soil survey
glacial till Field crops Exploratory
& glaciofluvial (mixed grains,
deposits forage)

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20%
Area
sq mi
Phase (km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
C2 1 Orthic Gray 3,032 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
123 Luvisol (7852) 2 Saskatchewan cold
(La14-1/2b) 2 Orthic Plain e Humid
Humo-Ferric 3 Wapawekka
Podzol, Upland
Fibrisol 4 2,000-2,400
3 Orthic Dystric (610-730)
Brunisol
C2 1 Orthic Gray 952 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
124 Luvisol (2465) 2 Saskatchewan cold
(La13-1/2a) 2 Orthic Plain e Humid
Humo-Ferric 3 Methy Portage
Podzol
Plain
Fibrisol 4 1,500-1,800
3 Orthic Dystric
Brunisol
(460-550)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 1,356 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
125 Luvisol (3512) 2 Fort Nelson Subarctic,
(La5-3a) 2 Cryic Fibrisol Lowland very cold to
4 1,200-2,000 Cryoboreal, cold
(370-610) fe Subhumid
to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
C2 1 Orthic Gray 493 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
126 Luvisol (1 277) 2 Fort Nelson Subarctic,
(La5-3a) 2 Cryic Fibrisol Lowland very cold to
3 Etsho Plateau
Cryoboreal, cold
4 1,500-2300) e Humid
(460-700) c Subaquic
inclusions
C2
127
(La4-2b)
C2
128
(La7-2b)
C2
129
(La7-2b)
1 Orthic Gray
Luvisol
2 Cryic Fibrisol
Rockland
32,305
(83667)
1 Kazan
James
2 Severn Upland
Kazan Upland
2-3 .1 Subarctic,
very cold to
Cryoboreal, cold
4 500-600 e Humid
(150-180) c Subaquic
inclusions
1 Orthic Gray 9,898 1 Kazan 2 Subarctic,
Luvisol (25635) 2 Kazan Upland very cold
2 Orthic Eutric 3 Northern Indian e Humid
Brunisol Lake
Cryic Fibrisol 4 700-800
(210-240)
1 Orthic Gray 4,488 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
Luvisol (11 623) 2 Fort Nelson Subarctic,
2 Orthic Eutric Lowland very cold to
Brunisol 4 700-2,500 Cryoboreal, cold
Cryic Fibrisol (210-760) e Humid

Physical characteristics
Texture and
Topography and character of parent
landform material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling plain Sandy to loamy, Productive D 10 1 Saskatchewan
weakly to moderately mixed forest 2 Exploratory
calcareous glacial till Field crops
& glaciofluvial (mixed grains,
deposits forage)
Undulating plain Sandy to loamy, Productive E 9 1 Saskatchewan
weakly calcareous coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
glacial till Field crops
& glaciofluvial (mixed grains,
deposits forage)
Undulating to gently Clayey, weakly Productive E 7 1 Alberta
rolling lake-modified calcareous glacial till coniferous 2 Exploratory
till plain & lacustrine deposits upland forest,
nonproductive
lowland forest
Undulating plain Clayey, weakly Productive E 6 1 British Columbia
calcareous glacial till coniferous 2 Schematic
& glaciofluvial upland forest,
deposits nonproductive
lowland forest
Rolling till & lake-modified Shallow loamy glacial Nonproductive D 12, 13, 14 1 Manitoba
bedrock upland till & lacustrine coniferous E 12, 13 Ontario
deposits overlying forest 2 Schematic
bedrock
(igneous
& metamorphic)
Rolling till Loamy glacial till Nonproductive E 12, 13 1 Manitoba
& lake-modified overlying bedrock coniferous forest 2 Schematic
bedrock upland (igneous,
metamorphic,
sedimentary)
Rolling plain Loamy, weakly Productive E 5, 6 1 British Columbia
calcareous glacial till coniferous 2 Schematic
& glaciofluvial upland forest,
deposits nonproductive
coniferous
lowland forest

C : DOMINANTLY LUVISOLIC SOILS -concl'd .
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant 1 Region
> 20% area Area 2 Division Soil climate
Symbol 3 Significant 3 Local subdivision
Canadian inclusions sq mi 4 Range of Temperature clas
(FAO/UNESCO) 10-20% Phase (km z) elevation, ft (m) Moisture sublass
C2 1 Orthic Gray 523 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
130 Luvisol (1 354) 2 Fort Nelson Subarctic,
(La7-2b) 2 Cryic Fibrisol Lowland very cold to
3 West Etsho Cryoboreal, cold
Plateau e Humid
4 2,200-2,400
(670-730)
C2 1 Orthic Gray 2,466 1 James 3 .1-3 .2
131 Luvisol (6387) 2 Severn Upland Cryoboreal,
La16-3b) 2 Rockland 4 1,300-1,400 cool to
(400-430) moderately cool
e Humid

Physical characteristics
Texture and
Topography and character of parent
landform material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling plain Loamy, weakly Nonproductive E 6 1 British Columbia
calcareous glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Rolling till & lake-modified Clayey, shallow glacial Productive C,D13 1 Ontario
bedrock upland till & lacustrine coniferous 2 Exploratory
deposits overlying upland forest
bedrock
(igneous,
metamorphic)
. .
1//
'
-
,
'
,

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 1)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 Humo-Ferric Podzol
D3 1 Orthic 113 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
1 Humo-Ferric (293) Lowlands e Humid
(Po1-1 a) Podzol 2 Central
St . Lawrence
Lowland
4 100-200
(30-60)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 370 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
2 Humo-Ferric (258) Lowlands e Humid
(Po1-1a) Podzol 2 West St . Lawrence
Lowland
3 Simcoe Lowlands
4 600-800
(180-240)
D3 1 Orthic 34 1 Cordilleran 3 .2-4 .1
3 Humo-Ferric (88) 2 Estevan Coastal Cryoboreal,
(Po1-1/2a) Podzol Plain moderately cold
3 Orthic Dystric 3 Nootka Island to Boreal, cool
Brunisol 4 0-1,500 d Perhumid
(0-460)
D3 1 Orthic 79 1 Cordilleran 4 .1-3 .2
4 Humo-Ferric (205) 2 Estevan Coastal Boreal, cool, to
(Po1-1 /2a) Podzol Plain Cryoboreal,
3 Orthic Dystric 3 Estevan Point moderately cold
Brunisol 4 0-3,500 Mm Maritime
(0-1 070) influence
e Humid
D3 1 Orthic 59 1 Cordilleran 4 .1-3 .2
5 Humo-Ferric (153) 2 Estevan Coastal Boreal, cool to
(Po1-1/2a) Podzol Plain Cryoboreal,
2 Orthic Dystric 3 Flores Island moderately cold
Brunisol 4 0-3,500 Mm Maritime
Orthic (0-1 070) influence
Ferro-Humic e Humid
Podzol
D3 1 Orthic 138 1 Cordilleran 4 .1-3 .2
6 Humo-Ferric (357) 2 Estevan Coastal Boreal, cool to
(Po1-1 /2a) Podzol Plain Cryoboreal,
3 Orthic Dystric 3 Long Beach, moderately cold
Brunisol Tofino Mm Maritime
Orthic 4 0-3,500 influence
Ferro-Humic (0-1 070) e Humid
Podzol
D3 1 Orthic 552 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
7 Humo-Ferric (1 430) Lowlands e Humid
(Po1-1/2a) Podzol 2 Central
St . Lawrence
Lowland
4 200-300
(60-90)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Gently sloping plain Sandy glaciofluvial Field crops B 18 1 Quebec
deposits (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
Improved pasture
& forage
Undulating morainic Sandy, moderately Field crops B 17 1 Ontario
& glaciofluvial plain calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glaciofluvial & stony & forage
glacial till deposits Outdoor recreation
Undulating plain Sandy & loamy Productive C 5 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous glacial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
till & glaciofluvial
deposits
Undulating plain Sandy & loamy Productive C 5 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous glacial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
till & glaciofluvial
deposits
Undulating plain Sandy & loamy Productive C 5 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous glacial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
till & glaciofluvial
deposits
Undulating plain Sandy & loamy Productive C 5 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous glacial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
till & glaciofluvial
deposits
Undulating plain Sandy & loamy Improved pasture B 18 1 Ontario
weakly calcareous & forage 2 Soil survey
glacial till
& glaciofluvial
deposits

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km a)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic 54 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
8 Humo-Ferric (140) Lowlands e Humid
(Po1-1/2b) Podzol 2 Central
St . Lawrence
Lowland
3 Adirondack Mts.
4 0-400
(0-120)
D3 1 Orthic 3,725 1 Cordilleran 4 .1-3.2
9 Humo-Ferric (9647) 2 Vancouver Is . Boreal, cool to
(Po1-1b) Podzol Ranges Cryoboreal,
3 Orthic Dystric 3 Insular Mts. moderately cold
Brunisol 4 0-4,000 Mm Maritime
Orthic (0-1 220) influence
Ferro-Humic d Perhumid
Podzol
D3 1 Orthic 34 1 St . Lawrence 4 .2 Boreal,
10 H umo-Ferric (88) Lowlands moderately cool
(Po1-1b) Podzol 2 Central e Humid
2 Orthic Dystric St . Lawrence
Brunisol
Lowland
3 Appalachian
Range
4 200-1,200
(60-370)
D3 1 Orthic 1,750 1 Cordilleran 4.1-3.2
11 H umo-Ferric (4532) 2 Vancouver Is. Boreal, cool to
(Po1-2b) Podzol Ranges Cryoboreal,
3 Orthic Dystric 3 Nahwitti Lowland moderately cold
Brunisol 4 0-2,000 Mm Maritime
Orthic (0-610) influence
Ferro-Humic d Perhumid
Podzol
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 2,021 1 Cordilleran 3 .2-4 .1
12 Humo-Ferric (5234) 2 Vancouver Is . Cryoboreal,
(Po1-2c) Podzol Ranges moderately cold
3 Orthic 3 Insular Mts. to Boreal, cool
Ferro-Humic 4 0-4,000 Mm Maritime
Podzol (0-1 220) influence
Rockland d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic 54 1 Cordilleran 3.2-4 .1
13 Humo-Ferric (140) 2 Vancouver Is . Cryoboreal,
(Po1-2c) Podzol Ranges moderately cold
2 Orthic Dystric 3 Nootka Island to Boreal, cool
Brunisol 4 0-3,000 Mm Maritime
Orthic (0-910) influence
Ferro-Humic d Perhumid
Podzol

Physical characteristics
-
Texture and
Topography and character of parent
landform
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating & rolling plain Sandy & loamy Field crops B 18 1 Quebec
noncalcareous glacial (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
till Orchards
(small scale)
Strongly rolling plain Sandy noncalcareous Productive C 5 1 British Columbia
till & colluvium coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
Woodland grazing
Strongly rolling plain Sandy & loamy Productive hardwood B 18 1 Quebec
noncalcareous till forest 2 Soil survey
Wildlife
Strongly rolling plain Loamy, noncalcareous Productive C 5 1 British Columbia
till & outwash coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Strongly rolling plain Loamy, noncalcareous Productive C 5 1 British Columbia
glacial till, coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
glaciofluvial deposits
& colluvium
Rockland (igneous)
Strongly sloping plain Loamy, noncalcareous Productive C 5 1 British Columbia
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
& glaciofluvial
deposits

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 641 1 Cordilleran 3 .2-4 .1
14 Humo-Ferric (1660) 2 Vancouver Is . Cryoboreal,
(Po1-2c) Podzol Ranges moderately cold
3 Orthic 3 Eastevan Coastal to Boreal, cool
Ferro-Humic Plain Mm Maritime
Podzol 4 0-4,000 influence
Rockland (0-1 220) d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic 123 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
15 Humo-Ferric (318) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(Po1-1a) Podzol 4 2,250-2,350 e Humid
(690-720)
D3 1 Orthic 113 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
16 Humo-Ferric (293) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(Po1-1a) Podzol 4 2,100-2,400 fe Subhumid
(640-730) to humid
D3 1 Orthic 513 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
17 Humo-Ferric (1329) 2 Abitibi Upland moderately cold
(Po1-1a) Podzol 4 800-1,000 d Perhumid
(240-300)
D3 1 Orthic 276 1 James 4 .1 Boreal, cool
18 Humo-Ferric (715) 2 Nipigon Plain ed Humid to
(Po1-1a) Podzol 4 800-1,000 perhumid
(240-300)
D3 1 Orthic 8,734 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
19 Humo-Ferric (22620) 2 Nipigon Plain moderately cold
(Po1-1 a) Podzol 4 800-1,700 d Perhumid
(240-520)
D3 1 Orthic 749 1 Laurentian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
20 Humo-Ferric (1940) 2 Laurentian d Perhumid
(Po1-1a) Podzol Highlands
4 1,500-2,300
(460-700)
D3 1 Orthic 1,519 1 Laurentian 4 .2 Boreal,
21 Humo-Ferric (3934) 2 Laurentian moderately cool
(Po1-1 a) Podzol Highlands d Perhumid
4 200-500
(60-150)
D3 1 Orthic 9,193 1 James 3 .1-2
22 Humo-Ferric (23809) 2 Larch Plateau Cryoboreal,
(Po1-1/2ab) Podzol 4 40-500 cold to
(12-150) Subarctic,
very cold
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic 73,067 1 James 3 .1-2
23 Humo-Ferric (189 236) 2 Lake Plateau Cryoboreal,
(Po1-1/2ab) Podzol 4 1,800-2,400 cold to
(550-730) Subarctic,
very cold
d Perhumid

Physical characteristics
Topography and
Texture and
character of parent
landform
material
-
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Strongly sloping plain Loamy, noncalcareous Productive C 5 1 British Columbia
glacial till, coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
glaciofluvial deposits,
& colluvium
Rockland (igneous)
Gently undulating plain Sandy glaciofluvial Woodland grazing E 8 1 Alberta
deposits Productive 2 Soil survey
mixed forest
Undulating plain Sandy glaciofluvial Woodland grazing D 9 1 Alberta
deposits Productive 2 Soil survey
mixed forest
Undulating plain Sandy, noncalcareous Productive C 15 1 Ontario
glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
lacustrine deposits
Undulating lacustrine plain Sandy, weakly Productive C 15 1 Ontario
calcareous coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
lacustrine deposits
Undulating to gently Sandy, moderately Productive C, D 14 1 Ontario
rolling plain calcareous glacial till coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Undulating plain Sandy, noncalcareous Productive B 18 1 Quebec
glacial till mixed forest 2 Exploratory
Undulating plain Sandy, noncalcareous
glacial till
Improved pasture
& forage
B 18, 19 1 Quebec
2 Soil survey
& glaciofluvial
Productive mixed
deposits
hardwood forest
Undulating to strongly Sandy & loamy Nonproductive D 17 1 Quebec
rolling plain noncalcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Undulating to strongly Sandy & loamy, Nonproductive D 18, 19, 20 1 Quebec
rolling plain noncalcareous glacial coniferous forest 2 Schematic
till & glaciofluvial
deposits

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 138 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
24 Humo-Ferric [(357) 2 Severn Upland moderately cold
(Po1-1b) Podzol 4 1,300-1,500 d Perhumid
3 Rockland (400-460)
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 157 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
25 Humo-Ferric (407) 2 Severn Upland moderately cold
(Po1-1b) Podzol 4 1,300-1,500 d Perhumid
3 Rockland (400-460)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 937 1 James, Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
26 Humo-Ferric (2427) 2 Abitibi Upland moderately cold
(Po1-1b) Podzol Laurentian d Perhumid
Highlands
4 1,400-1,800
(430-550)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 13,735 1 James, Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
27 Humo-Ferric (35572) 2 Abitibi Upland moderately cold
(Po1-1 b) Podzol Laurentian d Perhumid
Highlands
4 1,300-2,100
(400-640)
D3 1 Orthic 2,219 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
28 Humo-Ferric (5747) 2 Boundary Ranges cold
(Po1-1 /2b) Podzol 3 Stikine & Iskut e Humid
Valleys
4 0-5,000
(0-1 520)
D3 1 Orthic 3,560 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
29 Humo-Ferric (9220) 2 Notre Dame Mts . d Perhumid
(Po1-2b) Podzol 4 0-3,700
(0-1 130)
D3 1 Orthic 1,711 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
30 Humo-Ferric (4431) 2 Chaleur Uplands d Perhumid
(Po1-2b) Podzol Notre Dame Mts .
4 200-2,500
(60-760)
D3 1 Orthic 3,289 1 Appalachian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
31 Humo-Ferric (8518) 2 Chaleur Uplands moderately cold
(Po1-2c) Podzol Notre Dame Mts . d Perhumid
4 2,400-3,700
(730-1 130)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 8,162 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
32 Humo-Ferric (21 139) 2 Mistassini Hills moderately cold
(Po1-1 /2ab) Podzol Lake Plateau d Perhumid
4 2,500-3,500
(760-1 070)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 6,323 1 Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
33 Humo-Ferric (16376) 2 MecatinaPlateau moderately cold
(Po1-1 /2ab) Podzol 4 700-1,800 d Perhumid
(210-550)

Topography and
landform
hysical
haracteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Strongly rolling plain Sandy, noncalcareous Productive C 14 1 Ontario
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Rockland (igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling plain Sandy, noncalcareous Productive C 14 1 Ontario
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
Rockland (igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling plain Sandy, stony glacial Productive B 17 1 Quebec
till mixed forest 2 Exploratory
Improved pasture
& forage
Strongly rolling plain Sandy, stony glacial Productive B, C 17, 18 1 Quebec
till & glaciofluvial mixed forest 2 Exploratory
deposits
Strongly rolling plain Sandy to loamy, Productive E 4 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous glacial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
till, glaciofluvial
deposits & colluvium
Strongly rolling plain Sandy & loamy Productive C 20 1 Quebec
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
Improved pasture
& forage
Strongly rolling plain Loamy glacial till Productive B 19, 20 1 New Brunswick
& glaciofluvial mixed forest 2 Exploratory
deposits
Hilly, strongly dissected Loamy glacial till Productive C 20 1 Quebec
peneplain coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Rolling hills Stony, loamy glacial Productive C, D 18, 19 1 Quebec
till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Stony, loamy glacial Nonproductive D, C 21, 22 1 Labrador
till coniferous forest 2 Schematic

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic 409 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
34 Humo-Ferric (1 059) Coastal Lowlands Cryoboreal,
(Po2-2a) Podzol 2 Queen Charlotte cold to
2 Fibrisol Lowland moderately cold
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 0-200 Mm Maritime
Orthic (0-60) influence
Ferro-Humic d Perhumid
Podzol c Subaquic
inclusions
D3 1 Orthic 266 1 Cordilleran 4 .1-3 .2
35 Humo-Ferric (689) 2 Vancouver Island Boreal, cool to
(Po2-2a) Podzol Ranges Cryoboreal,
2 Fibrisol 3 Nahwitti Lowland moderately cold
3 Orthic Gleysol, 4 0-1,000 Mm Maritime
Orthic (0-300) influence
Ferro-Humic d Perhumid
Podzol c Subaquic
inclusions
D3 1 Orthic 759 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
36 Humo-Ferric (1966) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(Po2-1a) Podzol 3 Bow River Plain cold to
3 Fibrisol, Orthic Lac La Range moderately cold
Dystric Brunisol Lowland e Humid
4 1,200-1,500 c Subaquic
(370-460) inclusions
D3 1 Orthic 138 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
37 Humo-Ferric (357) 2 Saskatchewan Cryoboreal,
(Po2-1a) Podzol Plain cold to
2 Fibrisol, Orthic 3 White Swan moderately cold
Dystric Brunisol Upland e Humid
4 1,800-2,000 c Subaquic
(550-610)
inclusions
D3 1 Orthic 1,874 1 Laurentian 3 .1-3 .2
38 Humo-Ferric (4853) 2 Melville Plain Cryoboreal,
(Po2-1a) Podzol 4 100-200 cold to
2 Fibrisol (30-60) moderately cold
d Perhumid
c Subaquic
inclusions
D3 1 Orthic 5,104 1 Laurentian, 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
39 Humo-Ferric (13219) St . Lawrence moderately cold
(Po2-1a) Podzol Lowlands d Perhumid
2 Fibrisol 2 Laurentian c Subaquic
Highlands inclusions
East St . Lawrence
Lowland
4 100-600
(30-180)

Physical characteristics
Reference
Topography and
Texture and
character of parent Vegetation and Geographic grid 1 Source
landform material land use reference 2 Reliability
Undulating plain Loamy, noncalcareous Productive D3 1 British Columbia
glacial till coniferous 2 Schematic
& glaciomarine upland forest,
deposits nonproductive
coniferous
lowland forest
Gently undulating plain Loamy, noncalcareous
glacial till
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Productive
coniferous
upland forest
C5 1 British Columbia
2 Schematic
Undulating plain Sandy glaciofluvial Productive D 10 1 Saskatchewan
deposits & alluvium coniferous 2 Exploratory
upland forest,
nonproductive
coniferous
lowland forest
Outdoor recreation
Undulating plain Sandy glaciofluvial Productive mixed D10 1 Saskatchewan
& alluvial -lacustrine upland forest, 2 Exploratory
deposits nonproductive
coniferous
lowland forest
Undulating plain Sandy glaciofluvial Productive D 21 1 Quebec
deposits coniferous 2 Schematic
upland forest,
nonproductive
lowland forest
Undulating plain Sandy glacial till Productive C 19, 20, 21, 22 1 Quebec
& glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
deposits
Improved pasture
& forage

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic 2,140 1 Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
40 Humo-Ferric (5542) 2 Laurentian moderately cold
(Po2-1a) Podzol Highlands d Perhumid
2 Fibrisol 3 Saguenay c Subaquic
4 300-500 inclusions
(90-150)
D3 1 Orthic 22,366 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
41 Humo-Ferric (57926) Laurentian moderately cold
(Po2-1a) Podzol 2 Abitibi Upland d Perhumid
2 Fibrisol Laurentian c Subaquic
Highlands inclusions
4 800-1,600
(240-490)
D3 1 Orthic 838 1 James 3.2 Cryoboreal,
42 Humo-Ferric (2170) 2 Eastmain Lowland moderately cold
(Po2-1a) Podzol 4 800-1,200 d Perhumid
2 Fibrisol (240-370) c Subaquic
inclusions
D3 1 Orthic Stony 25,301 1 Kazan 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
43 Humo-Ferric (65527) 2 Athabasca Plain cold
(Po2-1b) Podzol 4 1,500-2,100 e Humid
2 Fibrisol (460-640) c Subaquic
3 Orthic Dystric inclusions
Brunisol
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 424 1 Laurentian 5 .1 Mesic, mild
44 H umo-Ferric (1098) 2 Laurentian e Humid
(Po2-1/2b) Podzol Highlands c Subaquic
2 Fibrisol 4 600-800 inclusions
3 Rockland (180-240)
D3 1 Orthic 493 1 Cordilleran 3.1-3 .2
45 Humo-Ferric (1 277) Coastal Lowlands Cryoboreal,
(Po2-2a) Podzol 2 Queen Charlotte cold to
2 Fibrisol Lowland moderately cold
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 0-500 Mm Maritime
Orthic (0-150) influence
Ferro-Humic d Perhumid
Podzol c Subaquic
inclusions
D3 1 Orthic 1,173 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
46 Humo-Ferric (3038) 2 Northern Rocky cold
(Poll-la) Podzol Mt . Trench ef Humid to
3 Orthic Dystric 3 Parsnip Valley subhumid
Brunisol 4 2,000-2,500
Orthic Gray (610-760)
Luvisol

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Sandy, noncalcareous Productive mixed C19 1 Quebec
lacustrine upland forest, 2 Soil survey
& glaciofluvial nonproductive
deposits
coniferous
lowland forest
Improved pasture
& forage
Undulating plain Sandy glacial till Productive C 17, 18 1 Quebec
& glaciofluvial coniferous 2 Schematic
deposits
upland forest,
nonproductive
lowland forest
Undulating plain Sandy, noncalcareous Productive C18 1 Quebec
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Strongly rolling plain Sandy, stony glacial Nonproductive E9,10 1 Saskatchewan
till & glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
deposits
Strongly rolling plain Sandy & loamy Nonproductive B17 1 Ontario
weakly calcareous coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
thin glacial till, Woodland grazing
Rockland (igneous, Improved pasture
metamorphic) & forage
Undulating plain Loamy, noncalcareous Nonproductive D3,4 1 British Columbia
glacial till coniferous 2 Schematic
& glaciofluvial lowland forest,
deposits productive
upland forest
Undulating plain Sandy, weakly Productive D6 1 British Columbia
calcareous glacial till coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
& glaciofluvial Reservoir
deposits

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic 1,208 1 Appalachian 4 .2 Boreal,
47 Humo-Ferric (3128) 2 Nova Scotia moderately cool
(Po11-2bc) Podzol Highlands d Perhumid
2 Orthic Dystric 3 Cobequid Mts .
Brunisol Antigonish
3 Cumulic Regosol Highlands
Orthic Gleysol 4 600-1,200
(180-370)
D3 1 Orthic 2,830 1 Appalachian 4 .2 Boreal,
48 Humo-Ferric (7329) 2 New Brunswick moderately cool
(Po11-2bc) Podzol Highlands d Perhumid
2 Orthic Dystric
4 0-1,200
Brunisol
(0-370)
D3 1 Orthic 1,129 1 Appalachian 5 .1 Mesic, mild
49 H umo-Ferric (2924) 2 Atlantic Uplands Mm Maritime
(Poll-1/2b) Podzol of Nova Scotia influence
2 Orthic Dystric 3 Atlantic Peneplain d Perhumid
Brunisol
4 0-400
3 Orthic Gleysol
(0-120)
D3 1 Orthic 967 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
50 Humo-Ferric (2 504) Central Plateau & Cryoboreal,
(Poll 1-2b) Podzol Mountain Area cold to
2 Orthic Dystric 2 Nass Basin, moderately cold
Brunisol Hazelton Mts . fe Subhumid
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 300-2,500 to humid
(90-760)
D3 1 Orthic 2,308 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
51 Humo-Ferric (2977) Kazan cold
(Po4-1 b) Podzol 2 Saskatchewan fe Subhumid
2 Degraded Dystric Plain to humid
Brunisol
Athabasca Plain
3 Orthic Regosol
4 700-1,500
Orthic Gleysol
(210-460)
D3 1 Orthic 2,091 1 Kazan 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
52 Humo-Ferric (5415) 2 Athabasca Plain cold
(Po4-1 b) Podzol 4 700-1,000 fe Subhumid
2 Degraded Dystric (210-300) to humid
Brunisol
3 Orthic Regosol
D3 1 Ortho Stony 8,088 1 Appalachian 5 .1 Mesic, mild
53 H umo-Ferric (20947) 2 Atlantic Uplands Mm Maritime
(Po13-1/2b) Podzol of Nova Scotia influence
2 Orthic Gleysol 3 Atlantic Peneplain d Perhumid
3 Fibrisol 4 50-500 c Subaquic
Cumulic Regosol (20-150) inclusions
Orthic
Ferro-Humic
Podzol

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling to strongly Loamy glacial till Productive B 20, 21 1 Nova Scotia
rolling hills & glaciofluvial mixed forest 2 Soil survey
deposits Woodland grazing
Improved pasture
& forage
Rolling to strongly Loamy glacial till Productive B 20 1 New Brunswick
rolling hills & glaciofluvial mixed forest 2 Soil survey
deposits Field crops
Improved pasture
& forage
Undulating & rolling Sandy & loamy Productive B 20 1 Nova Scotia
noncalcareous glacial mixed forest 2 Soil survey
till & glaciofluvial Field crops
deposits
Improved pasture
& forage
Rolling plain Loamy, noncalcareous Productive D 4 1 British Columbia
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Undulating plain Sandy aeolian Nonproductive E 9 1 Alberta
deposits & alluvium coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
Strongly rolling plain Sandy, glaciofluvial Nonproductive E 9, 10 1 Saskatchewan
& aeolian deposits coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
Barren nonvegetated
sands
Rolling plain Loamy, stony glacial Productive A, B 20, 21 1 Nova Scotia
till mixed forest 2 Soil survey
Field crops
Improved pasture
& forage

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic 766 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
54 Humo-Ferric (1984) 2 Maritime Plain Mm Maritime
(Po13-1/2b) Podzol 3 Prince Edward influence
3 Orthic Gleysol Island d Perhumid
4 50-500 c Subaquic
(20-150) inclusions
D3 1 Orthic 532 1 Appalachian 4 .2 Boreal,
55 H umo- Ferric (1378) 2 Eastern Quebec moderately cool
(Po13-1b) Podzol Uplands d Perhumid
2 Orthic Gleysol 4 600-1,400 c Subaquic
(180-430) inclusions
D3 1 Orthic 24 1 Appalachian 4 .2 Boreal,
56 Humo-Ferric (62) 2 Eastern Quebec moderately cool
(Po13-1 b) Podzol Uplands d Perhumid
2 Orthic Gleysol 4 200-2,000 c Subaquic
(60-610) inclusions
D3 1 Orthic Stony 4,715 1 Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
57 H umo-Ferric Rocky (12211) 2 Hamilton Plateau moderately cold
(Po13-1a) Podzol 4 500-1,200 d Perhumid
2 Orthic Gleysol (150-370) b Aquic
3 Fibrisol inclusions
Rockland
D3 1 Orthic 612 1 St . Lawrence 4 .2 Boreal,
58 Humo-Ferric (1 585) Lowlands moderately cool
(Po13-1a) Podzol 2 Central d Perhumid
2 Orthic Gleysol St. Lawrence c Subaquic
3 Fibrisol Lowland inclusions
4 200-400
(60-120)
D3 1 Orthic 5,188 1 Appalachian 3.2 Cryoboreal,
59 Humo-Ferric (13436) 2 Newfoundland moderately cold
(Po13-1/2a) Podzol Central Lowland Mm Maritime
2 Orthic Gleysol 4 400-800 influence
3 Cumulic Regosol (120-240) d Perhumid
Orthic c Subaquic
Ferro-Humic inclusions
Podzol
D3 1 Orthic 3,512 1 St . Lawrence 4 .1 Boreal, cool
60 H umo-Ferric (9096) Lowlands d Perhumid
(Po13-2a) Podzol 2 East St . Lawrence c Subaquic
2 Orthic Gleysol Lowland inclusions
3 Fibrisol 4 0-1,000
(0-300)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling plain Sandy to loamy Improved pasture B21 1 Prince Edward
glacial till & forage Island
2 Soil survey
Strongly rolling Sandy, weakly
to noncalcareous
Field crops
Improved pasture
B18 1 Quebec
2 Soil survey
glacial till
& forage
& glaciofluvial
Productive
deposits
mixed forest
Strongly rolling Sandy, weakly Field crops B18 1 Quebec
to noncalcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
Productive hardwood
upland forest,
nonproductive
coniferous lowland
forest
Undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial
till & glaciofluvial
Nonproductive
coniferous
D21,22 1 Labrador
2 Soil survey
deposits
upland forest,
Local bedrock
productive
(igneous,
coniferous
metamorphic)
lowland forest
Undulating plain Sandy, noncalcareous
lacustrine
Field crops
Improved pasture
B 18, 19 1 Quebec
2 Exploratory
& glaciofluvial
deposits
& forage
Undulating plain Sandy & loamy Productive C 22, 23 1 Newfoundland
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
& glaciofluvial Field crops
deposits Improved pasture
& forage
Undulating plain Loamy, weakly Field crops C, B 18, 19, 20 1 Quebec
& noncalcareous Improved pasture 2 Exploratory
lacustrine & alluvial & forage
deposits, glacial till Productive mixed
upland forest,
productive coniferous
lowland forest

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS-cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic 2,175 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
61 Humo-Ferric (5633) 2 Maritime Plain Mm Maritime
(Po13-1/2a) Podzol 4 50-300 influence
2 Orthic Gleysol (20-90) d Perhumid
3 Fibrisol c Subaquic
inclusions
D3 1 Orthic 941 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
62 Humo-Ferric (2437) 2 Maritime Plain Mn Maritime
(Po13-1/2a) Podzol 3 Prince Edward influence
2 Orthic Gleysol Island e Humid
3 Fibrisol 4 200-500 c Subaquic
(60-150)
inclusions
D3 1 Orthic Stony 8,693 1 Appalachian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
63 H umo-Ferric Rocky (22514) 2 Atlantic Uplands moderately cold
(Po13-2a) Podzol of Newfoundland Mm Maritime
2 Orthic Gleysol 4 400-1,200 influence
3 Fibrisol (120-370) d Perhumid
Rockland c Subaquic
Orthic inclusions
Ferro-H umic
Podzol
03 1 Orthic Stony 402 1 Appalachian 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
64 Humo-Ferric Rocky (1041) 2 Newfoundland cold
(Po13-2a) Podzol Highlands d Perhumid
2 Orthic Gleysol 4 100-500 b Aquic
3 Fibrisol (30-150) inclusions
Rockland
D3 1 Orthic 487 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
65 Humo-Ferric (1 261) 2 Maritime Plain d Perhumid
(Po13-2a) Podzol 3 Prince Edward c Subaquic
2 Orthic Gleysol Island inclusions
3 Orthic Regosol 4 50-200
(20-60)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 7,275 1 Appalachian 4 .1-4 .2
66 Humo-Ferric Rocky (18841) 2 Eastern Quebec Boreal, cool to
(Po13-2a) Podzol Uplands moderately cool
2 Orthic Gleysol 4 200-500 d Perhumid
3 Fibrisol (60-150) c Subaquic
Rockland
inclusions
D3 1 Orthic Stony 508 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
67 Humo-Ferric (1 316) 2 Maritime Plain Mn Maritime
(Po13-2a) Podzol 4 0-600 influence
2 Orthic Gleysol (0-180) d Perhumid
3 Fibrisol c Subaquic
inclusions

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Sandy & loamy Field crops B 20 1 New Brunswick
glacial till & marine Improved pasture 2 Exploratory
deposits & forage
Productive
mixed forest
Undulating plain Sandy & loamy Improved pasture B 21 1 Prince Edward
glacial till & forage Island
& glaciofluvial Field crops 2 Soil survey
deposits Productive
mixed upland
& lowland forest
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till
& glaciofluvial
Productive
coniferous
B, C 22, 23 1 Newfoundland
2 Schematic
deposits
upland forest,
Rockland
nonproductive
(igneous,
lowland forest
metamorphic)
Field crops
Improved pasture
& forage
Undulating plain Stony, loamy glacial Productive C 22 1 Newfoundland
till & glaciofluvial coniferous 2 Exploratory
deposits upland forest,
nonproductive
lowland forest
Field crops
Improved pasture
& forage
Undulating plain Loamy & sandy Field crops B 20, 21 1 Prince Edward
glacial till Improved pasture Island
& forage
Productive
mixed forest
2 Soil survey
Undulating plain Stony, loamy, Field crops B 18, 19 1 Quebec
noncalcareous glacial Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
till, glaciofluvial & forage
& alluvial deposits Productive
Rockland mixed forest
(sedimentary)
Undulating plain Stony, loamy, & sandy Productive B 20, 21 1 Nova Scotia
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
Field crops
Improved pasture
& forage

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant 1 Region
> 20% area Area 2 Division Soil climate
Symbol 3 Significant 3 Local subdivision
Canadian inclusions sq mi 4 Range of Temperature class
(FAO/UNESCO)
10-20%
Phase (km 2)
elevation, ft (m) Moisture subclass
D3
68
(Po13-2bc)
1 Orthic
Rocky 434
1 Appalachian
3 .2 Cryoboreal,
Humo-Ferric
(1 124) 2 Atlantic Uplands
moderately cold
Podzol
of Newfoundland Mm Maritime
2 Orthic Gfeysol
4 100-600
influence
3 Fibrisol
(30-180)
d Perhumid
Orthic Humic c Subaquic
Podzol
Rockland
inclusions
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 2,723 1 Appalachian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
69 Humo-Ferric (7052) 2 Atlantic Uplands moderately cold
(Po13-2b) Podzol of Newfoundland Mm Maritime
2 Orthic Gleysol 4 100-900 influence
3 Fibrisol (30-270) d Perhumid
Orthic Humic c Subaquic
Podzol inclusions
Rockland
D3 1 Orthic Stony 2,501 1 Appalachian 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
70 Humo-Ferric (6477) 2 Newfoundland cold
(Po13-2b) Podzol Highlands d Perhumid
2 Orthic Gleysol 4 200-1,500 c Subaquic
3 Fibrisol (60-460) inclusions
Orthic Humic
Podzol
Rockland
D3 1 Orthic Stony 8,386 1 Appalachian 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
71 Humo-Ferric Rocky (21719) 2 Atlantic Uplands cold
(Po13-2b) Podzol of Newfoundland d Perhumid
2 Orthic Newfoundland b Aquic
Ferro-Humic Highlands inclusions
Podzol 4 800-1,500
Orthic Gleysol (240-460)
3 Fibrisol
Rockland
D3 1 Orthic 5,622 1 Appalachian 4 .1-4 .2
72 Humo-Ferric (14560) 2 Chaleur Uplands Boreal, cool to
(Po13-2b) Podzol New Brunswick moderately cool
2 Orthic Highlands d Perhumid
Ferro-Humic Maritime Plain c Subaquic
Podzol 4 400-1,000 inclusions
Orthic Gleysol (120-300)
3 Cumulic Regosol
D3 1 Orthic Stony 937 1 Appalachian 4 .2 Boreal,
73 H umo-Ferric (2427) 2 Chaleur Uplands moderately cool
(Po13-2b) Podzol 4 100-1,400 d Perhumid
2 Orthic (30-430) c Subaquic
Ferro-Humic inclusions
Podzol
Orthic Gleysol
3 Cumulic Regosol

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling to strongly Loamy & sandy Productive C 23 1 Newfoundland
rolling plain glacial till, coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
glaciofluvial deposits Field crops
Rockland Improved pasture
& forage
Rolling hills Loamy & sandy Nonproductive B, C 23 1 Newfoundland
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
Field crops
Improved pasture
& forage
Strongly rolling hills Stony, loamy glacial Nonproductive C 22, 23 1 Newfoundland
till & glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
deposits
Rolling hills Stony, loamy glacial Nonproductive B, C 22 1 Newfoundland
till & glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Strong rolling plain Loamy glacial till Productive B 20 1 New Brunswick
mixed forest 2 Soil survey
Field crops
Improved pasture
& forage
Strongly rolling plain Stony, loamy Field crops 8 20 1 New Brunswick
glacial till Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
& forage
Nonproductive
coniferous forest

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic Stony 419 1 Appalachian 4 .2 Boreal,
74 Humo-Ferric (1085) 2 Atlantic Uplands moderately cool
(Po13-2b) Podzol of Nova Scotia d Perhumid
2 Orthic 3 Boisdale, b Aquic
Ferro-Humic Coxheath, & East inclusions
Podzol Bay Hills
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 100-700
(30-210)
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 1,529 1 Appalachian 4 .2 Boreal,
75 Humo-Ferric (3 960) 2 Atlantic Uplands moderately cool
(Po13-2b) Podzol of Nova Scotia d Perhumid
2 Orthic 2 Nova Scotia b Aquic
Ferro-Humic Highlands inclusions
Podzol
4 200-800
3 Fibrisol
Orthic Gleysol
Rockland
(60-240)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 672 1 Appalachian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
76 H umo-Ferric Rocky (1 740) 2 Atlantic Uplands moderately cold
(Po13-2bc) Podzol of Newfoundland d Perhumid
2 Orthic 4 300-1,000 c Subaquic
Ferro-Humic (90-300) inclusions
Podzol
Orthic Gleysol
3 Fibrisol
Rockland
D3 1 Orthic Stony 1,803 1 Appalachian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
77 Humo-Ferric Rocky (4669) 2 Atlantic Uplands moderately cold
(Po13-2bc) Podzol of Newfoundland Mm Maritime
2 Orthic 4 300-1,000 influence
Ferro-Humic (90-300) d Perhumid
Podzol c Subaquic
Orthic Gleysol
3 Fibrisol
Rockland
inclusions
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 54 1 Appalachian 4 .2 Boreal,
78 Humo-Ferric (140) 2 New Brunswick moderately cool
(Po13-2b) Podzol Highlands d Perhumid
2 Orthic 3 Grand Manan c Subaquic
Ferro-Humic Island inclusions
Podzol 4 0-400
Orthic Gleysol (0-120)
3 Fibrisol
Rockland
D3 1 Orthic Stony 10,735 1 Appalachian 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
79 Humo-Ferric Rocky (27802) 2 Newfoundland cold
(Po13-2c) Podzol Highlands d Perhumid
2 Orthic Gleysol 3 Long Range Mts . b Aquic
3 Fibrisol 4 100-2,000 inclusions
Rockland
(30-610)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Strongly rolling hills Stony, loamy Productive mixed B 21 1 Nova Scotia
glacial till upland forest, 2 Soil survey
nonproductive
coniferous
lowland forest
Strongly rolling plain Loamy glacial till Productive B 21 1 Nova Scotia
& glaciofluvial mixed forest 2 Soil survey
deposits Improved pasture
Rockland & forage
(sedimentary) Woodland grazing
Strongly rolling hills Stony, loamy Field crops B, C 23 1 Newfoundland
glacial till Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
Rockland & forage
(sedimentary) Nonproductive
coniferous forest
Strongly rolling plain Stony, loamy & sandy Field crops B 23 1 Newfoundland
glacial till Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
Rockland & forage
(sedimentary)
Nonproductive
coniferous forest
Rolling plain Loamy glacial till Field crops B 20 1 New Brunswick
& glaciofluvial Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
deposits & forage
Rockland Productive
(igneous, coniferous forest
metamorphic)
Rolling to steep hills Stony, loamy glacial Nonproductive C,B22 1 Newfoundland
till coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic,
sedimentary)

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS - cont'd .
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant 1 Region
> 20% area Area 2 Division Soil climate
Symbol 3 Significant 3 Local subdivision
Canadian inclusions sq mi 4 Range of Temperature class
(FAO/UNESCO) 10-20% Phase (km 1) elevation, ft (m) Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic Stony 381 1 Appalachian 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
80 Humo-Ferric Rocky (987) 2 Atlantic Uplands cold
(Po13-2c) Podzol of Newfoundland d Perhumid
2 Orthic Gleysol 4 1,000-1,600 b Aquic
3 Fibrisol (300-490) inclusions
Rockland
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 476 1 Appalachian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
81
Humo-Ferric
(1 233) 2 Atlantic Uplands
moderately cold
(Po13-2b)
Podzol
of Newfoundland Mm Maritime
2 Orthic Gleysol
4 800-1,200
influence
3 Fibrisol
(240-370)
d Perhumid
Rockland
b Aquic
inclusions
D3 1 Orthic Stony 5,602 1 Appalachian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
82 Humo-Ferric Rocky (14509) 2 New Brunswick moderately cold
(Poll 3-2bc) Podzol Highlands d Perhumid
2 Orthic Gleysol 4 900-2,500 d Aquic
3 Fibrisol (270-760) inclusions
Rockland
D3 1 Orthic Stony 1,859 1 Appalachian 4 .2 Boreal,
83 Humo-Ferric Rocky (4815) 2 Nova Scotia moderately cool
(Po13-2bc) Podzol Highlands d Perhumid
2 Orthic Gleysol 3 Cape Breton c Subaquic
3 Fibrisol Island inclusions
Rockland 4 100-1,700
Orthic (30-520)
Ferro-Humic
Podzol
D3 1 Orthic Stony 582 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
84 H umo-Ferric Rocky (1 507) 2 Sutton Mts . d Perhumid
(Po15-1c) Podzol 4 500-3,600 c Subaquic
2 Orthic Gleysol (150-1 100) inclusions
Rockland
D3 1 Orthic Stony 53,990 1 Kazan 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
85 Humo-Ferric Rocky (139 829) 2 Kazan Upland cold
(Po3-1b) Podzol 4 1,400-1,800 e Humid
2 Fibrisol (430-550) b Aquic
Rockland inclusions
3 Orthic Dystric
Brunisol
D3 1 Orthic Stony 2,485 1 Appalachian 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
86 Humo-Ferric Rocky (6436) 2 Newfoundland cold
(Poll 3-2a) Podzol Central Lowland Mm Maritime
2 Orthic Gleysol 4 100-500 influence
3 Fibrisol (30-150) d Perhumid
Rockland b Aquic
inclusions

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling to steep hills Stony, loamy glacial Nonproductive B 22 1 Newfoundland
till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
sedimentary)
Strongly rolling hills Loamy glacial till Nonproductive B 23 1 Newfoundland
Rockland coniferous forest 2 Schematic
(igneous,
sedimentary)
Strongly rolling to steep Stony, loamy & sandy Productive B 20 1 New Brunswick
hills glacial till mixed forest 2 Exploratory
Rockland
(sedimentary)
Rolling to steep hills Stony, loamy glacial Productive mixed B21 1 Nova Scotia
till upland forest, 2 Soil survey
nonproductive
coniferous
lowland forest
Field crops
(mixed grains)
Improved pasture
& forage
Mountainous Stony, sandy & loamy Productive B 18, 19 1 Quebec
glacial till mixed forest 2 Soil survey
Improved pasture
& forage
Field crops
Strongly rolling plain Stony, sandy glacial Productive D, E 9, 10, 11, 12 1 Saskatchewan
till & glaciofluvial coniferous Manitoba
deposits upland forest, 2 Exploratory
Rockland nonproductive
(igneous, coniferous
metamorphic) lowland forest
Outdoor recreation
Undulating plain Stony, loamy glacial Nonproductive C 22, 23 1 Newfoundland
till & glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
deposits & marsh
Rough grazing

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic Stony 690 1 Appalachian 4 .2 Boreal,
87 Humo-Ferric Rocky (1 787) 2 Atlantic Uplands moderately cool
(Po12-2a) Podzol of Nova Scotia d Perhumid
2 Orthic Gleysol 4 50-400 c Subaquic
Rockland (20-120) inclusions
D3 1 Orthic Stony 449 1 Appalachian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
88 Humo-Ferric (1 163) 2 Atlantic Uplands moderately cold
(Po13-2a) Podzol of Newfoundland d Perhumid
2 Orthic Gleysol 3 Burin Peninsula c Subaquic
3 Fibrisol 4 600-1,000 inclusions
Orthic
Ferro-Humic
Podzol
(180-300)
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 78 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
89 Humo-Ferric (202) Coastal Lowlands cold
(Po10-2b) Podzol 3 Pearce Island de Perhumid
2 Rockland 4 0-2,900 to humid
(0-880)
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 173 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
90 Humo-Ferric (443) 2 Coastal Lowlands cold
(Po10-2b) Podzol 3 Porcher Island de Perhumid
2 Rockland 4 0-2,900 to humid
(0-880)
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 413 1 Cordilleran 3.1-3.2
91 Humo-Ferric (1070) 2 Hecate Lowland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2c) Podzol 3 Pitt Island cold to
2 Rockland 4 0-3,700 moderately cold
(0-1 130) Mx Mountain
influence
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 266 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
92 Humo-Ferric (689) 2 Hecate Lowland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-2b) Podzol 3 Banks Island cold to
2 Rockland 4 0-1,000 moderately cold
(0-300)
Mx Mountain
influence
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 714 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
93 Humo-Ferric (1 849) 2 Queen Charlotte Cryoboreal,
(Po10-2b) Podzol Ranges cold to
2 Rockland 3 Skidegate Plateau moderately cold
3 Orthic 4 0-3,500 Mm Mt. Maritime &
Ferro-Humic (0-1 070) mountain
Podzol influences
d Perhumid

Topography and
landform
Physical char acteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating to rolling plain Stony, loamy glacial Productive mixed B 21, 22 1 Nova Scotia
till & glaciofluvial upland forest, 2 Soil survey
deposits
nonproductive
Rockland coniferous
(sedimentary) lowland forest
Improve pasture
& forage
Field crops
Undulating to rolling plain Stony, loamy glacial Nonproductive B 23 1 Newfoundland
till & glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
deposits Marshland
Improved pasture
& forage
Rough grazing
Strongly rolling plain Loamy & sandy, Productive D 4 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till
Rockland (igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling plain Loamy glacial till Productive D 4 1 British Columbia
Rockland coniferous forest 2 Schematic
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling plain Sandy to loamy, Productive D 4 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling plain Loamy to sandy, Productive D 4 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling plain Loamy, noncalcareous Productive D 3 1 British Columbia
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 217 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
94 Humo-Ferric (562) 2 Queen Charlotte Cryoboreal,
(Poll 0-2b) Podzol Ranges cold to
2 Rockland 4 0-3,500 moderately cold
3 Orthic (0-1 070) Mm Mt Maritime &
Ferro-Humic mountain
Podzol influences
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 162 1 Cordilleran 3.1-3 .2
95 Humo-Ferric (419) 2 Hecate Lowland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2b) Podzol 3 Aristazabal Island cold to
2 Rockland 4 0-1,200 moderately cold
3 Orthic (0-370) Mm Maritime
Ferro-Humic
influence
Podzol d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Stony 6,539 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
96 H umo-Ferric Rocky (16935) 2 Coast Mountain Cryoboreal,
(Poll 0-1/2c) Podzol Area cold to
2 Rockland 3 Kitimat Ranges moderately cold
3 Orthic 4 0-7,500 Mm, Mx
Ferro-Humic (0-2290) Maritime &
Podzol
mountain
influences
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 110 1 Cordilleran 3.1-3 .2
97 Humo-Ferric (285) 2 Hecate Lowland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2b) Podzol 3 Swindle Island cold to
2 Rockland 4 0-1,200 moderately cold
3 Orthic (0-370) Mm Maritime
Ferro-Humic
influence
Podzol d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 64 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
98 Humo-Ferric (166) 2 Hecate Lowland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2b) Podzol 3 Price Island cold to
2 Rockland 4 0-1,200 moderately cold
3 Orthic (0-370) Mm Maritime
Ferro-Humic
influence
Podzol d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Stony 552 1 Cordilleran 3.1-3.2
99 Humo-Ferric Rocky (1430) 2 Queen Charlotte Cryoboreal,
(Po10-2c) Podzol Ranges cold to
2 Rockland 3 Graham Island moderately cold
3 Orthic 4 0-2,800 Mm Maritime
Ferro-Humic (0-850) influence
Podzol d Perhumid

Physical characteristics
Texture and
Topography and character of parent
landform material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Strongly rolling plain Loamy, noncalcareous Productive D 3, 4 1 British Columbia
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Rockland
(sedimentary)
Strongly rolling plain Loamy & sandy, Productive D 4 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Steeply sloping mountains Stony, sandy & loamy, Productive D 4,5 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till
& colluvium
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling plain Loamy & sandy, Productive D 4 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling plain Loamy & sandy, Productive D 4 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Steeply sloping mountains Stony, loamy, Productive D 3 1 British Columbia
noncalcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till
Rockland
(igneous)

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS - cont'd .
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant 1 Region
> 20% area Area 2 Division Soil climate
Symbol 3 Significant 3 Local subdivision
Canadian inclusions sq mi 4 Range of Temperature class
(FAO/UNESCO) 10-20% Phase (km=) elevation, ft (m) Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic Stony 858 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
100
Humo-Ferric Rocky (2222) 2 Queen Charlotte
Cryoboreal,
(Poll 0-2c)
Podzol
Ranges
cold to
2 Rockland
3 Moresby Island
moderately cold
3 Orthic
4 0-3,500
Mm, Mx
Ferro-Humic
(0-1 070)
Maritime &
Podzol
mountain
influences
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 64 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
101 H umo-Ferric (166) 2 Hecate Lowland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2c) Podzol 3 Campania Island cold to
2 Rockland 4 0-2,000 moderately cold
3 Orthic (0-610) Mm Maritime
Ferro-Humic influence
Podzol d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Stony 78 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
102 Humo-Ferric Rocky (202) 2 Hecate Lowland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2c) Podzol 3 Hawksbury Island cold to
2 Rockland 4 0-3,000 moderately cold
3 Orthic (0-910) Mm Maritime
Ferro-Humic influence
Podzol d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Stony 720 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3.2
103 Humo-Ferric Rocky (1 865) 2 Hecate Lowland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2c) Podzol 3 Prince Royal cold to
2 Rockland Island moderately cold
3 Orthic 4 0-4,000 Mm, Mx
Ferro-H umic (0-2120) Maritime &
Podzol
mountain
influences
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Stony 4,177 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
105 H umo-Ferric Rocky (10818) 2 Coast Mountains Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2c) Podzol 3 Kitimat Ranges cold to
2 Rockland 4 0-7,800 moderately cold
3 Orthic Regosol (0-2380) Mm, Mx
Maritime &
mountain
influences
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Stony 19,653 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
106 Humo-Ferric Rocky (50899) Southern Plateau cold
(Po10-2c) Podzol & Mountain Area Mx Mountain
2 Rockland 2 Columbia influence
3 Alpine Dystric
Highlands &
fe Subhumid
Brunisol
Mountains
to humid
Orthic
4 1,400-1,800
Ferro-Humic (430-550)
Podzol

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS - cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3
107
(Po10-1/2c)
1 Orthic
Humo-Ferric
Podzol
2 Rockland
3 Orthic
Ferro-Humic
Stony
Rocky
1,144
(2963)
1 Cordilleran
2 Coast Mountains
Hecate Lowland
3 Kitimat Ranges
4 0-5,000
(0-1 520)
3 .1-3 .2
Cryoboreal,
cold to
moderately cold
Mm, Mx
Maritime &
Podzol
mountain
influences
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Stony 242 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
108 H umo-Ferric Rocky (628) 2 Hecate Lowland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2c) Podzol Coast Mountains cold to
2 Rockland 3 King Island moderately cold
3 Orthic 4 0-3,000 Mm, Mx
Ferro-Humic (0-910) Maritime &
Podzol
mountain
influences
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 40 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
109 Humo-Ferric (104) 2 Hecate Lowland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2b) Podzol
2 Rockland
3 Denny Island
4 0-3,000
cold to
moderately cold
3 Orthic (0-910) Mm, Mx
Ferro-Humic
Podzol
Maritime &
mountain
influences
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Stony 2,702 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
110 Humo-Ferric Rocky (6998) 2 Coast Mountains Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2c) Podzol 3 Pacific Ranges cold to
2 Rockland Georgia Lowland moderately cold
3 Orthic 4 0-5,000 Mm, Mx
Ferro-Humic (0-1 520) Maritime &
Podzol
mountain
influences
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Stony 2,713 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
111 Humo-Ferric Rocky (7026) Coastal Lowlands Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2c) Podzol 2 Georgia Lowland cold to
2 Rockland 4 0-4,000 moderately cold
3 Orthic (0-1 220) d Perhumid
Ferro-Humic
Podzol
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 127 1 Cordilleran 3.1-3 .2
112 Humo-Ferric (329) 2 Hecate Lowland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2b) Podzol
2 Rockland
3 Calvert Island
4 0-3,000
cold to
moderately cold
3 Orthic (0-910) Mm, Mx
Ferro-H umic
Podzol
Maritime &
mountain
influences
d Perhumid

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Steeply sloping Stony, loamy to sandy, Productive C, D 5 1 British Columbia
mountains noncalcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Steeply sloping Stony, loamy Productive D 5 1 British Columbia
mountains to sandy, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
noncalcareous
glacial till
& colluvium
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling plain Loamy & sandy Productive C 4,5 1 British Columbia
glacial till, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Steeply sloping Stony, sandy Productive C 5 1 British Columbia
mountains & loamy glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Steeply sloping Stony, sandy Productive C 5 1 British Columbia
mountains & loamy glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
& colluvium
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling plain Loamy & sandy Productive C 4, 5 1 British Columbia
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3
113
1 Orthic
Humo-Ferric
Rocky
(1
389
007)
1 Cordilleran
Coastal Lowlands
3 .1-3 .2
Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2ac) Podzol
2 Rockland
2 Georgia Lowland
4 0-3,000
cold to
moderately cold
3 Orthic (0-910) Mm, Mx
Ferro-Humic
Podzol
Maritime &
mountain
influences
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Stony 5,844 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
114 Humo-Ferric Rocky (15135) 2 Coast Mountains cold
(Po10-1/2c) Podzol 3 Pacific Ranges e Humid
2 Rockland
4 1,000-9,000
3 Orthic Regosol (300-2740)
D3
115
1 Orthic
Humo-Ferric
Rocky 140
(362)
1 Cordilleran
2 Hecate Lowland
3 .1-3 .2
Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2b) Podzol
2 Rockland
3 Hunter Island
4 0-3,000
cold to
moderately cold
3 Orthic (0-910) Mm, Mx
Ferro-Humic
Maritime &
Podzol
mountain
influences
d Perhumid
D3
116
1 Orthic
Humo-Ferric
Stony
Rocky
1,036
(2683)
1 Cordilleran
2 Coast Mountains
3 .1-3 .2
Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2c) Podzol
2 Rockland
3 Pacific Ranges
4 0-6,000
cold to
moderately cold
3 Orthic (0-1 830) Mm, Mx
Ferro-Humic
Maritime &
Podzol
mountain
influences
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Stony 2,922 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
117 Humo-Ferric Rocky (7568) 2 Coast Mountains Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1/2c) Podzol 4 0-7,500 cold to
2 Rockland (0-2290) moderately cold
3 Orthic
Mm, Mx
Ferro-Humic
Podzol
Maritime &
mountain
influences
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 2,391 1 Laurentian 3 .2-4 .1
120 Humo-Ferric (6192) 2 Laurentian Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1a) Podzol Highlands moderately cold
2 Rockland 4 1,400-1,800 to Boreal, cool
(430-550) d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 2,042 1 James 4 .1 Boreal, cool
121 Humo-Ferric (5288) 2 Abitibi Upland d Perhumid
(Po10-1a) Podzol 4 800-1,200
2 Rockland (240-370)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating to steeply Loamy & sandy Productive C5 1 British Columbia
sloping plain glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Steeply sloping Stony, sandy Productive C6 1 British Columbia
mountains & loamy glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
& colluvium
Strongly rolling plain Loamy & sandy Productive C4,5 1 British Columbia
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Steeply sloping Stony, sandy Productive C 5, 6 1 British Columbia
mountains to loamy glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
& colluvium
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Steeply sloping Stony, sandy Productive C6 1 British Columbie
mountains & loamy glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
& colluvium
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Sandy glacial till Productive C18 1 Quebec
& glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Schematic
deposits Field crops
Rockland Improved pasture
(igneous, & forage
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Sandy glaciofluvial Nonproductive C 17, 18 1 Quebec
deposits & glacial coniferous forest 2 Schematic
till, some lacustrine
deposits

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 508 1 James 4 .2 Boreal,
122 Humo-Ferric (1 316) 2 Severn Upland moderately cool
(Po10-1a) Podzol 4 1,400-1,500 fe Subhumid
2 Rockland (430-460) to humid
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 197 1 James 4 .2 Boreal,
123 Humo-Ferric (510) 2 Penokean Hills moderately cool
(Po10-1a) Podzol 4 800-1,000 e Humid
2 Rockland (240-300)
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 3,610 1 James 3 .1-3 .2
124 Humo-Ferric (9557) 2 Lake Plateau Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1a) Podzol 4 2,000-2,700 cold to
2 Rockland (610-820) Subarctic,
very cold
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Stony 5,736 1 Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
125 Humo-Ferric Rocky (15011) 2 Mecatina Plateau moderately cool
(Poll 0-1b) Podzol 4 1,500-1,900 d Perhumid
2 Rockland (460-580)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 102,861 1 Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
126 Humo-Ferric Rocky (266477) 2 Laurentian moderately cool
(Po10-1 b) Podzol Highlands d Perhumid
2 Rockland 4 400-3,800
3 Fibrisol (120-1 160)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 2,870 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
127 Humo-Ferric Rocky (7433) 2 Eastmain Lowland moderately cool
(Po10-1b) Podzol 3 1,200-1,400 d Perhumid
2 Rockland
(370-430)
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 6,569 1 James 3 .1-3 .2
128 Humo-Ferric (17013) 2 Severn Upland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1b) Podzol 4 1,200-1,500 cool to
2 Rockland (370-460) moderately cool
e Humid
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 794 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
129 Humo-Ferric (2056) 2 Abitibi Upland moderately cool
(Po10-1b) Podzol 4 1,100-1,300 d Perhumid
2 Rockland (340-400)
3 Fibrisol
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 281 1 James 4 .1 Boreal, cool
130 Humo-Ferric (728) 2 Abitibi Upland ed Humid to
(Poll 0-1 b) Podzol 4 1,000-1,100 perhumid
2 Rockland (310-340)
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 108 1 St. Lawrence 4 .2 Boreal,
131 Humo-Ferric (280) Lowlands moderately cool
(Po10-1b) Podzol 2 West St. Lawrence e Humid
2 Rockland Lowland
3 Orthic Eutric 3 St. Josephs Island
Brunisol 4 1,100-1,200
(340-370)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Sandy glacial till Productive C14 1 Ontario
Rockland mixed forest 2 Exploratory
(igneous, Outdoor recreation
metamorphic) (park)
Undulating plain Sandy glaciofluvial Productive B16 1 Ontario
deposits mixed forest 2 Soil survey
Rockland Field crops
(igneous, Improved pasture
metamorphic) & forage
Strongly rolling plain Stony, sandy Nonproductive C,D18,19 1 Quebec
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling hills Stony, sandy Nonproductive C,D22 1 Labrador
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling hills Stony, sandy glacial Productive B, C 18, 19, 20, 21 1 Quebec
till, glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Schematic
deposits & peat
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling plain Stony, sandy glacial Nonproductive C 17, 18 1 Quebec
till & glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Schematic
deposits
Strongly rolling plain Sandy glacial till, Productive C,D13 1 Ontario
glaciofluvial deposits coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
Rockland Outdoor urban
(igneous, recreation
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling hills Sandy glacial till, Productive C17 1 Quebec
glaciofluvial mixed forest 2 Schematic
deposits, & peat
Rockland (igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling hills Sandy glacial till, Productive C15 1 Ontario
Rockland mixed forest 2 Soil survey
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling plain Sandy glacial till, Productive hardwood B 15, 16 1 Ontario
& some lacustrine clay forest 2 Exploratory
Rockland Field crops
(igneous, Improved pasture
metamorphic) & forage

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 898 1 Laurentian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
132 Humo-Ferric (2326) 2 Laurentian ed Humid to
(Po10-1b) Podzol Highlands perhumid
2 Rockland 4 1,400-1,700
(430-520)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 4,981 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
133 Humo-Ferric Rocky (12900) 2 Chaleur Uplands d Perhumid
(Po10-2b) Podzol Notre Dame Mts .
2 Rockland 4 400-3,300
(120-1 010)
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 1,761 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
134 Humo-Ferric (4561) 2 Coast Mountains cold
(Po10-2b) Podzol 3 Boundary Ranges Mm, Mx
2 Rockland Portland Inlet Maritime to
4 0-10,000 mountain
(0-3050)
influence
d Perhumid
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 1,523 1 St . Lawrence 4 .2 Boreal,
135 Humo-Ferric (3944) Lowlands moderately cool
(Po10-2b) Podzol Appalachian d Perhumid
2 Rockland
2 Eastern Quebec
Uplands
Central
St . Lawrence
Lowland
4 300-500
(90-150)
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 320 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
136 Humo-Ferric (829) 2 Eastern Quebec d Perhumid
(Po10-2b) Podzol Uplands
2 Rockland
4 1,500-2,900
(460-880)
D3 1 Orthic Rocky 2,185 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
137 Humo-Ferric (5659) 2 Eastern Quebec d Perhumid
(Po10-2b) Podzol Uplands
2 Rockland 3 Megantic Hills
4 500-1,800
(150-550)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 1,119 1 Hudson 2 Subartic,
138 Humo-Ferric Rocky (2898) Kazan very cold
(Po10-1a) Podzol 2 Hudson Bay e Humid
2 Orthic Humic
Lowland
G leyso I
Kazan Upland
Cryic Fibrisol
4 0-300
3 Rockland
Orthic Dystric
Brunisol
(0-90)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Strongly rolling plain Sandy glacial till Productive B17 1 Quebec
Rockland mixed forest 2 Soil survey
(sedimentary)
Strongly rolling hills Stony, loamy, weakly Productive B, C 19,20 1 Quebec
calcareous glacial mixed forest 2 Exploratory
till & alluvium
Rockland
(sedimentary)
Strongly rolling Loamy glacial till Productive D4 1 British Columbia
mountains & colluvium coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
Rolling plain Loamy, weakly
calcareous
Field crops
Improved pasture
B 18, 19 1 Quebec
2 Soil survey
glacial till
& forage
Rockland
Productive
(sedimentary)
mixed & hardwood
forests
Strongly rolling plain Loamy, weakly Field crops B 19 1 Quebec
calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
Rockland Productive
(sedimentary) mixed forest
Strongly rolling plain Loamy glacial till Field crops B 19 1 Quebec
Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
& forage
Productive
mixed forest
Level to undulating Stony, sandy glacial Productive E13 1 Manitoba
plain till & glaciofluvial coniferous 2 Schematic
deposits lowland forest,
Rockland nonproductive
(igneous, coniferous
metamorphic) upland forest
& tundra

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic Stony 76,811 1 Kazan 2 Subarctic,
139 Humo-Ferric Rocky (198 933) 2 Kazan Upland very cold
(Po12-1b) Podzol 4 1,300-1,500 e Humid
2 Orthic Humic
Gleysol
Cryic Fibrisol
3 Rockland
Orthic Dystric
Brunisol
(400-460)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 20,122 1 James 3 .1-2
140 Humo-Ferric Rocky (52114) 2 Severn Upland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1b) Podzol 4 1,200-1,500 cold to
2 Rockland (370-460) Subarctic,
3 Orthic Eutric
very cold
Brunisol d Perhumid
Orthic Gray
Luvisol
D3 1 Orthic 207 1 Appalachian 5 .1 Mesic, mild
141 Humo-Ferric (536) 2 Annapolis Mm Maritime
(Po13-1a) Podzol Lowland influence
2 Orthic Gleysol 3 Annapolis Valley e Humid
3 Orthic Regosol 4 100-400 c Subaquic
(30-120)
D3 1 Orthic 597 1 Appalachian 5 .1 Mesic, mild
142 Humo-Ferric (1546) 2 Atlantic Uplands Mm Maritime
(Po13-1/2b) Podzol of Nova Scotia influence
2 Orthic Gleysol Nova Scotia d Perhumid
Highlands c Subaquic
3 South Mountain inclusions
4 50-900
(15-270)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 123 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
143 Humo-Ferric (318) Lowlands e Humid
(Po13-1/2a) Podzol 2 West St. Lawrence c Subaquic
2 Orthic Gleysol Lowland inclusions
4 600-1,100
(180-340)
D3
144
(Po13-2c)
1 Orthic
Humo-Ferric
Podzol
2 Orthic Gleysol
Stony 110
(285)
1 Appalachian
2 Newfoundland
Highlands
4 0-1,400
3 .2 Cryoboreal,
moderately cold
Mm Maritime
influence
3 Fibrisol, (0-430) d Perhumid
Orthic b Aquic
Ferro-H umic
Podzol
inclusions
D3
145
1 Orthic
Humo-Ferric
1,370
(3548)
1 Appalachian
2 Atlantic Uplands
3 .2 Cryoboreal,
moderately cold
(Po13-2a) Podzol
2 Orthic Gleysol
of Newfoundland
4 0-1,000
Mm Maritime
influence
(0-300)
d
Perhumid
b Aquic
inclusions

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling plain Stony, sandy glacial Nonproductive E, F 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 1 Manitoba
till & glaciofluvial coniferous Saskatchewan
deposits forest & tundra Northwest
Rockland Territories
(igneous, 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Strongly rolling Stony, sandy, Productive D 14, 15 1 Ontario
morainic plain moderately coniferous 2 Schematic
calcareous upland forest,
glacial till nonproductive
Rockland lowland forest
(igneous, & tundra
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Sandy glacial till, Field crops B 20 1 Nova Scotia
glaciofluvial deposits Orchards 2 Soil survey
& alluvium Vineyards
Improved pasture
& forage
Strongly rolling hills Loamy glacial till Field crops A, B 20 1 Nova Scotia
Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
& forage
Orchards
Vineyards
Gently undulating plain Stony, loamy Productive B 16, 17 1 Ontario
& sandy glacial till hardwood 2 Soil survey
upland forest,
nonproductive
coniferous
lowland forest
Mountainous Stony, loamy Productive B 23 1 Newfoundland
glacial till coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
Rolling hills Loamy glacial till Nonproductive B 23 1 Newfoundland
coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
Improved pasture
& forage

D : DOMINANTLY PODZOLIC SOILS -concl'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
D3 1 Orthic 365 1 Appalachian 5 .1 Mesic, mild
146 Humo-Ferric (945) 2 Nova Scotia Mm Maritime
(Poll-1/2b) Podzol Highlands influence
2 Orthic Dystric 3 North Mountain d Perhumid
Brunisol 4 600-1,200
(180-370)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 8,231 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
147 Humo-Ferric Rocky (21 317) 2 Severn Upland moderately cold
(Po10-1b) Podzol 4 1,200-1,500 d Perhumid
2 Rockland (370-460)
3 Orthic Eutric
Brunisol
Orthic Gray
Luvisol
D3 1 Orthic Stony 46,400 1 James 3 .2-4 .1
148 Humo-Ferric Rocky (120 171) 2 Severn Upland Cryoboreal,
(Po10-1b) Podzol 4 1,200-1,500 moderately cold
2 Rockland (370-460) to Boreal, cool
3 Orthic Eutric de Perhumid
Brunisol to humid
Orthic Gray
Luvisol
D3 1 Orthic Stony 87,099 1 James 4 .1-4 .2
149 Humo-Ferric Rocky (225 578) Laurentian Boreal, cool to
(Po10-1b) Podzol 2 Abitibi Upland, moderately cool
2 Rockland Laurentian ed Humid to
3 Orthic Eutric Highlands, perhumid
Brunisol Penokean Hills
Orthic Gray
4 300-1,500
Luvisol (90-460)
D3 1 Orthic Stony 3,896 1 James 4 .1 Boreal, cool
150 Humo-Ferric (10090) 2 Abitibi Upland d Perhumid
(Po2-1a) Podzol 4 1,000-1,300 b Aquic
2 Fibrisol (310-400) inclusions
D3 1 Orthic 83 1 Appalachian 4 .2 Boreal,
151 Humo-Ferric (215) 3 Magdalen Islands moderately cool
(Po1-1b) Podzol 4 100-540 Mm Maritime
2 Orthic Regosol (30-170) influence
d Perhumid

E : DOMINANTLY BRUNISOLIC SOILS
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
E1 Orthic Melanic
Brunisol
E1 1 Orthic Melanic 681 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
1 Brunisol (1764) Lowlands e Humid
(Be1-2a) 2 Central
St. Lawrence
Lowland
4 300-400
(90-120)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic 473 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
2 Brunisol (1225) Lowlands e Humid
(Be1-2a) 3 Orthic Gray 2 West St . Lawrence
Luvisol Lowland
4 300-600
(90-180)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic 128 1 St. Lawrence 5.1 Mesic, mild
3 Brunisol (331) Lowlands e Humid
(Be1-3a) 2 West St. Lawrence
Lowland
4 600-800
(180-240)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic 123 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
4 Brunisol (318) Lowland e Humid
(Be1-2b) 2 West St.Lawrence
Lowland
4 800-1,000
(240-300)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic Stony 1,287 1 St . Lawrence 5.1 Mesic mild
5 Brunisol (3333) Lowlands e Humid
(Be1-2a) 3 Fibrisol 2 West St. Lawrence
Lowland
4 500-800
(150-240)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic 365 1 St . Lawrence 5.1 Mesic, mild
6 Brunisol (945) Lowlands f Subhumid
(Be1-2a) 3 Fibrisol 2 West St . Lawrence
Lowland
3 Prince Edward
County
4 250-500
(76-150)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic Stony 290 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
7 Brunisol (751) Lowlands e Humid
(Be1-2a) 3 Fibrisol 2 West St . Lawrence
Lowland
4 800-1,000
(240-300)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Clayey, strongly Field crops B 16 1 Ontario
calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
lacustrine deposits & forage
Undulating to rolling Loamy, strongly Field crops B 16 1 Ontario
plain calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
Horticultural crops
Undulating plain Loamy, strongly Field crops B 18 1 Ontario
calcareous glacial Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
till & lacustrine & forage
deposits Horticultural crops
Undulating plain Loamy, moderately Field crops B 18 1 Quebec
calcareous glacial Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
till & marine & forage
deposits Horticultural crops
Undulating plain Loamy & clayey, Field crops B 18 1 Quebec
moderately Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
calcareous glacial & forage
till & marine Horticultural crops
deposits
Undulating plain Loamy, moderately Field crops B 17, 18 1 Ontario
calcareous glacial Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
till & organic & forage
deposits
Undulating plain Loamy, strongly Field crops B 16 1 Ontario
calcareous, stony Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till, & forage
glaciofluvial & local
lacustrine deposits
Rockland

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Loamy, strongly Field crops B 17, 18 1 Ontario
calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
Horticultural crops
Undulating plain Loamy, strongly Field crops B 17 1 Ontario
calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
Horticultural crops
Undulating to rolling Clayey, strongly Field crops B 16 1 Ontario
plain calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
lacustrine deposits & forage
Horticultural crops
Strongly rolling plain Loamy, strongly Field crops B 16 1 Ontario
calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
Horticultural crops
Undulating plain Loamy, stony, Field crops B 17 1 Ontario
strongly calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
Horticultural crops
Undulating plain Loamy, strongly Horticultural crops A, B 17 1 Ontario
calcareous Field crops 2 Soil survey
glacial till
Improved pasture
& forage
Undulating plain Stony, loamy, Field crops B 17 1 Ontario
strongly calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage

E : DOMINANTLY BRUNISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
E1 1 Orthic Melanic 251 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
8 Brunisol (650) Lowlands e Humid
(Be1-3a) 3 Fibrisol 2 West St . Lawrence
Lowland
4 600-1,000
(180-300)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic 394 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
9 Brunisol (1 020) Lowlands e Humid
(Be1-2a) 3 Fibrisol 2 West St . Lawrence
Lowland
4 600-1,000
(180-300)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic 1,119 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
10 Brunisol (2898) Lowlands e Humid
(Be12-2a) 2 Orthic Humic 2 Central c Subaquic
Gleysol St . Lawrence inclusions
Lowland
4 100-300
(30-90)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic 1,262 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
11 Brunisol (3268) Lowlands e Humid
(Be12-2a) 2 Orthic Humic 2 Central c Subaquic
Gleysol St. Lawrence inclusions
3 Fibrisol Lowland
4 100-200
(30-60)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic 1,993 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
12 Brunisol (5162) Lowlands e Humid
(Be12-2/3a) 2 Orthic Humic 2 Central c Subaquic
Gleysol St . Lawrence inclusions
3 Orthic Dystric Lowland
Brunisol
4 100-200
Orthic
Humo-Ferric
Podzol
(30-60)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic 389 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
13 Brunisol (1 007) Lowlands e Humid
(Be18-2a) 2 Fibrisol 2 Central c Subaquic
3 Mesisol St . Lawrence inclusions
Lowland
4 400-600
(120-180)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic Stony 434 1 St . Lawrence 4 .2 Boreal,
14 Brunisol Rocky (1 124) Lowlands moderately cool
(Be13-2a) 2 Rockland 2 West St . Lawrence e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol
Lowland
4 600-800
(180-240)

E : DOMINANTLY BRUNISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% hase
Area
sq mi
(km 1)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
E1 1 Orthic Melanic Stony 986 1 St. Lawrence 4 .2 Boreal,
15 Brunisol Rocky (2553) Lowlands moderately cool
(B13-2a) 2 Rockland 2 West St. Lawrence e Humid
3 Orthic Gray
Lowland
Luvisol 3 Manitoulin Island
4 600-800
(180-240)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic Stony 128 1 Laurentian 5 .1 Mesic, mild
16 Brunisol (331) 2 Laurentian e Humid
(Be1-2a) Highlands
4 600-800
(180-240)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic Stony 177 1 Laurentian 5 .1 Mesic, mild
17 Brunisol (458) 2 Laurentian e Humid
(Be1-2b) Highlands
4 600-800
(180-240)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic Stony 78 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
18 Brunisol (202) Lowlands e Humid
(Be1-2a) 2 Central
St. Lawrence
Lowland
4 200-600
(60-180)
E1 1 Orthic Melanic Stony 133 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
19 Brunisol (344) Lowlands e Humid
(Be1-2b) 2 West St. Lawrence
Lowland
4 1,000-1,200
(300-370)
E2 Orthic Eutric
Brunisol
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 385 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
30 Brunisol (997) 2 Great Slave Plain Subarctic
(Be1-1a) 3 Orthic Gleysol 4 950-1,100 very cold
(290-340) to Cryoboreal,
cold
fe Subhumid
to humid
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 784 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
31 Brunisol (2030) 2 Great Slave Plain cold
(Be1-1a) 3 Orthic Gleysol 4 900-1,000 f Subhumid
(270-300)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric Stony 2,343 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
32 Brunisol (6068) 2 Fort Nelson cold
(Be1-3a) 3 Orthic Gleysol Lowland e Humid
4 1,000-1,500
(300-460)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Loamy, strongly Field crops B 16 1 Ontario
calcareous, stony Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & local & forage
lacustrine deposits Outdoor recreation
Rockland
Undulating plain Loamy, strongly Field crops B 17 1 Ontario
calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
Outdoor recreation
Moderately rolling plain Loamy, strongly Field crops B 17 1 Ontario
calcareous, stony Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
Outdoor recreation
Undulating plain Loamy, moderately Field crops B 17, 18 1 Ontario
calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
Outdoor recreation
Rolling plain Loamy, strongly Field crops B 16 1 Ontario
calcareous, stony Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
Undulating plain Sandy, moderately Productive E 8 1 Alberta
calcareous coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
lacustrine & aeolian
deposits
Undulating plain Sandy, moderately Productive E 8 1 Alberta
calcareous alluvial coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
deposits
Undulating plain Clayey, moderately Productive E 7 1 Alberta
calcareous, stony coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
glacial till
& lacustrine deposits

E : DOMINANTLY BRUNISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant 1 Region
> 20% area Area 2 Division Soil climate
Symbol 3 Significant 3 Local subdivision
Canadian inclusions sq mi 4 Range of Temperature class
(FAO/UNESCO) 10-20% Phase (km 2) elevation, ft (m) Moisture subclass
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 616 1 Cordilleran 4 .1-4 .2
33 Brunisol (1 595) Southern Plateau Boreal, cool to
(Be14-2b) 2 Orthic Dark Gray and Mountain moderately cool
Chernozemic Area gf Semiarid
2 Columbia
Mountains
Columbia
Highlands
to subhumid
4 3,000-6,000
(910-1 830)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric Stony 1,454 1 Cordilleran 2-3 .1
34 Brunisol (3766) Rocky Mountain Subarctic,
(Be2-1a) 2 Orthic Gray Area very cold
Luvisol 2 Rocky Mountain to Cryoboreal,
Foothills cold
4 2,000-5,500 e Humid
(610-1 680)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 325 1 Cordilleran 2-3 .1
35 Brunisol (842) 2 Southern Rocky Subarctic,
(Be2-2c) 2 Orthic Gray Mountains very cold
Luvisol Continental to Cryoboreal,
3 Alpine Ranges cold
Dystric Brunisol 3 Flat Head Ranges Mx Mountain
4 2,500-8,000
influence
(760-2440) e Humid
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 488 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
36 Brunisol (1264) 2 Great Slave Plain Subarctic,
(Be20-1/2a) 2 Orthic Gleysol Fort Nelson very cold
Lowland to Cryoboreal,
3 Liard River Valley cold
4 900-1,100 fe Subhumid
(270-340)
to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
E2
1 Orthic Eutric
1,618 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
37
Brunisol
(4190) 2 Great Slave Plain
Subarctic,
(Be20-2a) 2 Orthic Gleysol 4 450-950 very cold
(140-290) to Cryoboreal,
cold
fe Subhumid
to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 1,850 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
38 Brunisoi (4791) Northern and cold
(Be15-2a) 2 Orthic Dystric Central Plateaus e Humid
Brunisol
and Mountain
Orthic Regosol Area
2 Northern Rocky
Mountain Trench
Liard Plain
3 Kechika River Valley
4 1,500-3,000
(460-910)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling to strongly Loamy, weakly Productive C 7 1 British Columbia
rolling plain calcareous coniferous forest 2 Soil Survey
glacial till
Gently rolling plain Sandy, moderately Productive E 5 1 British Columbia
calcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till
Very steeply rolling Loamy, weakly Productive C 8 , 1 Alberta
to mountainous calcareous coniferous forest British Columbia
glacial till 2 Exploratory
& colluvial deposits
Undulating plain Sandy & loamy, Nonproductive F 6 1 Northwest
moderately coniferous forest Territories
calcareous 2 Soil survey
glaciofluvial
& aeolian deposits
Undulating plain Loamy, moderately Nonproductive F 6, 7 1 Northwest
calcareous coniferous forest Territories
lacustrine 2 Soil survey
& alluvial deposits
Undulating plain Loamy, weakly Productive E 5 1 British Columbia
calcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glaciofluvial
& alluvial deposits

E : DOMINANTLY BRUNISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 276 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
39 Brunisol (715) Northern Plateau very cold
(Be11-2a) 2 Cumulic Regosol and Mountain fe Subhumid
Area to humid
2 Yukon Plateau
4 2,300-3,000
(700-910)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 6,978 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
40 Brunisol (18072) Northern Plateau very cold
(Be11-2a) 2 Cumulic Regosol and Mountain fe Subhumid
Area to humid
2 Tintina Trench
4 2,000-3,000
(610-910)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 246 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
41 Brunisol (637) Coast Mountain very cold
(Be11-2a) 2 Cumulic Regosol Area fe Subhumid
2 Coast Mountains to humid
3 Boundary Ranges
4 3,000-4,000
(910-1 220)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 971 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
42 Brunisol (2515) Northern Plateau very cold
(Be11-2e) 2 Cumulic Regosol and Mountain fe Subhumid
Area
2 Tintina Trench
Yukon Plateau
4 2,000-3,000
(610-910)
to humid
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 5,104 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
43 Brunisol (13219) Northern Plateau very cold
(Be11-2b) 2 Cumulic Regosol and Mountain fe Subhumid
Area
Mackenzie
Mountain Area
2 Liard Plain
Liard Plateau
4 2,000-3,500
(610-1 070)
to humid
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 3,960 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
44 Brunisol (10256) Northern Plateau very cold
(Be11-2b) 2 Cumulic Regosol and Mountain fe Subhumid
Area to humid
2 Yukon Plateau
4 2,000-2,200
(610-670)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Loamy, moderately Nonproductive F 2 1 Yukon Territory
calcareous coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
glacial till, fluvial
& alluvial deposits
Undulating plain Loamy, moderately Nonproductive F 2, 3, 4 1 Yukon Territory
calcareous coniferous 2 Exploratory
alluvium & aeolian & mixed forests
deposits over coarse
glaciofluvial
deposits & glacial
till
Undulating plain Loamy, moderately Nonproductive F 2, 3 1 Yukon Territory
calcareous coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
glacial till,
fluvial & alluvial
deposits
Undulating plain Loamy, alluvium Nonproductive F 2 1 Yukon Territory
& aeolian deposits coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
over coarse
glaciofluvial deposits
& glacial till
Rolling plain Loamy, weakly Nonproductive E 4, 5 1 British Columbia
calcareous fluvial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
& alluvial deposits
& glacial till
Rolling plain Loamy, moderately Nonproductive F 1, 2 1 Yukon Territory
calcareous mixed forest 2 Exploratory
glacial till, fluvial
& alluvial deposits

E : DOMINANTLY BRUNISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 3,674 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
45 Brunisol (9515) Northern Plateau very cold
(Be11-3a) 2 Cumulic Regosol and Mountain fe Subhumid
Area to humid
2 Yukon Plateau
Shakwak Trench
4 2,900-3,200
(880-980)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 2,737 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
46 Brunisol (7088) Northern Plateau very cold
(Be15-2b) 2 Orthic Dystric and Mountain fe Subhumid
Brunisol Area to humid
Cumulic Regosol 2 Yukon Plateau
4 2,000-4,800
(610-1 460)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 4,330 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
47 Brunisol (11 214) Northern Plateau very cold
(Be15-2b) 2 Orthic Dystric and Mountain fe Subhumid
Brunisol Area to humid
Cumulic Regosol 2 Yukon Plateau
4 2,000-4,800
(610-1 460)
E2 1 Oithic Eutric 2,787 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
48 Brunisol (7218) 2 Great Slave Plain Subarctic
(Be16-2a) 2 Cumulic Regosol Fort Nelson very cold
Cryic Fibrisol Lowland to Cryoboreal,
4 500-1,000 cold
(150-300) e Humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 3,979 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
49 Brunisol (10305) Northern Plateau very cold
(Be20-1a) 2 Orthic Gleysol and Mountain fe Subhumid
Area to humid
2 Liard Plain c Subaquic
3 Liard River Valley inclusions
4 2,500-4,000
(760-1 220)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 14,327 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
50 Brunisol (37105) 2 Great Slave Plain Subarctic,
(Be21-1 /2a) 2 Orthic Gleysol 4 550-900 very cold
Cryic Fibrisol (170-270) to Cryoboreal,
cold
fe Subhumid
to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Clayey, moderately Nonproductive F 2, 3 1 Yukon Territory
calcareous coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
lacustrine, fluvial
& alluvial deposits
& glacial till
Rolling to strongly Loamy glacial till Nonproductive F 1, 2 1 Yukon Territory
rolling plain mixed forest 2 Schematic
Rolling to strongly Loamy glacial till Nonproductive F 2, 3 1 Yukon Territory
rolling plain coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy, moderately Nonproductive F, E 6 1 Northwest
calcareous fluvial coniferous forest Territories
& alluvial deposits
Organic deposits
2 Exploratory
Undulating plain Sandy, moderately Nonproductive F, E 4, 5 1 Yukon Territory
calcareous coniferous forest British Columbia
glacial till
& fluvial deposits
2 Schematic
Undulating plain Sandy & loamy, Nonproductive E, F 6, 7, 8 1 Northwest
moderately coniferous forest Territories
calcareous 2 Soil survey
glacial till
& lacustrine deposits
Organic deposits

E : DOMINANTLY BRUNISOLIC SOILS - cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 1,741 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
51 Brunisol (4509) Northern Plateau very cold
(Be21-2ab) 2 Orthic Gleysol and Mountain fe Subhumid
Cryic Fibrisol Area to humid
2 Ogilvie Mountains c Subaquic
Yukon Plateau inclusions
Tintina Trench
4 2,000-5,000
(610-1 520)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 3,205 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
52 Brunisol (8301) Porcupine very cold
(Gd19-2bc) 2 Orthic Gleysol Mountain Area e Humid
Cryic Fibrisol 2 Porcupine Ranges c Subaquic
4 1,250-5,500 inclusions
(380-1 680)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric 1,933 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic
53 Brunisol (5006) Northern Plateau very cold
(Gd19-2bc) 2 Orthic Gleysol and Mountain fe Subhumid
Cryic Fibrisol Area to humid
2 Yukon Plateau c Subaquic
4 2,000-5,000 inclusions
(610-1 520)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric Rocky 216 1 James 4 .2 Boreal,
54 Brunisol (559) 2 Severn Upland moderately cool
(Be13-3b) 2 Rockland Port Arthur Hills fe Subhumid
4 1,200-1,500 to humid
(370-460)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric Stony 86,675 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
55 Brunisol Rocky (224 479) Mackenzie very cold
(Be17-1c) 2 Cumulic Regosol Mountain Area Mx Mountain
Rockland Porcupine influence
Mountain Area e Humid
2 Mackenzie
Mountains
Liard Plateau
Porcupine Ranges
4 2,000-7,000
(610-2130)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric Stony 33,621 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
56 Brunisol Rocky (87075) Northern and very cold
(Be19-1 b) 2 Orthic Regosol Central Plateau fe Subhumid
Rockland and Mountain to humid
3 Fibrisol Area
2 Yukon Plateau
Stikine Plateau
4 3,000-7,000
(910-2130)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling plain Loamy, moderately Nonproductive G 1, 2 1 Yukon Territory
calcareous alluvial coniferous forest 2 Schematic
& fluvial deposits
Undulating Loamy alluvium Productive G 1, 2 1 Yukon Territory
to mountainous & fluvial deposits coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Undulating Loamy, alluvial, Nonproductive F 1 1 Yukon Territory
to mountainous fluvial & glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic
deposits
Strongly rolling plain Clayey, moderately Productive C 14 1 Ontario
calcareous mixed forest 2 Soil survey
lacustrine deposits
Rockland (igneous,
& metamorphic)
Mountainous Stony, sandy, Nonproductive E, F, G 1 to 6 1 Northwest
moderately coniferous forest Territories
calcareous alluvial
& fluvial deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
& sedimentary)
2 Schematic
Strongly rolling plain Sandy ; moderately Nonproductive E, F 2, 3, 4, 5 1 Yukon Territory
calcareous coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
glacial till
& alluvial deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
sedimentary)

E : DOMINANTLY BRUNISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
E2 1 Orthic Eutric Stony 26,060 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
57 Brunisol Rocky (67493) Mackenzie very cold
(Be19-1b) 2 Orthic Regosol Mountain Area fe Subhumid
Rockland 2 Liard Plateau to humid
3 Fibrisol 4 3,000-7,000
(910-2130)
E2 1 Orthic Eutric Stony 2,259 1 Interior Plains 2 Subarctic,
58 Brunisol (5850) 2 Great Slave Plain very cold
(Be18-2a) 2 Cryic Fibrisol 3 Horn Plateau Mx Mountain
4 1,000-2,600 influence
(310-790) e Humid
E3 Orthic Dystric
Brunisol
E3 1 Orthic Dystric 2,534 1 Cordilleran 5 .1-4 .2
66 Brunisol (6563) Coastal Lowlands Mesic, mild to
(Bd3-2a) 3 Orthic Melanic 2 Nanaimo Lowland Boreal,
Brunisol 4 0-1,000 moderately cool
(0-310) Mm Maritime
influence
fe Subhumid
to humid
E3 1 Orthic Dystric 355 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
67 Brunisol (919) Lowlands e Humid
(Bd3-2a) 2 Central
St . Lawrence
Lowland
4 300-500
(90-150)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 3,014 1 Laurentian 4.1 Boreal, cool
68 Brunisol (7806) 2 Laurentian d Perhumid
(Bd3-1 b) 3 Orthic Highlands
Humo-Ferric 4 700-1,300
Podzol (210-400)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 1,189 1 Laurentian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
69 Brunisol (3079) 2 Laurentian d Perhumid
(Bd3-1 b) 3 Orthic Highlands
Humo-Ferric 4 700-1,300
Podzol (210-400)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric 813 1 Cordilleran 3.2-4 .1
70 Brunisol (2105) Coast Mountain Cryoboreal,
(Bd12-3a) 2 Orthic Gray Area moderately cold
Luvisol 2 Coast Mountains to Boreal, cool
3 Mini Humo-Ferric Kitimat Ranges fe Subhumid
Podzol 3 Skeena and to humid
Orthic Kitimat Valley
Humo-Ferric 4 0-1,000
Podzol (0-310)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Strongly rolling plain Sandy glacial till Nonproductive F 2, 3, 4, 5 1 Yukon Territory
& alluvial deposits mixed forest 2 Exploratory
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Loamy, moderately Nonproductive F 6, 7 1 Northwest
calcareous coniferous forest Territories
glacial till 2 Exploratory
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Productive C 5, 6 1 British Columbia
glaciofluvial mixed forest 2 Soil survey
& marine deposits Horticultural crops
(including poultry)
Urban areas
(including parkland)
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till Field crops B 18 1 Quebec
Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
& forage
Rolling to strongly Sandy glacial till Productive B 18 1 Quebec
rolling plain & glaciofluvial mixed forest 2 Soil survey
deposits Improved pasture
& forage
Rolling to strongly Sandy glacial till Productive B 17 1 Quebec
rolling plain & glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
deposits Improved pasture
& forage
Undulating plain Clayey & loamy Productive D 4, 5 1 British Columbia
marine & glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Schematic
deposits Improved pasture
& forage

E : DOMINANTLY BRUNISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 582 1 James 4.2 Boreal,
71 Brunisol (1 507) Laurentian moderately cool
(Bd12-1b) 3 Orthic Gray 2 Penokean Hills e Humid
Luvisol Laurentian
Highlands
4 700-1,000
(210-310)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric 251 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
72 Brunisol (650) 2 Notre Dame d Perhumid
(Bd12-2/3a) 2 Orthic Gray Mountains
Luvisol Chaleur Uplands
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 100-500
Orthic (30-150)
Humo-Ferric
Podzol
E3 1 Orthic Dystric 1,238 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
73 Brunisol (3206) 2 Chaleur Uplands d Perhumid
(Bd12-2/3a) 2 Orthic Gray 4 100-500
Luvisol (30-150)
3 Orthic Gleysol
Orthic
Humo-Ferric
Podzol
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 305 1 Cordilleran 5 .1 Mesic, mild
74 Brunisol (790) Coastal Lowlands Mm Maritime
(Bd18-2b) 2 Orthic 2 Fraser Lowland influence
Humo-Ferric 4 100-500 ef Humid to
Podzol (30-150) subhumid
3 Orthic
Ferro-Humic
Podzol
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 192 1 Cordilleran 5.1 Mesic, mild
75 Brunisol (497) Coastal Lowlands Mm Maritime
(Bd18-2b) 2 Orthic 2 Fraser Lowland influence
Humo-Ferric 4 500-1,000 ef Humid to
Podzol (150-310) subhumid
3 Orthic
Ferro-Humic
Podzol
E3 1 Orthic Dystric 123 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
76 Brunisol (318) Southern Plateau cold
(Tv9-2c) 2 Orthic and Mountain Mx Mountain
Humo-Ferric Area influence
Podzol 2 Columbia fe Subhumid
Mountains to humid
3 Selkirk Mountains
4 3,000-6,000
(910-1 830)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling plain Sandy glacial till Productive B 16 1 Ontario
mixed forest 2 Soil survey
Woodland grazing
Undulating plain Loamy to clayey Productive B 20 1 Quebec
glacial till mixed forest 2 Exploratory
& lacustrine deposits Improved pasture
& forage
Undulating plain Loamy to clayey Improved pasture C 20 1 Quebec
glacial till & forage 2 Exploratory
& lacustrine deposits Woodland grazing
Strongly rolling plain Loamy glacial till Productive C 6 1 British Columbia
& fluvial deposits coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
Strongly rolling plain Loamy glacial till Productive C 6 1 British Columbia
& fluvial deposits coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
Steeply sloping Loamy glacial till, Productive C 7 1 British Columbia
& mountainous colluvium & thin coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
overlays of volcanic
ash deposits

E : DOMINANTLY BRUNISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 1,356 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
77 Brunisol (3512) Southern Plateau cold
(Tv9-2bc) 2 Orthic and Mountain Mx Mountain
Humo-Ferric Area influence
Podzol 2 Columbia fe Subhumid
Mountains to humid
3 Purcell Mountains
4 3,000-6,000
(910-1 830)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 744 1 Cordilleran 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
78 Brunisol (1 927) Southern Plateau moderately
(Tv8-2c) 2 Orthic and Mountain cold
Humo-Ferric Area Mx Mountain
Podzol 2 Columbia influence
Mountains f Subhumid
3 Monashee
Mountains
4 2,000-6,000
(610-1 830)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 2,958 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-2
79 Brunisol (7661) Coast Mountain Cryoboreal,
(Tv7-2c) 2 Orthic Sombric Area cold to
Brunisol Coastal Lowlands Subarctic,
Orthic 2 Cascade very cold
Humo-Ferric Mountains Mx Mountain
Podzol Fraser Lowland influence
3 Hozameen Ranges e Humid
Okanagan Ranges
4 2,000-7,000
(610-2130)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric 3,634 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
80 Brunisol (9412) Central Plateau Cryoboreal,
(Bd14-2b) 2 Orthic Gray and Mountain cold to
Luvisol Area moderately cold
Orthic 2 Nass Basin fe Subhumid
Humo-Ferric Skeena to humid
Podzol Mountains
4 1,000-6,000
(310-1 830)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric 2,835 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
81 Brunisol (7342) Southern Plateau cold
(Bd14-2b) 2 Orthic Gray and Mountain ef Humid to
Luvisol Area subhumid
Orthic 2 Interior Plateau
Humo-Ferric 4 3,000-5,000
Podzol (910-1 520)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric 3,181 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
82
(Bd14-2b)
Brunisol
2 Orthic Gray
(8238) Southern Plateau
and Mountain ef
cold
Humid to
Luvisol Area subhumid
Orthic
2 Interior Plateau
Humo-Ferric
4 3,000-5,000
Podzol
(910-1 520)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Strongly rolling Loamy, weakly Productive C 7, 8 1 British Columbia
to mountainous calcareous glacial till, coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
colluvial & fluvial
deposits with a thin
overlay of
volcanic ash
Steeply sloping Loamy, weakly Productive C 7 1 British Columbia
& mountainous calcareous coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
glacial till,
colluvium with thin
overlays of
volcanic ash
Steeply sloping Loamy, weakly Productive C 6 1 British Columbia
& mountainous calcareous coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
glacial till, fluvial
& colluvial deposits
with a thin overlay
of volcanic ash
Strongly rolling plain Loamy glacial till, Productive D, E 4, 5 1 British Columbia
fluvial & alluvial coniferous forest 2 Schematic
deposits
Strongly rolling plain Loamy glacial till, Productive D 5 1 British Columbia
fluvial & colluvial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
deposits
Strongly rolling plain Loamy glacial till, Productive C, D 5,6 1 British Columbia
fluvial & alluvial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
deposits

E : DOMINANTLY BRUNISOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km')
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
E3 1 Orthic Dystric 1,349 1 St. Lawrence 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
84 Brunisol (3494) Lowlands moderately cold
(Bd17-2a) 2 Fibrisol 2 East St. Lawrence Mm Maritime
Lowland influence
Anticosti Island d Perhumid
4 100-500
(30-150)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 848 1 Cordilleran 4 .1-3 .2
86 Brunisol (2196) Southern Plateau Boreal, cool to
(Bd16-1ab) 2 Orthic Regosol and Mountain Cryoboreal,
Orthic Area moderately cold
Humo-Ferric 2 Columbia gf Semiarid
Podzol Mountains to subhumid
3 Orthic Sombric 3 Selkirk Mountains
Brunisol Columbia Valley
Kootenay Valley
4 1,400-4,000
(430-1 220)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 1,647 1 Cordilleran 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
87 Brunisol Rocky (4265) Southern Plateau cold
(Bd13-2c) 2 Orthic Gray and Mountain Mx Mountain
Luvisol Area influence
3 Rockland Coast Mountain f Subhumid
Area
2 Interior Plateau
Coast Mountains
3 Fraser Ranges
Chilcolm Ranges
4 4,000-6,000
(1 220-1 830)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Rocky 1,125 1 Cordilleran 4 .2 Boreal,
88 Brunisol (2914) Southern Plateau moderately cool
(Bd15-2a) 2 Orthic Eutric and Mountain Semiarid
Brunisol Area
Orthic Regosol 2 Southern Rocky
3 Rockland Mountain Trench
4 2,600-3,500
(790-1 070)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 1,179 1 Cordilleran 3 .1-3 .2
89 Brunisol Rocky (3053) Southern Plateau Cryoboreal,
(Bd2-2b) 2 Rockland and Mountain cold to
3 Orthic Gray ' Area moderately cold
Luvisol 2 Interior Plateau f Subhumid
3 Thompson Plateau
4 3,000-5,000
(910-1 520)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 1,460 1 St . Lawrence 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
90 Brunisol Rocky (3781) Lowlands moderately cold
(Bd2-2a) 2 Rockland 2 East St . Lawrence Mm Maritime
Lowland influence
Anticosti Island d Perhumid
4 100-500
(30-150)

Physical characteristics
Reference
Topography and
landform
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Loamy, weakly Nonproductive C 21 1 Quebec
calcareous mixed forest 2 Exploratory
glacial till
Rolling to undulating Stony, sandy to Productive C 7 1 British Columbia
plain loamy, weakly coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
calcareous
glacial till ; fluvial
& colluvial deposits
Mountainous Stony, loamy, weakly Productive C 6 1 British Columbia
calcareous coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till & fluvial Woodland grazing
deposits
Rockland
Undulating plain Loamy, moderately Nonproductive C 8 1 British Columbia
strong to strongly mixed forest 2 Soil survey
calcareous Woodland grazing
glacial till,
glaciofluvial
& alluvium deposits
Rockland
(igneous)
Strongly rolling Loamy, weakly Productive C 6,7 1 British Columbia
to mountainous calcareous coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
glacial till Woodland grazing
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Rockland
Undulating plain Stony, loamy, weakly Nonproductive C 20, 21 1 Quebec
calcareous mixed forest 2 Schematic
glacial till
Rockland
(sedimentary)

E : DOMINANTLY BRUNISOLIC SOILS -concl'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% hase
Area
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Rocky 744 1 James 4 .2 Boreal,
91 Brunisol (1 927) 2 Abitibi Upland, moderately cool
(Bd2-2b) 2 Rockland Penokean Hills e Humid
4 600-1,200
(180-370)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Rocky 1,257 1 James 4 .2 Boreal,
92 Brunisol (3255) 2 Abitibi Upland, moderately cool
(Bd2-2b) 2 Rockland Penokean Hills e Humid
4 600-1,200
(180-370)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 2,958 1 Cordilleran, 3.1-2
93 Brunisol Rocky (7661) Rocky Mountain Cryoboreal,
(Bd2-2c) 2 Rockland Area cold, to
3 Orthic Gray 2 Southern Rocky Subarctic,
Luvisol, Mountains, very cold
Orthic Eutric Continental Mx Mountain
Brunisol Ranges influence
4 3,500-8,000 e Humid
(1 070-2 440)
E3
94
(Bd2-1b)
1 Orthic Dystric
Brunisol
2 Rockland
Stony
Rocky
82,621
(213 980)
1 Kazan
2 Bear-Slave
Upland,
2
e
Subarctic,
very cold
Humid
3 Orthic Gray
Kazan Upland
Luvisol,
4 600-1,500
Orthic Eutric
Brunisol
(180-440)
E3 1 Orthic Dystric Stony 17,551 1 Kazan 1 Arctic,
95 Brunisol Rocky (4545) 2 Kazan Upland extremely cold
(Bx2-1b) 2 Rockland 4 600-1,100 e Humid
(180-340)
E3 1 Orthic-Dystric Stony 690 1 Cordilleran, 1 Arctic,
96 Brunisol (1 787) Porcupine extremely cold
(Bx5-2bc) 2 Cryic Gleysol Mountain Area, e Humid
Brooks Range
Area
2 Old Crow Range,
Porcupine Plateau
Old Crow Plain
4 1,000-4,000
(310-1 220)
E3 1 Cryic Dystric Stony 8,853 1 Kazan 1 Arctic,
97 Brunisol (22928) 2 Kazan Upland extremely cold
(ex1-1a) 2 Cryic Regosol 4 0-700 e Humid
(0-210)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Moderately rolling plain Loamy glacial till Productive B 15, 16 1 Ontario
& lacustrine deposits mixed forest 2 Soil survey
Rockland
(igneous,
sedimentary)
Moderately rolling plain Loamy glacial till Productive B 16 1 Ontario
& lacustrine deposits mixed forest 2 Soil survey
Rockland Woodland grazing
(igneous, Outdoor recreation
sedimentary)
Strongly sloping Stony, loamy, Productive C 7, 8 1 British Columbia
to mountainous weakly to moderately coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
calcareous
glacial till
Rockland
(sedimentary)
Strongly rolling plain Stony, sandy Nonproductive F, G 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 1 Northwest
glacial till & fluvial coniferous forest 12 Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Rolling plain Stony, sandy Barren to nearly F, E 11, 12 1 Northwest
glacial till & fluvial barren Territories
deposits Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Rolling plain Stony, loamy Tundra G, H 1 1 Yukon Territory
glaciofluvial deposits Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Stony, sandy Barren to nearly E, F 12, 13 1 Manitoba
glacial till, marine barren Northwest
& glaciofluvial Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
F1 Orthic Regosol
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 281 1 Interior Plains 4 .2 Boreal,
1 2 Orthic Brown (728) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cool
(Re1-1a) Chernozemic 3 Great Sand Hills h Subarid
4 2,100-2,400
(640-730)
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 74 1 Interior Plains 4 .2 Boreal,
2 3 Orthic Brown (192) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cool
(Re1-1 b) Chernozemic 4 2,100-2,400 h Subarid
(640-730)
F1 1 Saline Orthic 517 1 Interior Plains 4.1 Boreal, cool
3 Regosol (1339) 2 Alberta Plain h Subarid
(Re2-2a) 2 Orthic Brown 3 Old Wives Lake
Chernozemic
Plain
3 Saline Gleysol 4 2,200-2,400
(670-730)
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 103 1 Interior Plans 4 .1 Boreal, cool
4 2 Orthic Dark (267) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(Re18-1a) Brown Plain
Chernozemic 4 1,700-1,750
(520-530)
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 171 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
5 2 Orthic Dark (443) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(Re18-1a) Brown Plain
Chernozemic 3 Caron Plain
4 1,850-2,125
(560-650)
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 517 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
6 2 Orthic Dark (1339) 2 Alberta Plain moderately cold
(Re12-1b) Brown 3 Snipe Lake Plain g Semiarid
Chernozemic 4 2,200-2,250
(670-690)
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 591 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
7 2 Cumulic Regosol (1 531) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(Re16-1/2a) Plain
3 Saskatchewan
River Plain
4 1,500-1,700
(460-520)
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 3,871 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
8 2 Cumulic Regosol (10025) 2 Peace River cold
(Re16-2a) Lowland f Subhumid
4 800-1,500
(240-460)
F1 1 Saline Orthic 1,080 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
9 Regosol (2797) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(Re31-2a) 2 Saline Orthic Plain
Gleysol 3 Quill Lake Plain
Orthic Dark 4 1,800-2,000
Brown (240-610)
Chernozemic

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Sandy, aeolian Rough grazing C 9 1 Saskatchewan
modified fluvial & rangeland 2 Soil survey
deposits (grasses,
(with dunes) forbs, shrubs)
Undulating plain Sandy, aeolian, Field crops C 9 1 Saskatchewan
modified fluvial Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
deposits & rangeland (grasses,
(with dunes) forbs, shrubs)
Undulating plain Loamy lacustrine Field crops C10 1 Saskatchewan
& fluvial deposits Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
& forage
Undulating plain Sandy fluvial Field crops D 10 1 Saskatchewan
deposits 2 Soil survey
Undulating plain Sandy fluvial Field crops C10 1 Saskatchewan
& alluvial deposits
2 Soil survey
Rolling plain Sandy fluvial Field crops D 9 1 Saskatchewan
& aeolian deposits Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
& forage
Undulating plain Sandy & loamy Field crops C, D 10 1 Saskatchewan
fluvial & alluvial Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
deposits & rangeland
(grasses,
forbs, shrubs)
Undulating plain Loamy & sandy, Rough grazing D, E 6, 7 1 Alberta
weakly calcareous & rangeland (grasses, 2 Soil survey
alluvial deposits forbs, shrubs)
Productive
mixed forest
Undulating plain Loamy modified Field crops C10 1 Saskatchewan
glacial till & fluvial Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
deposits & forage

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km %)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 84 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
10 2 Brunisolic Gray (217) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Rd4-1a) Luvisol 4 1,000-1,100 fe Subhumid
(310-340) to humid
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 118 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
11 2 Brunisolic Gray (306) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Rd4-1a) Luvisol 4 1,000-1,200 fe Subhumid
(310-370)
to humid
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 685 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
12 2 Brunisolic Gray (1 774) James moderately cold
(Rd4-1 a) Luvisol 2 Manitoba Plain, fe Subhumid
Severn Upland
4 1,100-1,300
(340-400)
to humid
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 118 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
13 2 Brunisolic Gray (306) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Rd4-1 a) Luvisol 4 950-1,000 fe Subhumid
(290-310) to humid
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 1,084 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
14 2 Orthic Dystric (2807) 2 Saskatchewan moderately cold
(Rd1-1a) Brunisol Plain f Subhumid
4 1,700-1,750
(520-530)
F1 1 Orthic Regosol Stony 22,815 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
15 2 Orthic Eutric (59088) Interior Plains very cold
( Re14-1 b) Brunisol 2 Peel Plateau e Humid
Porcupine Plateau
Richardson
Mountains
4 1,800-2,000
(550-610)
F1 1 Orthic Regosol 16 1 Atlantic 4 .2 Boreal,
16 (41) Continental Shelf moderately cool
(Rd1-1a) 2 Scotian Shelf Mm Maritime
3 Sable Island influence
4 0-85 d Perhumid
(0-30)
F2 Cumulic Regosol
F2 1 Cumulic Regosol 1,149 1 Appalachian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
16 (2976) 2 Maritime Plain Mm Maritime
(Jd1-3a) 3 Trantramar influence
Marshes d Perhumid
4 25-100
(8-30)
F2
17
1 Cumulic Regosol 2,021
(5234)
1 Interior Plains,
Kazan
3 .1-2
Cryoboreal,
(Je2-2a) 2 Saskatchewan Plain cold to
Great Slave Plain Subarctic,
Athabasca Plain very cold
4 500-1,000 fe Subhumid
(150-310)
to humid

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Sandy glacial till, Productive C 12, 13 1 Manitoba
aeolian & fluvial mixed forest 2 Soil survey
deposits Outdoor recreation
Undulating plain Sandy glacial till, Productive C 12 1 Manitoba
aeolian & fluvial mixed forest 2 Soil survey
deposits
Outdoor recreation
Undulating plain Sandy glacial till, Productive C 12, 13 1 Manitoba
aeolian & fluvial mixed forest 2 Soil survey
deposits
Outdoor recreation
Undulating plain Sandy glacial till Nonproductive C 12 1 Manitoba
& fluvial deposits mixed forest 2 Soil survey
Outdoor recreation
Undulating plain Sandy fluvial Nonproductive D 10 1 Saskatchewan
deposits mixed forest 2 Soil survey
Rolling plain Stony, sandy Nonproductive G, H 2, 3, 4 1 Yukon & Northwest
colluvial & alluvial coniferous forest Territories
deposits Barren or nearly 2 Schematic
barren
Wildlife grazing
Level to undulating Marine sands Rough grazing A 22 1 Nova Scotia
sand dunes (shrubs, grasses) 2 Exploratory
Level to undulating Clayey marine Field crops B 20 1 New Brunswick
plain sediments Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
& forage
Undulating plain Loamy, moderately Nonproductive E 9, 8 1 Alberta
calcareous alluvial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
deposits

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
F2 1 Cumulic Regosol Stony 11,008 1 Cordilleran 2 Subarctic,
18 2 Orthic Eutric (28510) Mackenzie very cold
(Je26-2b) Brunisol Mountain Area e Humid
Orthic Gleysol 2 Mackenzie Plain c Subaquic
4 300-1,200 inclusions
(90-370)
F3 Cryic Orthi c
Regosol
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 3,501 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
25 Regosol (9067) 2 Parry Plateau extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Prince Patric e Humid
Island
4 150-500
(50-150)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 690 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
26 Regosol (1 787) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Prince Albert e Humid
Peninsula,
Victoria Island
4 400-1,500
(120-460)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 192 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
27 Regosol (497) 2 Sverdrup Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Emerald Island e Humid
4 0-500
(0-150)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 473 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
28 Regosol (1 225) 2 Sverdrup Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Longheed Island e Humid
4 0-350
(0-100)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 1,410 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
29 Regosol (3652) 2 Sverdrup Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Sabine Peninsula e Humid
Melville Island
4 0-1,000
(0-310)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 374 1 Arctic Coastal 1 Arctic,
30 Regosol (969) Plain extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 2 Island Coastal e Humid
Plain
3 Meighan Island
4 0-800
(0-240)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 4,423 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
31 Regosol (11 455) 2 Sverdrup Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Ellef Ringnes e Humid
Island
4 0-800
(0-240)

Physical characteristics
Reference
Topography and
Texture and
character of parent Vegetation and Geographic grid 1 Source
landform material land use reference 2 Reliability
Rolling plain Loamy, moderately Nonproductive F, G 4, 5, 6 1 Northwest
calcareous glacial coniferous forest Territories
till, alluvial & fluvial 2 Schematic
deposits
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J, I 6, 7 1 Northwest
marine & fluvial Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J 7, 8 1 Northwest
fluvial & alluvial Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J 8 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J 10 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J, I 9 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J, K 11, 12 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J 10, 11, 12 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
Soil 1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant
1 Region
> 20%a area
Area 2 Division
3 Significant
3 Local subdivision
inclusions
sq mi 4 Range of
10-20% hase (km 1)
elevation, ft (m)
Temperature Moisture climate subclass class
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 1,963 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
32 Regosol (5084) 2 Sverdrup Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Amund Ringnes
Island
4 0-700
(0-210)
e Humid
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 236 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
33 Regosol (611) 2 Sverdrup Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Ring Christian e Humid
Island
4 0-700)
(0-210)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 350 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
34 Regosol (906) 2 Sverdrup Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) Parry Plateau e Humid
3 Cameron Island
4 0-500
(0-150)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 789 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
35 Regosol (2043) 2 Sverdrup Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Cornwall Island e Humid
4 0-1,500
(0-460)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 493 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
36 Regosol (1 277) 2 Sverdrup Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Graham Island e Humid
4 0-1,900
(0-580)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 2,032 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
37 Regosol (5263) 2 Parry Plateau extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Devon Island e Humid
4 0-1,500
(0-460)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 281 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
38 Regosol (728) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Russell Island e Humid
4 0-700
(0-210)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 11,146 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
39 Regosol (28867) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Prince of Wales e Humid
Island
4 0-800
(0-240)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 1,815 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
40 Regosol (4701) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Stefanson Island e Humid
4 0-500
(0-150)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J 12, 13 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J 11 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J 10, 11 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J 12, 13 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J 14 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra J 12, 13 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra I 12 1 Northwest
& marine deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra H, I 11, 12 1 Northwest
marine & fluvial Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra I 10 1 Northwest
marine & fluvial Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant -
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 572 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
41 Regosol (1 481) 2 Sverdrup Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Eglinton Island e Humid
4 0-700
(0-210)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 5,479 1 Arctic Coastal 1 Arctic,
42 Regosol (14190) Plain extremely cold
(Rx1-1c) 2 Island Coastal e Humid
Plain
3 Banks Island
4 200-500
(60-150)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 5,652 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
43 Regosol (14638) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-1c) 3 Prince Albert e Humid
Peninsula
4 1,000-1,500
(310-460)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 4,464 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
44 Regosol (11 561) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Victoria Island e Humid
4 0-1,000
(0-310)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 4,429 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
45 Regosol (11 471) 2 Victoria Lowland, extremely cold
(Rx1-1c) Shaler Mountains e Humid
4 300-1,000
(90-310)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 51,214 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
46 Regosol (132 639) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 4 300-1,000 e Humid
(90-310)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 2,110 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
47 Regosol (5465) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Kent Peninsula e Humid
4 200-600
(60-180)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 4,596 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
48 Regosol (11 903) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 King William e Humid
Island
4 100-300
(30-90)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 2,065 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
49 Regosol (5348) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Cape Victoria e Humid
4 700-1,200
(210-370)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra I, J 7 1 Northwest
marine & fluvial Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Hilly to steeply Sandy glacial till, Tundra H, I 6, 7 1 Northwest
dissected plain & marine deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
2 Schematic
Hilly to steeply Sandy glacial till, Tundra H, I 7, 8 1 Northwest
dissected plain fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra H, I 7, 8, 9 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Hilly to steeply Sandy glacial till, Tundra H 7, 8, 9 1 Northwest
dissected plain fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Stony, loamy Tundra H, I 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 1 Northwest
glacial till, Wildlife grazing Territories
fluvial & marine 2 Schematic
deposits
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till, Tundra H 9, 10 1 Northwest
fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Sandy, loamy Tundra H 12, 13 1 Northwest
glacial till, Wildlife grazing Territories
fluvial & marine 2 Schematic
deposits
Undulating plain Stony, loamy Tundra H 12, 13 1 Northwest
glacial till, Wildlife grazing Territories
fluvial & marine 2 Schematic
deposits

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNEXCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant
1 Region
> 20% area
Area 2 Division
3 Significant
3 Local subdivision
inclusions
sq mi 4 Range of
10-20% hase (km z)
elevation, ft (m)
Soil Temperature Moisture climatesubclass
class
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 2,184 1 Arctic Lowlands, 1 Arctic,
50 Regosol (5656) Kazan extremely cold
Rx1-2a) 2 Victoria Lowland,
Boothia Plateau
4 200-800
(60-240)
e Humid
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 2,116 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
51 Regosol (5480) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2a) 3 Adelaide e Humid
Peninsula
4 0-200
(0-60)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 32,368 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
52 Regosol (83830) 2 Grantland extremely cold
(Rx1-2c) Mountains, e Humid
Eureka Upland
4 1,000-3,000
(310-910)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 1,627 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
53 Regosol (4214) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2c) 3 Northern Banks e Humid
Island
4 1,000-1,500
(310-460)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 1,036 1 Arctic Coastal 1 Arctic,
54 Regosol (2683) Plain, extremely cold
(Rx1-2c) Arctic Lowlands e Humid
2 Island Coastal
Plain,
Victoria Lowland
3 Southern Banks
Island
4 0-1,200
(0-370)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 12,231 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
55 Regosol (31 677) 2 Victoria Lowland, extremely cold
(Rx1-2c) Shaler Mountains e Humid
4 200-3,000
(60-910)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 4,320 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
56 Regosol (11 188) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx1-2c) 4 300-1,700 e Humid
(90-520)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 4,562 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
57 Regosol (11 815) 2 Eureka Upland extremely cold
(Rx1-2c) 4 800-4,000 e Humid
(240-1 220)

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS - cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20%
Area
sq mi
Phase (km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 11,040 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
58 Regosol (28592) 2 Lancaster Plateau extremely cold
(Rx1-2c) 3 Southern e Humid
Ellesmere Island
4 800-2,000
(240-610)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 23,012 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
59 Regosol (59599) 2 Victoria & Albert extremely cold
(Rx1-2c) Mountains e Humid
3 Ellesmere Island
4 1,000-4,000
(310-1 220)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 7,292 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
60 Regosol (18885) 2 Davis Highlands extremely cold
(Rx1-2c) 3 Ellesmere Island e Humid
4 1,000-4,000
(310-1 220)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 201 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
61 Regosol (520) 2 Parry Plateau extremely cold
(Rx1-2c) 3 North Kent Island e Humid
4 1,000-2,500
(310-760)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 16,541 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
62 Regosol (42839) 2 Axel Heiberg extremely cold
(Rx1-2c) Mountains e Humid
3 Axel Heiberg
Island
4 1,000-3,500
(310-1 070)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 18,712 1 Arctic Lowlands, 1 Arctic,
63 Regosol (48462) Innuitian extremely cold
(Rx1-3b) 2 Lancaster Plateau, e Humid
Parry Plateau
3 Devon Island
4 500-2,000
(150-610)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 14,229 1 Arctic Coastal 1 Arctic,
64 Regosol (36852) Plain, extremely cold
(Rx3-1a) 2 Cryic Eutric Arctic Lowlands e Humid
Brunisol 2 Island Coastal
Plain,
Victoria Lowland
3 Banks Island
4 200-800
(60-240)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 266 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
65 Regosol (689) 2 Sverdrup Lowland extremely cold
(Rx3-1a) 2 Cryic Eutric 3 Brock Island e Humid
Brunisol 4 500-800
(150-240)

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS-cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 2,017 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
66 Regosol (5224) 2 Sverdrup Lowland extremely cold
(Rx3-2b) 2 Cryic Eutric 3 Mackenzie King e Humid
Brunisol Island
4 0-400
(0-120)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 2,480 1 Arctic Coastal 1 Arctic,
67 Regosol (6423) Plain, extremely cold
(Rx3-2b) 2 Cryic Eutric Innuitian e Humid
Brunisol 2 Island Coastal
Plain,
Sverdrup Lowland
3 Prince Patrick
Island
4 0-500
(0-150)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 1,039 1 Innuitian, 1 Arctic,
68 Regosol (2691) Arctic Coastal extremely cold
(Rx3-2b) 2 Cryic Eutric Plain e Humid
Brunisol 2 Sverdrup
Lowland,
Island Coastal
Plain
3 Borden Island
4 500-800
(150-240)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 74,424 1 Interior Plains 1 Arctic,
69 Regosol (192 751) Kazan extremely cold
(Rx5-2a) 2 Cryic Gleysol 2 Horton Plain, e Humid
Cryic Fibrisol Anderson Plain,
Colville Hills,
Coronation Hills
4 1,000-1,400
(310-430)
F3 1 Cryic Cumulic 3,369 1 Arctic Coastal 1 Arctic,
70 Regosol (8725) Plain extremely cold
(Je27-3a) 2 Cryic Fibrisol 2 Mackenzie Delta e Humid
4 50-100
(20-30)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 20,936 1 Kazan 1 Arctic,
71 Regosol (54222) 2 Wager Plateau extremely cold
(Rx2-1a) 2 Rockland, Kazan Upland e Humid
Cryic Gleysol 4 100-800
(30-240)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 4,079 1 Kazan 1 Arctic,
72 Regosol (10564) 2 Kazan Upland extremely cold
(Rx2-1b) 2 Rockland, 4 1,400-1,500 e Humid
Cryic Gleysol (430-460)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling plain Loamy glacial till Tundra J 8, 9 1 Northwest
& fluvial deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
2 Schematic
Rolling plain Loamy glacial till Tundra J 6, 7 1 Northwest
& fluvial deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
2 Schematic
Rolling plain Loamy glacial till Tundra J 8, 9 1 Northwest
& fluvial deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
2 Schematic
Undulating to rolling Stony, loamy Tundra G, H 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 1 Northwest
plain glacial till, fluvial Wildlife grazing Territories
& organic deposits 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Clayey, moderately Tundra G, H 3 1 Northwest
calcareous Wildlife grazing Territories
alluvial deposits 2 Schematic
Organic deposits
Undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra F, G 13, 14, 15 1 Northwest
till & fluvial deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
Rockland 2 Schematic
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Rolling plain Stony, sandy Tundra I 16,17 1 Northwest
glacial till Wildlife grazing Territories
& fluvial deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 2,389 1 Kazan 1 Arctic,
73 Regosol (6187) 2 Boothia Plateau extremely cold
(Rx2-1b) 2 Rockland, 4 200-1,400 e Humid
Cryic Gleysol (60-430)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 552 1 Kazan 1 Arctic,
74 Regosol (1430) 2 Boothia Plateau extremely cold
(Rx2-1 b) 2 Rockland, 4 500-800 e Humid
Cryic Gleysol (150-240)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 147,812 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
75 Regosol (382 818) 2 Baffin Coastal extremely cold
(Rx2-1 b) 2 Rockland, Lowland e Humid
Cryic Gleysol Davis Highlands
Baffin Upland
Hall Upland
Frobisher Upland
Melville Plateau
4 100-2,300
(30-700)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 59 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
76 Regosol (153) 2 Melville Plateau extremely cold
(Rx2-1b) 2 Rockland, 3 Putman Island e Humid
Cryic Gleysol 4 0-500
(0-150)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 19,891 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
77 Regosol (51 516) 2 Melville Plateau extremely cold
(Rx2-1b) 2 Rockland, 3 Melville Peninsula e Humid
Cryic Gleysol 4 200-1,800
(60-550)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 5,799 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
78 Regosol (15019) 2 Melville Plateau extremely cold
(Rx2-1 b) 2 Rockland, 3 Southampton Island e Humid
Cryic Gleysol 4 200-2,000
(60-610)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 253,727 1 Kazan 1 Arctic,
79 Regosol (657 127) 2 Back Lowland, extremely cold
(Rx2-1b) 2 Rockland, Wager Plateau, e Humid
Cryic Gleysol Thelon Plain,
Kazan Upland,
Bear-Slave
Upland
4 400-1,800
(120-550)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 271 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
80 Regosol (702) 2 Mefville Plateau extremely cold
(Rx2-1 b) 2 Rockland, 3 Salisbury Island e Humid
Cryic Gleysol 4 0-800
(0-240)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling plain Sandy glacial till Tundra I 13 1 Northwest
& fluvial deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
2 Schematic
Rolling plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra H, 1 12 1 Northwest
till, fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits
Rockland
(sedimentary)
2 Schematic
Rolling plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra F, G, H, I 15, 16, 17, 1 Northwest
till, fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing 18, 19, 20, 21 Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Rolling plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra F 17 1 Northwest
till, & marine deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
2 Schematic
Rolling plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra G, H 15, 16 1 Northwest
till, fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
2 Schematic
Rolling plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra F, G 15, 16 1 Northwest
till & fluvial deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
2 Schematic
Rolling plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra F, G, H 8, 9, 10, 11, 1 Northwest
till & fluvial deposits Wildlife grazing 12, 13, 14, 15 Territories
Rockland 2 Schematic
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Rolling plain Stony, sandy Tundra F 17 1 Northwest
glacial till Wildlife grazing Territories
Rockland 2 Schematic
(igneous,
metamorphic)

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 488 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
81 Regosol (1 264) 2 Melville Plateau extremely cold
(Rx2-1 b) 2 Rockland, 3 Nottingham Island e Humid
Cryic Gleysol 4 0-1,000
(0-310)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 316 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
82 Regosol (818) 2 Frobisher Upland extremely cold
(Rx2-1 b) 2 Rockland, 4 700-1,100 e Humid
Cryic Gleysol (210-340)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 3,423 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
83 Regosol (8865) Arctic Lowlands, extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 2 Melville Plateau e Humid
Foxe Plain
4 400-800
(120-240)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 670 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
84 Regosol (1 735) 2 Foxe Plain extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 4 200-700 e Humid
(60-210)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 286 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
85 Regosol (741) 2 Foxe Plain extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 3 Monk Island e Humid
4 0-120
(0-40)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 429 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
86 Regosol (1 111) 2 Foxe Plain extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 3 Rowley Island e Humid
4 0-100
(0-30)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 143 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
87 Regosol (370) 2 Foxe Plain extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 3 Koch Island e Humid
4 0-100
(0-30)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 681 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
88 Regosol (1 764) 2 Foxe Plain extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 3 Bray Island e Humid
Baird Peninsula
4 0-200
(0-60)

Topography and
landform
hysical
haracteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling plain Stony, sandy
glacial till
Tundra
Wildlife grazing
F 17 1 Northwest
Territories
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
2 Schematic
Rolling plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra F 20 1 Northwest
till & fluvial deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
2 Schematic
Undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra H, G 16 1 Northwest
till, fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
2 Schematic
Undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra H 17 1 Northwest
till, fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra H 16, 17 1 Northwest
till fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra H 17 1 Northwest
till, fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra H 17 1 Northwest
till, fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
matamorphic)
2 Schematic
Undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra H 17, 18 1 Northwest
till, fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 227 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
89 Regosol (588) 2 Foxe Plain extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 3 Foley Island e Humid
4 0-100
(0-30)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 1,041 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
90 Regosol (2696) 2 Foxe Plain extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 3 Prince Charles e Humid
Island
4 0-100
(0-30)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 9,311 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
91 Regosol (24114) 2 Foxe Plain extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 3 Great Plain of e Humid
the Kowkdjuak
4 100-900
(30-120)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 8,385 1 Hudson 1 Arctic,
92 Regosol (21 716) 2 Southampton extremely cold
(Rx4-2a) 2 Rockland Plain e Humid
3 Southampton
Island
4 250-350
(80-110)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 902 1 Hudson 1 Arctic,
93 Regosol (2336) 2 Southampton extremely cold
(Rx4-2a) 2 Rockland Plain e Humid
3 Bell Peninsula
4 0-400
(0-120)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 2,110 1 Hudson 1 Arctic,
94 Regosol (5465) 2 Southampton extremely cold
(Rx4-2a) 2 Rockland Plain e Humid
3 Coats Island
4 400-500
(120-150)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 1,179 1 Hudson 1 Arctic,
95 Regosol (3053) 2 Southampton extremely cold
(Rx4-2a) 2 Rockland Plain e Humid
3 Mansel Island
4 0-500
(0-50)

Physical characteristics
--
Texture and
Topography and
character of parent
landform
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra H 18 1 Northwest
till, fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra G, H 17, 18 1 Northwest
till, fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra G 18, 19 1 Northwest
till, fluvial & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Stony, loamy strongly Tundra F, G 15, 16 1 Northwest
calcareous Wildlife grazing Territories
glacial till, fluvial 2 Schematic
& marine deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Stony, loamy strongly Tundra F, G 16 1 Northwest
calcareous Wildlife grazing Territories
glacial till, fluvial 2 Schematic
& marine deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Stony, loamy strongly Tundra F 16 1 Northwest
calcareous Wildlife grazing Territories
glacial till, fluvial 2 Schematic
& marine deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Stony, loamy strongly Tundra H 17 1 Northwest
calcareous Wildlife grazing Territories
glacial till, fluvial 2 Schematic
& marine deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 113 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
96 Regosol (293) 2 Foxe Plain extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 3 Spicer Island e Humid
4 200-500
(120-150)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 502 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
97 Regosol (1 300) 2 Foxe Plain extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 3 Air Force Island e Humid
4 200-500
(120-150)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 350 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
98 Regosol (906) 2 Boothia Plain extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 3 Wales Island e Humid
4 200-500
(120-150)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 118 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
99 Regosol (306) Kazan extremely cold
(Rx4-2a) 2 Rockland 2 Victoria Lowland e Humid
Boothia Plateau
3 Prescott Island
4 300-700
(90-210)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 236 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
100 Regosol (611) 2 Melville Plateau extremely cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 3 White Island e Humid
4 300-700
(90-210)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 305 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
101 Regosol (790) 2 Melville Plateau extreme cold
(Rx4-1a) 2 Rockland 3 Vansittart Island e Humid
4 300-700
(90-210)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic Stony 128 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
102 Regosol (331) 2 Boothia Plain extremely cold
(Rx4-1b) 2 Rockland 3 Crown Prince e Humid
Frederick Island
4 0-300
(0-90)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 133 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
103 Regosol (344) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx4-2ab) 2 Rockland 3 Royal e Humid
Geographical
Society Island
4 0-300
(0-90)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Gently undulating plain Stony, sandy marine Tundra H 17 1 Northwest
deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
Rockland 2 Schematic
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Gently undulating plain Stony, sandy marine Tundra G, H 18 1 Northwest
deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
Rockland 2 Schematic
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Gently undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra G, H 15 1 Northwest
till & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Gently undulating plain Stony, loamy glacial Tundra I 12 1 Northwest
till deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
Rockland 2 Schematic
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Gently undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra G 15 1 Northwest
till & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra G 15, 16 1 Northwest
till & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Rolling plain Stony, sandy glacial Tundra H 15 1 Northwest
till & marine Wildlife grazing Territories
deposits 2 Schematic
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating to rolling Loamy glacial till Tundra H 11 1 Northwest
plain & marine deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
Rockland 2 Schematic
(igneous,
metamorphic)

F : DOMINANTLY REGOSOLIC SOILS-concl'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant
1 Region
> 20% area
Area 2 Division
3 Significant
3 Local subdivision
inclusions
sq mi 4 Range of
10-20%
Phase (km2)
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 125 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
104 Regosol (324) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx4-2a) 2 Rockland 3 Jenny Lind Island e Humid
" 4 0-300
(0-90)
F3 1 Cryic Orthic 104 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
105 Regosol (269) 2 Victoria Lowland extremely cold
(Rx4-2a) 2 Rockland 3 Melbourne Island e Humid
4 0-300
(0-90)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Gently undulating plain Loamy glacial till Tundra H 11 1 Northwest
& marine deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
Rockland 2 Schematic
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Gently undulating plain Loamy glacial till Tundra H 10 1 Northwest
& marine deposits Wildlife grazing Territories
Rockland 2 Schematic
(igneous,
metamorphic)

G : DOMINANTLY GLEYSOLIC SOILS
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UN ESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
Physiography
1 Region
Area 2 Division
3 Local subdivision
sq mi 4 Range of
(km 2) elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
G1 Humic Gleysol
G1 1 Orthic Humic 257 1 St . Lawrence 4 .2 Boreal,
1 Gleysol (666) Lowlands moderately cool
(Gm3-3a) 3 Orthic 2 Central d Perhumid
Humo-Ferric St . Lawrence c Subaquic
Podzol Lowland inclusions
4 50-200
(20-60)
G1 1 Orthic Humic 651 ' 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
2 G leysol (1 686) Lowlands e Humid
(Gm3-3a) 3 Orthic 2 Central c Subaquic
Humo-Ferric St . Lawrence inclusions
Podzol Lowland
4 100-350
(30-110)
G1 1 Orthic Humic 557 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
3 Gleysol (1442) Lowlands e Humid
(Gm3-3/1 a) 2 Orthic 2 Central c Subaquic
Humo-Ferric St . Lawrence inclusions
Podzol Lowland
4 200-400
(60-120)
G1 1 Orthic Humic 552 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
4 G leysol (1430) Lowlands e Humid
(Gm3-3a) 2 Central c Subaquic
St . Lawrence inclusions
Lowland
4 50-200
(20-60)
G1 1 Orthic Humic 212 1 St. Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
5
(Gm3-3a)
Gleysol (549)
2
Lowlands
West St . Lawrence
f
c
Subhumid
Subaquic
Lowland
inclusions
4 500-600
(150-180)
G1 1 Orthic Humic 158 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
6
(Gm3-3a)
Gleysol ( 409) Lowlands
2 West St . Lawrence
e
c
Humid
Subaquic
Lowland
4 1,000-1,300
(310-400)
inclusions
G1 1 Orthic Humic 2,382 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
7 Gleysol (6169) Lowlands f Subhumid
(Gm3-3a) 3 Orthic Gray 2 West St . Lawrence c Subaquic
Brown Luvisol Lowland inclusions
4 600-700
(180-210)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Nearly level plain Clayey, slightly Field crops B 18 1 Quebec
calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
& marine deposits
Nearly level plain Clayey, slightly Field crops B 17, 18 1 Ontario
calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till, lacustrine & forage
& marine deposits
Nearly level plain Clayey to sandy, Field crops B 18 1 Ontario
slightly to moderately Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
calcareous & forage
glacial till & lacustrine
deposits
Nearly level plain Clayey, slightly Field crops B 18 1 Quebec
calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
marine deposits & forage
Nearly level plain Clayey, moderately Field crops A 17 1 Ontario
calcareous lacustrine Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
deposits & forage
Nearly level plain Clayey, moderately Field crops A 16 1 Ontario
calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
Nearly level plain Clayey, moderately Field crops A 16 1 Ontario
calcareous Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
glacial till & forage
& lacustrine deposits Horticultural crops

G : DOMINANTLY GREYSOLIC SOILS - cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
G1 1 Orthic Humic 469 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
8 Gleysol (1 215) 2 Fort Nelson cold
(Gm3-3a) 3 Saline Gleysol Lowland e Humid
4 1,000-1,100 b Aquic
(310-340) inclusions
G1 1 Orthic Humic 419 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
9 Gleysol (1 085) 2 Peace River cold
(Gm3-3a) 3 Orthic Gleysol Lowland ef Humid to
4 1,900-2,350 subhumid
(580-720) b Aquic inclusions
G1 1 Orthic Humic 266 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
10 Gleysol (689) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(Gm3-3a) 3 Orthic Gleysol 4 2,100-2,200 ef Humid to
(640-670) subhumid
b Aquic inclusions
G1 1 Orthic Humic 305' 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
11 Gleysol (790) 2 Alberta Plain cold
(Gm3-2a) 4 2,100-2,200 ef Humid to
(640-670) subhumid
b Aquic inclusions
G1 1 Orthic Humic 143 1 Cordilleran, 4 .2 Boreal,
12 Gleysol (370) Southern Plateau moderately cool
(Gm7-2a) 2 Orthic Regosol and Mountain f Subhumid
Area c Subaquic
2 Columbia inclusions
Mountains
3 Kootenay River
Valley,
Creston Flats
4 1,750-2,000
(530-610)
G1 1 Orthic Humic 424 1 Interior Plains 4.1 Boreal, cool
13 Gleysol (1 098) 2 Saskatchewan g Semiarid
(Gm9-3a) 2 Grumic Dark Plain c Subaquic
Brown 3 Assiniboine River inclusions
Chernozemic Plain
Rouleau Flats
4 1,850-1,875
(560-570)
G1 1 Orthic Humic 448 1 Interior Plains 4 .1 Boreal, cool
14 Gleysol (1 160) 2 Manitoba Plain f Subhumid
(Gm6-3a) 2 Calcareous Black 4 700-800 c Subaquic
Chernozemic (210-240) inclusions

hysical characteristics
Texture and
Topography and character of parent
landform material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Nearly level plain Clayey, slightly Productive E 7 1 Alberta
with depressional basins saline, slightly mixed forest 2 Soil survey
calcareous Meadow bog
lacustrine deposits Rough grazing
& rangeland
Woodland grazing
Nearly level plain Clayey, loamy, Productive D 7 1 Alberta
slightly calcareous mixed forest 2 Soil survey
alluvial deposits Meadow bog
Rough grazing
& rangeland
Woodland grazing
Nearly level plain Loamy, moderately Meadow bog D 8 1 Alberta
calcareous Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
glacial till & rangeland
& lacustrine deposits
Nearly level to Loamy, moderately Meadow bog D 8 1 Alberta
undulating plain calcareous Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
glacial till & rangeland
Nearly level Loamy, moderately Field crops C 7 1 British Columbia
to undulating plain calcareous Rough grazing 2 Soil survey
alluvial deposits & rangeland
(grasses, forbs,
shrubs)
Nearly level plain
Clayey, moderately Field crops C10 1 Saskatchewan
calcareous, alluvial (wheat specialty) 2 Soil survey
& lacustrine deposits
Nearly level plain Clayey, moderately Field crops C 12 1 Manitoba
to strongly (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
calcareous Improved pasture
lacustrine deposits & forage

G : DOMINANTLY GLEYSOLIC SOILS - cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km R)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
G1 1 Orthic Humic 1,341 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
15 G leysol (3473) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(Gm8-2a) 2 Mesisol 4 850-900 cold to
(260-270) moderately cold
fe Subhumid to
humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
G1 1 Orthic Humic 325 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
16 G leysol (842) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Gm8-2a) 2 Mesisol 4 1,000-1,400 fe Subhumid
(310-430)
to humid
G1 1 Orthic Humic 1,287 1 Cordilleran 5 .1 Mesic, mild
17 G leysol (3333) Coastal Lowlands Mm Maritime
(Gh5-2a) 2 Orthic Dystric 2 Fraser Lowland influence
Brunisol 4 0-500 ef Humid to
Orthic (0-150) subhumid
Humo-Ferric c Subaquic
Podzol inclusions
3 Orthic Regosol
G1 1 Orthic Humic 3,245 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
18 G leysol (8404) 2 Great Slave Plain Subarctic,
(Gm7-3a) 2 Cumulic Regosol 4 550-850 very cold to
(160-260) Cryoboreal,
cold
fe Subhumid
to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
G1 1 Orthic Humic 69 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
19 Gleysol (179) Lowlands e Humid
(Gm3-3a) 2 West St . Lawrence c Subaquic
Lowland
4 600-800
(180-240)
inclusions
G2 Orthic Gleysol
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 106 1 St . Lawrence 5 .1 Mesic, mild
20 (274) Lowlands e Humid
(Gm3-3a) 2 West St . Lawrence c Subaquic
Lowland inclusions
4 200-300
(60-90)
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 4,157 1 Hudson 2 Subarctic,
21 (10766) 2 Hudson Bay very cold
(Gel 3-3a) Lowland e Humid
4 0-400 c Subaquic
(0-120)
inclusions

Topography and
landform
hysical
haracteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Nearly level Loamy, moderately Nonproductive D 11 1 Manitoba
to undulating plain calcareous alluvial mixed forest 2 Soil survey
& lacustrine deposits Meadow bog
Rough grazing
& rangeland
Field crops
Nearly level Loamy, moderately Field crops C 12 1 Manitoba
to undulating plain to strongly Improved pasture 2 Soil survey
calcareous & forage
lake-modified glacial Meadow bog
till deposits Rough grazing
& rangeland
Nonproductive
mixed forest
Level to gently Loamy glacial till, Field crops C 6 1 British Columbia
rolling plain marine & glaciofluvial (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
deposits Improved pasture
& forage
Barren or nearly
barren
Level to undulating Clayey, moderately Nonproductive F 8 1 Northwest
plain to strongly coniferous forest Territories
calcareous alluvial Meadow bog 2 Soil survey
deposits
Level to undulating Clayey, moderately Field crops A 16 1 Ontario
plain calcareous (mixed grains) B 16 2 Soil survey
lacustrine & alluvial Improved pasture
deposits & forage
Level to undulating Clayey, moderately Field crops B 18 1 Ontario
plain calcareous (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
lacustrine & alluvial Improved pasture
deposits & forage
Level to undulating Clayey, strongly Nonproductive D 15, 16 1 Ontario
plain calcareous lacustrine coniferous forest 2 Schematic
& marine deposits Swamp or marsh

G : DOMINANTLY GLEYSOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 1,006 1 Hudson 2 Subarctic,
22 (2605) 2 Hudson Bay very cold
(Gel 3-3a) Lowland e Humid
4 O-100 c Subaquic
(0-120) inclusions
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 1,173 1 Cordilleran, 4 .2 Boreal,
23 2 Orthic Eutric (3028) Southern Plateau moderately cool
(Ge12-2a) Brunisol and Mountain fg Subhumid to
Area semiarid
2 Southern Rocky c Subaquic
Mountain Trench inclusions
3 Columbia River
Valley
4 2,600-3,500
(790-1 070)
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 2,017 1 Hudson 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
24 2 Fibrisol (5224) 2 Hudson Bay moderately cold
(Gel 5-3a) Lowland d Perhumid
4 0-500 b-c Aquic to
(0-150) subaquic
inclusions
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 1,395 1 Hudson, 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
25 2 Fibrisol (3613) James moderately cold
(Gel 5-3a) 2 Hudson Bay d Perhumid
Lowland, b-c Aquic to
Abitibi Upland subaquic
4 0-600 inclusions
(0-180)
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 3,787 1 James 4 .1 Boreal, cool
26 2 Fibrisol (9808) 2 Abitibi Upland d Perhumid
(Gel 5-3a) 3 Orthic Gray 4 900-1,100 c Subaquic
Luvisol (270-340) inclusions
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 660 1 Laurentian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
27 2 Orthic Dystric (1709) 2 Laurentian d Perhumid
(Ge14-2/3a) Brunisol Highlands c Subaquic
3 Fibrisol 3 Lac St. Jean inclusions
Lowlands
4 320-500
(100-150)
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 483 1 Laurentian 4 .1 Boreal, cool
28 2 Orthic Dystric (1 251) 2 Laurentian d Perhumid
(Gel 4-2/3a) Brunisol Highlands c Subaquic
3 Orthic Humic 3 Lieure River Valley inclusions
Gleysol
4 800-1,000
(240-310)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Level to undulating Clayey, strongly Nonproductive E14,15 1 Ontario
plain calcareous lacustrine coniferous forest 2 Schematic
& marine deposits Swamp or marsh
Undulating plain Loamy, moderately Productive C7 1 British Columbia
calcareous alluvial, coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
lacustrine, & fluvial Rough grazing
deposits & rangeland
(grasses, forbs,
shrubs)
Nearly level to gently Clayey to loamy, Nonproductive C16 1 Ontario
undulating plain moderately coniferous forest 2 Schematic
calcareous glacial Swamp or marsh
till, lacustrine,
marine & organic
deposits
Nearly level Clayey to loamy, Nonproductive C16 1 Ontario
to undulating plain moderately coniferous forest 2 Schematic
calcareous glacial Swamp or marsh
till, lacustrine,
marine, & organic
deposits
Nearly level Clayey, moderately Field crops C16 1 Ontario
to undulating plain calcareous glacial (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
till, lacustrine Improved pasture
& organic deposits & forage
Productive
coniferous
upland forest,
nonproductive
coniferous
lowland forest
Undulating plain Loamy to clayey, Field crops C 18, 19 1 Quebec
slightly calcareous (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
glaciofluvial Improved pasture
& lacustrine deposits & forage
Productive
mixed forest
Undulating plain Loamy to clayey, Field crops B18 1 Quebec
glacial till (mixed grains) 2 Soil survey
& lacustrine deposits Improved pasture
& forage
Productive
mixed forest

G : DOMINANTLY GLEYSOLIC SOILS - cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 2,746 1 Laurentian 4 .1-4 .2
29 2 Orthic Dystric (7112) St . Lawrence Boreal, cool to
(Ge14-2/3a) Brunisol Lowlands moderately cool
3 Orthic 2 Laurentian e Humid
H umo-Ferric Highlands c Subaquic
Podzol Central inclusions
St . Lawrence
Lowland
4 200-800
(60-240)
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol Rocky 2,999 1 James 3 .2-4 .1
30 2 Rockland (7767) 2 Abitibi Upland Cryoboreal,
(Gel 1-3b) 4 500-1,000 moderately cold
(150-310) to Boreal, cool
d Perhumid
c Subaquic
inclusions
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol Rocky 982 1 James 4 .1 Boreal, cool
31 2 Rockland (2543) 2 Abitibi Upland ed Humid to
(Gel 1-3ab) 4 900-1,000 perhumid
(270-310) c Subaquic
inclusions
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol Rocky 612 1 Laurentian 4 .2 Boreal,
32 2 Rockland (1 585) 2 Laurentian moderately cool
(Gel 1-3ab) Highlands e Humid
4 600-1,000 c Subaquic
(180-310) inclusions
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 22,554 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
33 2 Cryic Fibrisol, (58413) 2 Great Slave Plain Subarctic,
(Ge3-3a) Orthic Gray 4 1,000-2,200 very cold to
Luvisol (310-670) Cryoboreal,
3 Orthic Eutric cold
Brunisol, fe Subhumid
Orthic Gleysol to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 1,021 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
34 2 Cryic Fibrisol, (2644) 2 Great Slave Plain Subarctic,
(Ge3-2b) Orthic Gray 3 Alberta Uplands, very cold to
Luvisol Caribou Hills Cryoboreal,
4 1,000-3,000 cold
(310-910)
fe Subhumid
to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Loamy and clayey Productive B 17, 18 1 Quebec
glacial till, sands mixed forest 2 Soil survey
over glacial till, Improved pasture
marine & lacustrine & forage
clay deposits
Undulating to rolling Clayey, moderately Productive C 16 1 Ontario
calcareous lacustrine coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
deposits Field crops
Rockland (mixed grains)
(igneous Improved pasture
& metamorphic) & forage
Undulating to rolling Clayey, moderately Productive C 16 1 Ontario
calcareous coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
lacustrine deposits Field crops
Rockland (mixed grains)
(igneous Improved pasture
& metamorphic) & forage
Undulating to hilly Clayey, slightly Nonproductive B 16, 17 1 Ontario
to moderately mixed forest 2 Soil survey
calcareous glacial Improved pasture
till & lacustrine & forage
deposits
Rockland
(igneous
& metamorphic)
Undulating plain Clayey, slightly Productive, E, F 6, 7, 8 1 Alberta, Northwest
calcareous lacustrine, coniferous Territories
glaciofluvial, upland forest, 2 Exploratory
& beach deposits nonproductive,
lowland swamp
forest
Rolling plain Loamy, moderately Productive E 8 1 Alberta
to strongly calcareous coniferous 2 Exploratory
glacial till upland forest

G : DOMINANTLY GLEYSOLIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 7,008 1 Hudson 2 Subarctic,
35 2 Cryic Fibrisol, (18150) 2 Hudson Bay very cold
(Ge3-3a) Orthic Gray Lowland e Humid
Luvisol 4 100-500 c Subaquic
(30-150) inclusions
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 1,159 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
36 2 Orthic Eutric (3002) 2 Great Slave Plain cold
(Gel 2-1 a) Brunisol 4 750-800 fe Subhumid
(230-240) to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
G2 1 Orthic Gleysol 385 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
37 3 Saline Gleysol (997) 2 Great Slave Plain cold
(Gel 3-3a) 3 Slave River fe Subhumid
Lowland to humid
4 500-700 c Subaquic
(150-210) inclusions
G3 Cryic Gleysol
G3 1 Cryic Gleysol 1,993 1 Cordilleran, 1 Arctic,
40 3 Orthic Melanic (5162) Porcupine extremely cold
(Gx1-2a) Brunisol Mountain Area e Humid
2 Porcupine Plateau
3 Old Crow Plain
4 1,000-1,250
(310-380)
G3 1 Cryic Gleysol 1,326 1 Cordilleran, 1 Arctic,
41 (3434) Porcupine extremely cold
(Gx1-2a) Mountain Area e Humid
2 Porcupine Plateau
3 Eagle Plain
4 1,000-1,500
(310-460)
G3 1 Cryic Gleysol 793 1 Arctic Coastal 1 Arctic,
42 2 Cryic Regosol (2054) Plain extremely cold
(Gx3-1a) 3 Fibrisol 2 Mackenzie Delta e Humid
4 150-200
(50-60)
G3 1 Cryic Gleysol 8,152 1 Arctic Coastal 1 Arctic,
43 2 Cryic Regosol (21 113) Plain extremely cold
(Gx3-2/3a) 2 Mackenzie Delta e Humid
3 Anderson Plain
4 200-350
(60-110)
G3 1 Cryic Gleysol 710 1 Arctic Coastal 1 Arctic,
44 2 Cryic Regosol (1 839) Plain extremely cold
(Gx3-2/3a) 2 Mackenzie Delta e Humid
4 150-200
(50-60)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Nearly level Clayey, strongly Nonproductive D 14, 15 1 Ontario
to undulating plain calcareous glacial coniferous forest 2 Schematic
till, lacustrine Swamp forest
& organic deposits
Level to undulating Sandy, alluvial Nonproductive E, F 8, 9 1 Alberta, Northwest
plain & deltaic deposits coniferous forest Territories
Outdoor recreation 2 Soil survey
Nearly level Clayey alluvial Nonproductive E 8, 9 1 Alberta
to undulating plain deposits coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
Meadow bog
Level to undulating Loamy alluvial Nonproductive G, H 1, 2 1 Yukon Territory
plain deposits coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
Level to undulating Loamy, glacial till Nonproductive G 2 1 Yukon Territory
plain & glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Schematic
deposits
Level to undulating Sandy glacial till, Nonproductive H 4 1 Northwest
plain glaciofluvial & coniferous forest Territories
beach deposits Tundra 2 Exploratory
Level to undulating Loamy & clayey Tundra H 3, 4,5 1 Northwest
plain glacial till & Nonproductive Territories
glaciofluvial coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
deposits
Level to undulating Loamy & clayey Tundra H 3 1 Northwest
plain glacial till Nonproductive Territories
glaciofluvial & coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
alluvium deposits

G : DOMINANTLY GLEYSOLIC SOILS - concl'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20%
Area
sq mi
Phase (km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
G3 1 Cryic Gleysol 1,030 1 Arctic Coastal 1 Arctic,
45 2 Cryic Cumulic (2667) Plain extremely cold
(Gx2-2a) Regosol 2 Yukon Coastal e Humid
Plain
2 200-300
(60-90)
G3 1 Cryic Gleysol 557 1 Cordilleran, 1 Arctic,
46 2 Cryic Cumulic (1 442) Porcupine extremely cold
(Gx2-1 b) Regosol Mountain Area e Humid
2 Porcupine
Plateau,
Richardson
Mountains
4 1,550-2,000
(470-610)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Level to undulating Loamy glacial till, Tundra H1,2 1 Yukon Territory
plain glaciofluvial & 2 Exploratory
alluvium deposits
Rolling to hilly Sandy glacial till & Tundra H2 1 Yukon Territory
glaciofluvial 2 Exploratory
deposits
207

H : DOMINANTLY ORGANIC SOILS
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% Phase
Physiography
1 Region
Area 2 Division Soil climate
3 Local subdivision
sq mi 4 Range of
Temperature class
(km2)
elevation, ft (m) Moisture subclass
H1 Fibrisol & Mesisol
H1 1 Fibrisol 153 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
1 3 Dark Gray (396) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(Od1-a) Luvisol 4 1,400-1,800 e Humid
(430-550) b Aquic inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 3,822 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
2 3 Orthic Gray (9898) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(Od1-a) Luvisol 3 Namew Lake cold to
Plain moderately cold
Deschambault e Humid
Lake Plain b Aquic inclusions
4 900-1,100
(270-340)
H1 1 Fibrisol 16,132 1 Hudson 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
3 3 Orthic Gray (41 780) 2 Hudson Bay moderately cold
(Od1-a) Luvisol Lowland d Perhumid
4 200-600 b Aquic inclusions
(60-180)
H1 1 Fibrisol 143 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
4 2 Orthic Gleysol (370) 2 Peace River cold
(Od8-3a) Lowland e Humid
4 1,500-1,800 b Aquic
(460-550) inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 7,191 1 Hudson, 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
5 2 Orthic Gleysol (18624) James moderately cold
(Ode-3a) 3 Orthic Gray 2 Hudson Bay d Perhumid
Luvisol Lowland, b Aquic
Orthic Abitibi Upland inclusions
Humo-Ferric 4 800-1,000
Podzol (240-310)
H1 1 Fibrisol 1,908 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
6 2 Orthic Gleysol (4941) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(Oe2-2a) Cumulic Regosol 3 Saskatchewan cold to
Delta moderately cold
4 900-1,100 fe Subhumid
(270-340)
to humid
bc Aquic to
subaquic
inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 14,583 1 James, 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
7 2 Orthic (37768) Hudson moderately cold
(Od9-1 /2/3a) Humo-Ferric 2 Eastmain d Perhumid
Podzol Lowland, b Aquic
Orthic Gleysol Abitibi Upland, inclusions
Hudson Bay
Lowland
4 100-400
(30-120)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Level to undulating Organic deposits Productive, mixed E7 1 Alberta
plain over coarse upland forest, 2 Exploratory
glaciofluvial nonproductive,
deposits lowland, coniferous
swamp forest
Level to undulating Organic deposits Productive, mixed D 10, 11 1 Saskatchewan
plain over coarse fluvial upland forest, 2 Soil survey
& fine lacustrine nonproductive,
clay deposits lowland, coniferous
swamp forest
Level to undulating Organic & Nonproductive C,D15,16 1 Ontario
plain moderately coniferous forest 2 Schematic
calcareous, Swamp forest
lacustrine &
glaciofluvial deposits
Level to undulating Organic & Productive, mixed E7 1 Alberta
plain moderately upland forest, 2 Exploratory
calcareous, clayey nonproductive,
lacustrine deposits lowland, coniferous
swamp forest
Undulating plain Organic & Productive, upland C16 1 Ontario
moderately coniferous forest, 2 Schematic
calcareous, clayey nonproductive,
glacial till & lowland, coniferous
lacustrine deposits swamp forest
Level to undulating Organic & loamy Nonproductive D 11, 12 1 Saskatchewan
plain alluvial deposits mixed & coniferous 2 Soil survey
swamp forest
Undulating plain Organic & sandy to Nonproductive, C16,17 Quebec
clayey glaciofluvial coniferous, lowland 2 Schematic
glacial till & swamp forest,
lacustrine deposits productive,
coniferous upland
forest

H : DOMINANTLY ORGANIC SOILS -cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
H1 1 Fibrisol 2,767 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
8 2 Orthic (7166) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(Od5-1a) Humo-Ferric 4 1,400-1,600 e Humid
Podzol (430-490) bc Aquic to
3 Orthic Gleysol
subaquic
inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 517 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
9 2 Degraded Dystric (1334) 2 Peace River cold
(Od5-1 a) Brunisol Lowland e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 2,000-2,400 b Aquic
(610-730) inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 502 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 -3 .2
10 2 Orthic (1300) 2 Saskatchewan Cryoboreal,
(Od5-1a) Humo-Ferric Plain cold to
Podzol 3 Ile a la Crosse moderately cold
3 Orthic Gray Lowland e Humid
Luvisol 4 1,400-1,500 b Aquic
(430-460) inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 1,425 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 -3 .2
11 2 Orthic (3691) 2 Saskatchewan Cryoboreal,
(Od5-1a) Humo-Ferric Plain cold to
Podzol Manitoba Plain moderately cold
3 Orthic Gray 4 1,200-1,500 e Humid
Luvisol (370-460) b Aquic
inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 1,499 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
12 2 Orthic (3882) 2 Abitibi Upland moderately cold
(Od5-1a) Humo-Ferric 4 1,000-1,500 d Perhumid
Podzol (310-460) b Aquic
3 Orthic Gleysol
inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 809 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
13 2 Orthic (2095) 2 Abitibi Upland moderately cold
(Od5-1 a) Humo-Ferric 4 1,000-1,500 e Perhumid
Podzol (310-460) b Aquic
3 Orthic Gleysol inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 1,844 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
14 2 Orthic Eutric (4776) 2 Peace River cold
(Od4-1a) Brunisol Lowland, e Humid
Great Slave Plain b Aquic
4 700-1,100
(210-340)
inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 1,815 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
15 2 Orthic Gray (4701) 2 Peace River cold
(Od2-2a) Luvisol Lowland, e Humid
Alberta Plateau b Aquic
4 1,900-2,100 inclusions
(580-640)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Organic & sandy Productive, mixed E 8, 9 1 Alberta
glacial till & fluvial upland forest ; 2 Exploratory
deposits nonproductive,
lowland, coniferous
swamp forest
Undulating plain Organic & weakly Productive, mixed D7 1 Alberta
calcareous, sandy upland forest ; 2 Soil survey
alluvial & aeolian nonproductive,
deposits lowland, coniferous
swamp forest
Undulating plain Organic & sandy Nonproductive, D9,10 1 Saskatchewan
glacial till & lowland, coniferous 2 Exploratory
fluvial deposits swamp forest,
productive,
coniferous
upland forest
Undulating plain Organic & sandy Nonproductive, D 10 1 Saskatchewan
glacial till & lowland, coniferous 2 Exploratory
glaciofluvial swamp forest,
deposits productive,
coniferous
upland forest
Undulating plain Organic deposits & Nonproductive, C18 1 Quebec
sandy glacial till lowland, coniferous 2 Schematic
swamp forest,
productive,
coniferous
upland forest
Undulating plain Organic deposits & Nonproductive, C 17, 18 1 Quebec
sandy glacial till lowland, coniferous 2 Schematic
swamp forest ;
productive,
coniferous
upland forest
Undulating plain Organic & sandy, Nonproductive E8 1 Alberta
weakly calcareous coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
lacustrine & Swamp forest
alluvial deposits
Undulating plain Organic deposits & Nonproductive, E8 1 Alberta
loamy glacial till lowland, coniferous 2 Exploratory
swamp forest ;
productive, mixed
upland forest

H : DOMINANTLY ORGANIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
H1
16
(Od2-2a)
H1
17
(Od2-2a)
H1
18
(Od2-2a)
H1
19
(Od2-2a)
H1
20
(Od2-2a)
H1
21
(Od2-2a)
H1
22
(Od2-2a)
H1
23
(Od2-2a)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20%
Area
sq mi
Phase (km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
1 Fibrisol 286 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
2 Orthic Gray (741) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
Luvisol 4 1,800-2,000 e Humid
(550-610) b Aquic
inclusions
1 Fibrisol 20,882 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
2 Orthic Gleysol, (54082) 2 Alberta Plain, cold
Orthic Gray Saskatchewan e Humid
Luvisol Plain, b Aquic
Alberta Plateau inclusions
4 1,750-2,200
(530-670)
1 Fibrisol 552 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal
2 Orthic Gleysol, (1430) 2 Alberta Plateau, cold
Orthic Gray Alberta Plain fe Subhumid
Luvisol 4 1,900-2,100 to humid
(580-640) b Aquic
inclusions
1 Fibrisol 251 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
2 Orthic Gray (650) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
Luvisol Alberta Plain e Humid
4 2,300-2,500 b Aquic
(700-760) inclusions
1 Fibrisol 74 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
2 Orthic Gray (192) 2 Alberta Plain cold
Luvisol 4 2,100-2,300 e Humid
(640-700) b Aquic
inclusions
1 Fibrisol 216 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
2 Orthic Gray (559) 2 Alberta Plain cold
Luvisol 4 2,000-2,100 e Humid
(610-640) b Aquic
inclusions
1 Fibrisol 2,534 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
2 Orthic Gray (6563) 2 Alberta Plain cold
Luvisol 4 3,000-3,500 e Humid
(910-1 070) c Subaquic
inclusions
1 Fibrisol 547 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
2 Orthic Gray (1 417) 2 Saskatchewan Cryoboreal,
Luvisol Plain cold to
3 Orthic 4 1,600-1,800 moderately cold
Humo-Ferric (490-550) e Humid
Podzol c Subaquic
inclusions

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Organic & loamy Nonproductive, E7,8 1 Alberta
glacial till & lowland, coniferous 2 Exploratory
lacustrine deposits swamp forest ;
productive, mixed
upland forest
Undulating plain Organic & loamy Nonproductive, D,E8,9 1 Alberta,
weak to moderately lowland, coniferous Saskatchewan
calcareous glacial till, swamp forest ; 2 Exploratory
aeolian & lacustrine productive, mixed
deposits upland forest
Undulating plain Organic deposits & Nonproductive, D8 1 Alberta
loamy or sandy, lowland, coniferous 2 Exploratory
weakly calcareous swamp forest ;
glacial till productive, mixed
upland forest
Undulating plain Organic deposits & Productive, mixed D8 1 Alberta
loamy, weakly upland forest ; 2 Soil survey
calcareous glacial nonproductive,
till lowland, coniferous
swamp forest
Field crops (minor)
Undulating plain Organic & loamy or Productive, mixed D8 1 Alberta
sandy, weakly upland forest ; 2 Soil survey
calcareous glacial nonproductive,
till & alluvial lowland, coniferous
deposits swamp forest
Field crops (minor)
Undulating plain Organic deposits & Productive, mixed D8 1 Alberta
loamy or sandy, upland forest, 2 Soil survey
weakly calcareous nonproductive,
glacial till lowland, coniferous
swamp forest
Field crops (minor)
Undulating to gently Organic deposits & Productive, mixed D7,8 1 Alberta
rolling plain loamy or sandy, upland forest ; 2 Soil survey
weakly calcareous nonproductive,
glacial till lowland, coniferous
swamp forest
Field crops (minor)
Undulating plain Organic & loamy, Productive, mixed D10 1 Saskatchewan
weakly calcareous upland forest ; 2 Exploratory
glacial till, nonproductive,
glaciofluvial & coniferous, lowland
lacustrine deposits swamp forest
Field crops (minor)

H : DOMINANTLY ORGANIC SOILS - cont'd .
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant 1 Region
> 20% area Area 2 Division Soil climate
Symbol 3 Significant 3 Local subdivision
Canadian inclusions sq mi 4 Range of Temperature class
(FAO/UNESCO) 10-20% Phase (km2) elevation, ft (m) Moisture subclass
H1 1 Mesisol 3,255 1 Interior Plains 3 .1-3 .2
24 2 Orthic Gray (8430) 2 Manitoba Plain Cryoboreal,
(Od2-3a) Luvisol 4 900-1,100 cold to
(270-340)
moderately cold
fe Subhumid
to humid
b-c Aquic to
subaquic
inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 2,343 1 Interior Plains 3.1 Cryoboreal,
25 2 Orthic Gray (6068) 2 Peace River cold
(Od2-1 /3a) Luvisol Lowland e Humid
3 Orthic Humic 4 1,500-2,000 b Aquic
Gleysol (460-610) inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 4,310 1 James, 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
26
(Od2-1 /3a)
2 Orthic Gray
Luvisol
(11 162) Interior Plains
2 Severn Upland,
Manitoba Plain
4 1,000-1,100
(310-340)
moderately cold
fe Subhumid
to humid
b-c Aquic to
subaquic
inclusions
H1 1 Mesisol 296 1 Interior Plains 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
27 2 Orthic Gray (767) 2 Manitoba Plain moderately cold
(Od2-3a) Luvisol 4 1,000-1,100 fe Subhumid
(310-340) to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 779 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
28 2 Orthic Gray (2017) 2 Alberta Plateau cold
(Od2-2b) Luvisol 4 2,000-2,500 e Humid
(610-760) b Aquic
inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 9,445 1 Kazan, 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
29 2 Orthic Gray (24462) James, cold
(Od2-2b) Luvisol Interior Plains e Humid
3 Cryic Fibrisol 2 Kazan Upland, b Aquic
Severn Upland,
Manitoba Plain
4 700-1,100
(210-340)
inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol Rocky 15,234 1 Kazan, 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
30 2 Rockland, (39454) James cold
(Od3-3b) Orthic Gray 2 Kazan Upland e Humid
Luvisol 4 1,000-1,200 b Aquic
(310-370) inclusions

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Organic & loamy or Productive, mixed D 11 1 Manitoba
clayey, moderately upland forest ; 2 Exploratory
calcareous glacial nonproductive,
till & alluvial lowland, coniferous
deposits swamp forest
Field crops (minor)
Undulating plain Organic & sandy or Productive, mixed E8 1 Alberta
clayey, weakly upland forest ; 2 Exploratory
calcareous glacial nonproductive,
till & lacustrine lowland, coniferous
deposits swamp forest
Undulating plain Organic & sandy or Productive, mixed C 12, 13 1 Manitoba
clayey, moderately upland forest 2 Soil survey
calcareous glacial Field crops (mixed
till or fluvial deposits grains, forage)
Undulating plain Organic & clayey, Field crops (mixed C12 1 Manitoba
moderately grains, forage) 2 Soil survey
calcareous lacustrine Productive mixed
deposits upland forest
Rolling plain Organic deposits, Productive, mixed E 7, 8 1 Alberta
loamy, weakly upland forest ; 2 Exploratory
calcareous glacial nonproductive,
till coniferous, lowland
swamp forest
Undulating plain Organic & clayey, Nonproductive D12 1 Manitoba
strongly calcareous coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
lacustrine deposits
Rolling plain Organic & clayey, Nonproductive, D,E11 1 Manitoba
strongly calcareous coniferous lowland 2 Schematic
lacustrine deposits forest ; productive,
Rockland upland coniferous
(igneous, forest
metamorphic)

H : DOMINANTLY ORGANIC SOILS -cont'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% hase
Area
sq mi
(km 2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
Soil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
H1 1 Fibrisol Rocky 18,650 1 James 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
31 2 Rockland, (48302) 2 Severn Upland cold
(Od3-3a) Orthic Gray 4 700-1,000 e Humid
Luvisol (210-310) b Aquic
inclusions
H1
32
(Od3-3a)
1 Fibrisol
2 Rockland,
Orthic Gray
Luvisol
Rocky 9,829
(25456)
1
2
4
James
Severn Upland
700-950
(210-290)
3.1-3 .2
Cryoboreal,
cold to
moderately cold
fe Subhumid
to humid
b-c Aquic to
subaquic
inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol Rocky 1,618 1 Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
33 2 Rockland (4190) 2 Mecantina Plateau moderately cold
(Od6-a) 4 1,300-1,600 e Perhumid
(400-490) b Aquic inclusions
H1 1 Fibrisol 2,367 1 Interior Plains 3 .1 Cryoboreal,
34 2 Orthic Gleysol, (6130) 2 Great Slave Plain cold
(Od4-1 a) Orthic Eutric 4 950-1,250 e Humid
Brunisol (290-380) b Aquic
3 Cryic Fibrisol inclusions
H3 Cryic Fibrisol
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol 222 1 Interior Plains 2-3 .1
40 (575) 2 Fort Nelson Subarctic,
(Ox1-a) Lowland very cold to
4 1,200-1,500 Cryoboreal cold
(370-460) fe Subhumid
to humid
c Subaquic
inclusions
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol 53,147 1 Hudson 3 .1-2
41 3 Orthic (137 645) 2 Hudson Bay Cryoboreal,
(Ox1-a) Humo-Ferric Lowland cold to
Podzol 4 200-500 Subarctic,
(60-150) very cold
d Perhumid
c Subaquic
inclusions
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol 1,159 1 Hudson 3.1-2
42 (3002) 2 Hudson Bay Cryoboreal,
(Ox1-a) Lowland cold to
3 Akimiski Island
Subarctic,
4 0-200
very cold
(0-60)
d Perhumid
c Subaquic
inclusions

Topography and
landform
hysical
haracteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating plain Organic & clayey, Nonproductive D 12, 13 1 Manitoba
moderately coniferous forest Ontario
calcareous
lacustrine deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
2 Schematic
Undulating plain Organic & clayey, Nonproductive C, D 12 1 Manitoba
moderately coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
calcareous glacial
till & lacustrine
deposits
Rockland
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Organic deposits Nonproductive D 22 1 Quebec
Rockland coniferous forest 2 Schematic
(igneous,
metamorphic)
Undulating plain Organic & sandy Nonproductive E 8, 9 1 Alberta
fluvial deposits coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
Level to undulating Glacial till, organic Nonproductive E 6, 7 1 Alberta
plain & lacustrine coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
deposits
Level to undulating Organic & sandy, Nonproductive C, D 14, 15, 16 1 Ontario
plain moderately coniferous forest 2 Schematic
calcareous
glaciofluvial
deposits
Level to undulating Organic deposits & Nonproductive D 16 1 Ontario
plain glacial till coniferous forest 2 Schematic

H : DOMINANTLY ORGANIC SOILS - cont'd .
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant Physiography
> 40% area
2 Subdominant 1 Region
> 20% area Area 2 Division Soil climate
Symbol 3 Significant 3 Local subdivision
Canadian inclusions sq mi 4 Range of Temperature class
(FAO/UNESCO) 10-20% Phase (km2) elevation, ft (m) Moisture subclass
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol 695 1 James 3.1-2
43 (1 800) 2 Lake Plateau Cryoboreal,
(Ox1-a) 4 2,300-2,500 cold to
(700-760) Subarctic,
very cold
d Perhumid
c Subaquic
inclusions
H3
44
(Ox5-3a)
1 Cryic Fibrisol
2 Orthic Gleysol
3 Orthic Eutric
Brunisol
64,189
(166 243)
1 Interior Plains
2 Great Bear Plain,
Colville Hills,
Anderson Plain,
Great Slave Plain
4 500-2,400
(150-730)
2
e
c
Subarctic,
very cold
Humid
Subaquic
inclusions
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol 13,158 1 James 3.1-2
46 2 Orthic (34078) 2 Eastmain Plateau Cryoboreal,
(Ox4-1 /2/3a) Humo-Ferric 4 100-400 cold to
Podzol (30-120) Subarctic,
Cryic Gleysol very cold
d Perhumid
c Subaquic
inclusions
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol 1,430 1 Interior Plains 2 Subarctic,
47 2 Orthic Eutric (3703) 2 Great Slave Plain very cold
(Ox3-1b) Brunisol 4 500-800 e Humid
(150-240) c Subaquic
inclusions
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol 35,166 1 Hudson 2 Subarctic,
48 2 Orthic Eutric (91 076) 2 Hudson Bay very cold
(Ox3-2a) Brunisol Lowland e Humid
4 50-300 c Subaquic
(20-90) inclusions
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol 1,341 1 Interior Plains 2 Subarctic,
50 2 Orthic Gray (3473) 2 Alberta Plateau very cold
(Ox2-2a) Luvisol 3 Caribou e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol Mountains c Subaquic
4 2,500-3,500 inclusions
(760-1 070)
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol 2,096 1 Interior Plains 2 Subarctic,
51 2 Orthic Gray (5428) 2 Alberta Plateau very cold
(Ox2-2b) Luvisol 3 Caribou e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol Mountains c Subaquic
4 2,000-2,500 inclusions
(610-760)
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol 25,395 1 Interior Plains 2 Subarctic,
52 2 Orthic Gray (65770) 2 Alberta Plateau very cold
(Ox2-3/2a) Luvisol 3 Cameron Hills e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol ' 4 2,500-3,000 c Subaquic
(760-910) inclusions

hysical characteristics
Texture and
Topography and character of parent
landform material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Level to undulating Organic deposits Nonproductive D 20 1 Labrador
plain coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Undulating plain Organic & clayey,
moderately
calcareous glacial
till, glaciofluvial &
alluvial deposits
Nonproductive
coniferous forest
F, G 3, 4, 5, 6,7 1 Northwest
Territories
2 Schematic
Undulating plain Organic & sandy, Nonproductive C, D 17 1 Quebec
loamy or clayey coniferous forest 2 Schematic
glacial till,
lacustrine or
glaciofluvial
deposits
Rolling plain Organic & sandy
glacial till &
glaciofluvial
deposits
Nonproductive
coniferous forest
F 7 1 Northwest
Territories
2 Exploratory
Undulating plain Loamy glacial till,
organic &
glaciofluvial
deposits
Nonproductive
coniferous forest
D, E 13, 14 1 Manitoba
Ontario
2 Schematic
Undulating plain Organic deposits, Nonproductive E 7, 8 1 Alberta
loamy, weakly coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
calcareous glacial
till with
noncalcareous
residuum
Rolling plain Organic deposits, Nonproductive E 7, 8 1 Alberta
loamy, weakly coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
calcareous glacial
till with
noncalcareous
residuum
Undulating plain Organic deposits, Nonproductive E,F 6, 7 1 Alberta
clayey or loamy, coniferous forest 2 Exploratory
weakly calcareous
glacial till

H : DOMINANTLY ORGANIC SOILS - concl'd .
Symbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
Soil 1 Dominant
> 40% area
Physiography
2 Subdominant
1 Region
> 20% area
Area 2 Division
3 Significant
3 Local subdivision
inclusions
sq mi 4 Range of
10-20% hase (km z)
elevation, ft (m)
Temperature Moisture climatesubclass
class
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol 419 1 Interior Plains 2 Subarctic,
53 2 Orthic Gray (1 085) 2 Alberta Plateau very cold
(Ox2-3/2b) Luvisol 3 Cameron Hills e Humid
3 Orthic Gleysol 4 1,000-2,500 c Subaquic
(310-760) inclusions
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol Rocky 7,506 1 James 2 Subarctic,
54 2 Rockland (19440) 2 Lake Plateau very cold
(Ox6-a) 3 Whale Lowland e Humid
4 2,000-2,300 c Subaquic
(610-700) inclusions
H3 1 Cryic Fibrisol Rocky 3,596 1 James 3 .1-2
55 2 Rockland (9313) 2 Lake Plateau, Cryoboreal,
(Ox6-a) Kaniapiskau cold to
Plateau Subarctic,
4 2,000-2,400 very cold
(610-730) d Perhumid
c Subaquic
inclusions

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling plain Organic deposits, Nonproductive E, F 7 1 Northwest
clayey or loamy, coniferous forest Territories
weakly calcareous 2 Exploratory
glacial till
Undulating plain Organic deposits Nonproductive D, E 20 1 Quebec
over rockland coniferous forest 2 Schematic
(metamorphic,
igneous,
sedimentary)
Undulating plain Organic deposits Nonproductive D 19 1 Quebec
over rockland coniferous forest 2 Schematic
(igneous,
metamorphic)
,, MIIIIINW61-4---
AIIWAJI~'
4#1 41
221

R : DOMINANTLY ROCKLAND
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
R 1 Rockland Rocky 1,060 1 Cordilleran, 3 .1-2
1 2 Orthic Stony (2745) Outer Mountain Cryoboreal,
(I-Po-1c) Humo-Ferric Area cold to
Podzol 2 Vancouver Island Subarctic,
3 Orthic Ranges very cold
Ferro-Humic 4 3,000-7,000 d Perhumid
Podzol, (910-2130)
Alpine Dystric
Brunisol
R 1 Rockland Rocky 9,065 1 Laurentian 3.2 Cryoboreal,
2 2 Orthic Stony (23477) 2 Mecatina Plateau moderately cold
(I-Po-1b) Humo-Ferric 4 100-1,800 d Perhumid
Podzol (30-550)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 493 1 James 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
3 2 Orthic Stony (1 277) 2 Severn Upland moderately cold
(I-Po-1b) Humo-Ferric 4 900-1,000 d Perhumid
Podzol (270-310)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 1,179 1 Laurentian 4 .2 Boreal,
4 2 Orthic Stony (3053) 2 Laurentian moderately cool
(I-Po-1b) Humo-Ferric Highlands e Humid
Podzol 4 600-1,000
(180-310)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 1,311 1 Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
5 2 Orthic Stony (3395) 2 Laurentian moderately cold
(I-Po-1c) Humo-Ferric Highlands d Perhumid
Podzol 4 1,000-2,500
(310-760)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 666 1 Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
6 2 Orthic Stony (1 725) 2 Mecatina Plateau moderately cold
(I-Po-1c) Humo-Ferric 4 1,500-2,100 d Perhumid
Podzol (460-640)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 3,540 1 Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
7 2 Orthic Stony (9168) 2 Laurentian moderately cold
(I-Po-1c) Humo-Ferric Highlands d Perhumid
Podzol 4 500-3,300
(150-1 010)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 1,919 1 Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
8 2 Orthic Stony (4970) 2 Laurentian moderately cold
(I-Po-1c) Humo-Ferric Highlands d Perhumid
Podzol 4 400-2,200
(120-670)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 2,475 1 Laurentian 3 .2 Cryoboreal,
9 2 Orthic Stony (6410) 2 Laurentian moderately cold
(I-Po-1c) Humo-Ferric Highalnds d Perhumid
Podzol 4 400-3,500
(120-1 070)

Physical characteristics
Reference
Topography and
Texture and
character of parent Vegetation and Geographic grid 1 Source
landform material land use reference 2 Reliability
Mountainous Rockland Productive C 5 1 British Columbia
(igneous, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Sandy glacial till &
colluvial deposits
Rolling to hilly Rockland Productive C 21, 22 1 Quebec
(igneous, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Sandy glacial till
Rolling to hilly Rockland Productive C 15 1 Ontario
(igneous, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Sandy glacial till
Undulating to rolling Rockland Productive B 16 1 Ontario
(igneous, mixed forest 2 Soil Survey
metamorphic)
Sandy glacial till
Mountainous Rockland Productive C 20, 21 1 Quebec
(igneous, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Sandy glacial till
Mountainous Rockland Productive C 21 1 Quebec
(igneous, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Sandy glacial till
Mountainous Rockland Productive C 20 1 Quebec
(igneous, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Sandy glacial till
Mountainous Rockland Productive C 19 1 Quebec
(metamorphic) coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Sandy glacial till
Mountainous Rockland Productive B, C 19 1 Quebec
(metamorphic) coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Sandy glacial till,
glaciofluvial
deposits

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling, hilly to Rockland ~Nonproductive D 21, 22 1 Newfoundland
mountainous (igneous, coniferous forest Labrador
metamorphic) 2 Schematic
Sandy glacial till
Undulating to rolling Rockland NonprodUctive D 22 1 Newfoundland
(igneous, coniferous forest Labrador
metamorphic) 2 Schematic
Stony, sandy glacial
till
Rolling to mountainous Rockland Productive C 15 1 Ontario
(igneous, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Stony, clayey
moderately
calcareous lacustrine
deposits
Rolling Rockland Productive C, D 13 1 Ontario
(igneous, coniferous forest Manitoba
metamorphic) 2 Exploratory and
Clayey, schematic
noncalcareous
to moderately
calcareous till
deposits
Rolling to hilly Rockland Nonproductive D, E 18, 19, 20 1 Quebec
(igneous, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Glacial till
Rolling to hilly Rockland Nonproductive D, E 17, 18 1 Quebec
(igneous, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Glacial till
Rolling to hilly Rockland Nonproductive D 19,20 1 Quebec
(igneous, coniferous forest Labrador
metamorphic) 2 Schematic
Glacial till
Undulating Rockland Nonproductive E 19, 20 1 Quebec
(igneous, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Glacial till

R : DOMINANTLY ROCKLAND-cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 1)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
R 1 Rockland Rocky 30,208 1 Cordilleran, 2-3 .1
18 2 Orthic Regosol (78236) Outer and Coast Subarctic,
(I-R-B-1 bc) Orthic Dystric Mountain areas very cold
Brunisol 2 St . Elias to Cryoboreal,
Mountains, cold
Coast Mountains Mx Mountain
3 Boundary Ranges influence
4 2,000-10,000 e Humid
(610-3050)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 8,631 1 Cordilleran, 2 Subarctic,
19 2 Orthic Regosol Stony (22353) Northern Plateau very cold
(I-R-B-1 bc) Orthic Dystric and Mountain Mx Mountain
Brunisol Area influence
2 Yukon Plateau, e Humid
Pelly Mountains
4 3,000-7,500
(910-2290)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 13,691 Cordilleran, 2-3 .1
20 2 Orthic Regosol Stony (35458) Central Plateau Subarctic,
(I-R-B-1 bc ) Alpine Dystric and Mountain very cold
Brunisol Area to Cryoboreal,
2 Stikine Plateau, cold
Cassiar Mx Mountain
Mountains, influence
Skeena e Humid
Mountains
4 2,000-10,000
(610-3050)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 4,044 1 Cordilleran 2-3 .1
21 2 Orthic Regosol Stony (10473) Southern Plateau Subarctic,
(I-R-B-1 c) Alpine Dystric and Mountain very cold
Brunisol Area to Cryoboreal,
2 Columbia cold
Mountains Mx Mountain
3 Percall Mountains influence
4 6,000-11,000 e Humid
(1 830-3 350)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 12,306 1 Cordilleran, 2-3 .1
22 2 Orthic Eutric Stony (31 871) Rocky Mountain Subarctic,
(I-Be-1 c) Brunisol Area very cold
2 Northern Rocky to Cryoboreal,
Mountains cold
3 Muskwa Ranges Mx Mountain
4 3,000-8,000 influence
(910-2440) e Humid

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Rolling to mountainous Rockland Nonproductive F 1, 2 1 British Columbia
(igneous, coniferous forest E 2, 3, 4 2 Schematic
metamorphic,
sedimentary)
Talus colluvial
deposits
Hilly to mountainous Rockland Nonproductive F 3, 4 1 Yukon Territory
(igneous, mixed forest 2 Schematic
sedimentary)
Stony, sandy scree
deposits
Hilly to mountainous Rockland Nonproductive D, E, F 4, 5 1 Yukon Territory
(igneous, coniferous & mixed British Columbia
sedimentary) forest 2 Schematic
Stony, sandy
glacial till
Lacustrine &
colluvial deposits
Mountainous
Mountainous
Rockland Nonproductive C 7 1 British Columbia
(sedimentary) coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
Stony, sandy weakly
calcareous glacial
till
Rockland Nonproductive E 5, 6 1 British Columbia
(sedimentary) coniferous forest 2 Soil survey
Stony, sandy weakly
calcareous
glacial till,
fluvial fans
& colluvial deposits

R : DOMINANTLY ROCKLAND-cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km z)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
R 1 Rockland Rocky 25,292 1 Cordilleran, 2-3 .1
23 2 Orthic Eutric (65504) Rocky Mountain Subarctic,
(I-Be-1 c) Brunisol Area very cold
3 Orthic Gray 2 Southern Rocky to Cryoboreal,
Luvisol, Mountains, cold
Alpine Dystric Hart and Mx Mountain
Brunisol Continental Ranges influence
4 3,000-10,000 e Humid
(910-3050)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 6,708 1 Cordilleran, Central 2-3 .1
24 2 Orthic Gray Stony (17373) Plateau and Subarctic,
(I-La-Bd-1/2c) Luvisol, Mountain Area very cold
Alpine Dystric 2 Omineca to Cryoboreal,
erunisol Mountains cold
4 3,000-7,700 Mx Mountain
(910-2350)
influence
e Humid
R 1 Rockland Rocky 19,343 1 Cordilleran, Central 2-3 .1
25 2 Orthic Gray Stony (50096) Plateau and Subarctic,
(I-La-Bd-1 /2c) Luvisol, Mountain Area very cold
Alpine Dystric 2 Skeena Mountains to Cryoboreal,
Brunisol 4 3,000-7,000 cold
(910-2130) Mx Mountain
influence
e Humid
R
26
(I-Po-Bd-1 /2a)
1 Rockland
2 Orthic
Humo-Ferric
Rocky
Stony
38,544
(99825)
1 Davis
2 George Plateau
4 500-1,400
2
e
Subarctic,
very cold
Humid
Podzol,
Orthic Dystric
Brunisol
(150-430)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 41,651 1 James 2 Subarctic,
27 2 Orthic Stony (107 872) 2 Larch Plateau, very cold
(I-Po-Bd-1/2a) Humo-Ferric Kaniapiskau e Humid
Podzol, Plateau
Orthic Dystric 4 800-1,800
Brunisol (240-550)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 1,800 1 Cordilleran, Central 2-3 .1
30 2 Orthic Stony (4662) Plateau and Subarctic,
(I-Po-Bd-1 c) Humo-Ferric Mountain Area, very cold
Podzol, Coast Mountain to Cryoboreal,
Alpine Dystric Area cold
Brunisol 2 Hazelton Mx Mountain
Mountains, influence
Coast Mountains e Humid
3 Kitimat Ranges
4 1,000-7,500
(310-2290)

R : DOMINANTLY ROCKLAND-cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km 1)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
R 1 Rockland Rocky 4,912 1 Cordilleran, Central 2-3 .1
31 2 Orthic Stony (12721) Plateau and Subarctic,
(I-Po-Bd-1 c) H umo-Ferric Mountain Area, very cold
Podzol, Coast Mountain to Cryoboreal,
Alpine Dystric Area cold
Brunisol 2 Hazelton Mx Mountain
Mountains, influence
Coast Mountains e Humid
4 2,000-8,000
(610-2430)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 720 1 Cordilleran, 2-3 .1
32 2 Orthic Stony (1 865) Southern Plateau Subarctic,
(I-Po-Bd-1 c) H umo-Ferric and Mountain Area very cold
Podzol, 2 Interior Plateau to Cryoboreal,
Alpine Dystric 3 Quesnel Highlands cold
Brunisol 4 3,000-8,000 Mx Mountain
(910-2440) influence
e Humid
R 1 Rockland Rocky 5,918 1 Cordilleran, 2-3 .1
33 2 Orthic Stony (15327) Southern Plateau Subarctic,
(I-Po-Bd-1 c) Humo-Ferric and Mountain Area very cold
Podzol, 2 Columbia to Cryoboreal,
Alpine Dystric Mountains cold
Brunisol 3 Caribou Mountains Mx Mountain
4 4,000-11,000 influence
(1 220-3 350) e Humid
R 1 Rockland Rocky 4,098 1 Cordilleran, Coast 2-3 .1
34 2 Orthic Stony (10613) Mountain Area Subarctic,
(I-Po-Bd-1 c) Humo-Ferric 2 Coast Mountains very cold
Podzol, 3 Pacific Ranges to Cryoboreal,
Alpine Dystric 4 1,000-11,000 cold
Brunisol (310-3350) Mx Mountain
influence
e Humid
R 1 Rockland Rocky 7,472 1 Cordilleran, Coast 2-3 .1
35 2 Orthic Stony (19352) Mountain Area Subarctic,
(I-Po-Bd-1 c) Humo-Ferric 2 Coast Mountains very cold
Podzol, 3 Pacific Ranges to Cryoboreal,
Alpine Dystric 4 4,000-13,000 cold
Brunisol (1 220-3 960) Mx Mountain
influence
e Humid
R 1 Rockland Rocky 907 1 Cordilleran 2-3 .1
36 2 Orthic Stony (2349) 2 Coast Mountain Subarctic,
(I-Po-Bd-1 c) Humo-Ferric Area very cold
Podzol, 3 Coast Mountains, to Cryoboreal,
Alpine Dystric Pacific Ranges cold
Brunisol 4 2,000-9,000 Mx Mountain
(610-2740) influence
d Perhumid

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Mountainous Rockland Nonproductive D 4,5 1 British Columbia
(metamorphic) coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Stony, sandy
glacial till,
glaciofluvial
& colluvial deposits
Mountainous Rockland Nonproductive D 6 1 British Columbia
(sedimentary, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
igneous)
Stony, sandy
glacial till
& colluvial deposits
Mountainous Rockland Nonproductive C, D 6,7 1 British Columbia
(sedimentary, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
igneous)
Stony, sandy
glacial till
& colluvial deposits
Mountainous Rockland Productive C, D 5 1 British Columbia
(metamorphic) coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Stony, sandy
glacial till,
colluvial & scree
deposits
Mountainous Rockland Productive C 5,6 1 British Columbia
(metamorphic) coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Stony, sandy
glacial till
& scree deposits
Mountainous Rockland Productive C 6 1 British Columbia
(metamorphic) coniferous forest 2 Schematic
Stony, sandy
glacial till,
scree & colluvial
deposits

R : DOMINANTLY ROCKLAND-cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
R 1 Rockland Rocky 22,563 1 James 3 .1-2
37 2 Orthic Stony (58436) 2 Larch Plateau Cryoboreal,
(I-Po-1 ab) Humo-Ferric 4 800-1,900 cold to
Podzol (240-580) Subarctic,
very cold
d Perhumid
R 1 Rockland Rocky 6,441 1 Laurentian 3 .1-2
38 2 Orthic Stony (16681) 2 Hamilton Upland Cryoboreal,
(I-Po-1 ab) Humo-Ferric 4 1,500-2,500 cold to
Podzol (460-760) Subarctic,
very cold
d Perhumid
R
39
1 Rockland
2 Orthic
Rocky
Stony
7,802
(20206)
1 Kazan
2 Kazan Upland
2-3 .1
Subarctic,
(I-Po-Ox-1b) Humo-Ferric 4 1,600-1,800 very cold
Podzol, (490-550) to Cryoboreal,
Cryic Fibrisol
cold
e Humid
R 1 Rockland Rocky 2,091 1 Kazan 2 Subarctic,
40 2 Orthic Gleysol Stony (5415) 2 Bear-Slave Upland very cold
(I-G-3b) 4 500-1,000 e Humid
(150-310)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 2,248 1 Kazan 2 Subarctic,
41 2 Orthic Gleysol Stony (5822) 2 Kazan Upland very cold
(I-G-3b) 4 700-1,000 e Humid
(210-310)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 2,071 1 James 1 Arctic,
50 Stony (5364) 2 Sugluk Plateau extremely cold
(I-a) 4 200-800 e Humid
(60-240)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 257 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
51 (666) 2 George Plateau extremely cold
(I-a) 3 Akpatok Island e Humid
4 0-250
(0-80)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 2,436 1 James 1 Arctic,
52 (6309) 2 Larch Plateau extremely cold
(I-a) 4 900-1,100 e Humid
(270-340)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 1,238 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
53 (3206) 2 George Plateau extremely cold
(I-a) 4 250-800 e Humid
(80-240)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating to rolling Rockland Nonproductive D 17, 18 1 Quebec
(igneous, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Sandy glacial till
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Undulating to rolling Rockland Nonproductive D 20, 21 1 Labrador
(igneous, coniferous forest 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Stony, sandy
glacial till
Rolling Rockland Tundra E, F 9, 10 1 Alberta,
(igneous, Wildlife grazing Saskatchewan,
metamorphic) Northwest
Stony, sandy Territories
glaciofluvial 2 Schematic
deposits
Rolling Rockland Nonproductive F8 1 Northwest
(igneous, coniferous forest Territories
metamorphic)
Stony, clayey,
lacustrine
& glaciofluvial
deposits
2 Schematic
Rolling Rockland Nonproductive F 8, 9 1 Northwest
(igneous, coniferous forest Territories
metamorphic)
Stony, clayey
lacustrine
and glaciofluvial
deposits
2 Schematic
Undulating Rockland Tundra F17 1 Quebec
(igneous, Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Undulating Rockland Tundra F19,20 1 Northwest
(igneous, Wildlife grazing Territories
metamorphic)
Glacial till
2 Schematic
Undulating Rockland Tundra E19 1 Quebec
(igneous, Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
glacial till
Undulating Rockland Tundra E 20 1 Quebec
(igneous, Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
sedimentary)

R ; DOMINANTLY ROCKLAND-cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
R 1 Rockland Rocky 60,249 1 James 1 Arctic,
54 (156 039) 2 Larch Plateau extremely cold
(I-a) 4 400-1,000 e Humid
(120-310)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 956 1 Hudson 1 Arctic,
55 (2476) 2 Belcher Islands extremely cold
(I-a) 4 50-600 e Humid
(20-180)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 1,134 1 James 1 Arctic,
56 (2937) 2 Larch Plateau extremely cold
(I-b) 4 800-900 e Humid
(240-270)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 69 1 James 1 Arctic,
57 (177) 2 Sugluk Plateau extremely cold
(I-b) 3 Charles Island e Humid
4 0-500
(0-150)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 14,327 1 James 1 Arctic,
58 (37105) 2 Sugluk Plateau, extremely cold
(I-bc) Povungnituk Hills e Humid
4 900-2,100
(270-640)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 3,127 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
59 (8099) 2 Labrador Highlands extremely cold
(I-c) 4 200-4,700 e Humid
(60-1 430)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 5,100 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
60 2 Cryic Regosol (13208) 2 Lancaster Plateau extremely cold
(I-Rx-1a) 3 Border Peninsula e Humid
4 500-3,500
(150-1 070)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 6,175 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
61 2 Cryic Regosol (15993) 2 Lancaster Plateau extremely cold
(I-Rx-1a) Boothia Plain e Humid
3 East Somerset
Island
4 700-1,250
(210-380)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 2,638 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
62 2 Cryic Regosol (6832) 2 Boothia Plain extremely cold
(I-Rx-1a) 3 Simpson Lowlands e Humid
4 250-1,100
(80-330)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 21,760 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
63 2 Cryic Regosol (56356) 2 Boothia Plain, extremely cold
(I-Rx-1a) Lancaster Plateau e Humid
4 400-1,200
(120-370)

hysical characteristics
Topography and
Texture and
character of parent
landform material
Vegetation and
land use
Geographic grid
reference
eference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Undulating Rockland Tundra E, F 17, 18, 19 1 Quebec
(igneous, Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Undulating to rolling Rockland Tundra D, E 17 1 Northwest
(igneous, Wildlife grazing Territories
metamorphic)
glacial till
2 Schematic
Rolling to hilly Rockland Tundra E 18 1 Quebec
(igneous, Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
glacial till
Rolling Rockland Tundra F 18 1 Northwest
(igneous, Wildlife grazing Territories
metamorphic)
glacial till
2 Schematic
Hilly to mountainous Rockland Tundra F 17, 18, 19 1 Quebec
(igneous, Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Glacial till
Mountainous Rockland Tundra E, F 20, 21 1 Labrador
(igneous, Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Level to undulating Rockland Tundra I 15,16 1 Northwest
(igneous, Wildlife grazing Territories
sedimentary)
Sandy
glacial till
2 Schematic
Level to undulating Rockland Tundra I 13,14 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Sandy
glacial till
2 Schematic
Level to undulating Rockland Tundra H 14 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Sandy
glacial till
2 Schematic
Level to undulating Rockland Tundra H, I 14, 15, 16, 17 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Sandy
glacial till
2 Schematic

R : DOMINANTLY ROCKLAND-cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
R 1 Rockland Rocky 375 1 Arctic Lowlands 1 Arctic,
64 2 Cryic Regosol (971) 2 Boothia Plain extremely cold
(I-Rx-1 a) 3 Boothia Peninsula e Humid
4 500-1,500
(150-460)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 4,710 1 Cordilleran 1 Arctic,
65 2 Cryic Regosol (12198) Porcupine extremely cold
(I-Rx-1 c) Mountain Area e Humid
2 Richardson
Mountains
4 1,000-5,500
(310-1 680)
R
66
(I-Rx-2a)
1 Rockland
2 Cryic Regosol
Rocky 3,940
(10204)
1 Arctic Lowlands
2 Victoria Lowland
3 Banks Island
1
e
Arctic,
extremely cold
Humid
4 400-1,500
(120-460)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 2,584 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
67 2 Cryic Regosol (6692) 2 Parry Plateau extremely cold
(I-Rx-2b) 3 Cornwallis Island e Humid
4 300-600
(90-180)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 2,071 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
68 2 Cryic Regosol (5364) 2 Parry Plateau extremely cold
(I-Rx-2b) 3 Bathurst Island e Humid
4 400-1,500
(120-460)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 14,031 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
69 2 Cryic Regosol (36339) 2 Parry Plateau extremely cold
(I-Rx-2b) 3 Melville Island e Humid
4 350-1,100
(110-340)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 379 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
70 2 Cryic Regosol (981) 2 Parry Plateau extremely cold
(I-Rx-2c) 4 600-700 e Humid
(180-210)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 118 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
71 2 Cryic Regosol (306) 2 Parry Plateau extremely cold
(I-Rx-2c) 4 400-800 e Humid
(120-240)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 3,812 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
72 2 Cryic Regosol (9873) 2 Parry Plateau extremely cold
(1-Rx-2c) 3 North Bathurst e Humid
Island
4 600-1,500
(180-460)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Level to undulating Rockland Tundra I 13 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Sandy 2 Schematic
glacial till
Mountainous Rockland Tundra G, H 2, 3 1 Yukon Territory
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
Sandy
glacial till
Level to undulating Rockland Tundra I 7,8 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Loamy 2 Schematic
glacial till
Rolling Rockland Tundra I 12,13 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Loamy 2 Schematic
glacial till
Rolling Rockland Tundra I 11,12 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Loamy glacial till 2 Schematic
Rolling Rockland Tundra 1, J 7, 8, 9, 10 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Loamy glacial till 2 Schematic
Mountainous Rockland Tundra J 10, 11 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Loamy glacial till 2 Schematic
Mountainous Rockland Tundra I, J 11 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Loamy glacial till 2 Schematic
Mountainous Rockland Tundra I, J 11, 12 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Loamy glacial till 2 Schematic

R : DOMINANTLY ROCKLAND-cont'd .
ymbol
Canadian
(FAO/UNESCO)
Map unit
Soil subgroups
1 Dominant
> 40% area
2 Subdominant
> 20% area
3 Significant
inclusions
10-20% ase
rea
sq mi
(km2)
Physiography
1 Region
2 Division
3 Local subdivision
4 Range of
elevation, ft (m)
oil climate
Temperature class
Moisture subclass
R 1 Rockland Rocky 394 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
73 2 Cryic Regosol (1 020) 2 Parry Plateau extremely cold
(I-Rx-2c) 3 Byam Martin e Humid
Island
4 300-500
(90-150)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 153 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
74 2 Cryic Regosol (396) 2 Parry Plateau extremely cold
(I-Rx-2c) 4 400-800 e Humid
(120-240)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 93 1 Innuitian 1 Arctic,
75 2 Cryic Regosol (241) 2 Parry Plateau extremely cold
(I-Rx-2c) 3 Helena Island e Humid
4 0-600
(0-180)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 5,267 1 Cordilleran 1 Arctic,
76 2 Cryic Regosol Stony (13641) Brooks Range Area extremely cold
(I-Rx-Bx-1 bc) Cryic Brunisol 2 British Mountains Mx Mountain
4 800-5,000 influence
(240-1 520) e Humid
R 1 Rockland Rocky 18,125 1 Davis 1 Arctic,
77 2 Cryic Humo-Ferric (46942) 2 George Plateau extremely cold
(I-Po-Bx-1 /2b) Podzol, Cryic 4 500-4,100 e Humid
Dystric Brunisol
(150-1 250)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 3,596 1 James 1 Arctic,
78 (9313) 2 Larch Platea u extremely cold
(I-b) 4 250-1,000 e Humid
(80-310)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 5,894 1 James 1 Arctic,
79 Stony (15265) 2 Larch Plateau extremely cold
(I-a) 4 900-1,100 e Humid
(270-340)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 1,963 1 James, Davis 1 Arctic,
80 2 Orthic Humo-Ferric Stony (5084) 2 Larch Plateau, extremely cold
(I-Po-Bd-a) Podzol, Orthic George Plateau e Humid
Dystric Brunisol 4 0-500
(0-150)
R 1 Rockland Rocky 1,933 1 James 2 Subarctic,
81 Stony (5006) 2 Larch Plateau very cold
(I-b) 3 Leaf River Valley e Humid
4 900-1,200
(270-370)

Topography and
landform
Physical characteristics
Texture and
character of parent
material
egetation and
land use
eographic grid
reference
Reference
1 Source
2 Reliability
Mountainous Rockland Tundra I 10,11 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Loamy glacial till 2 Schematic
Mountainous Rockland Tundra 111 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Loamy glacial till 2 Schematic
Mountainous Rockland Tundra J 11 1 Northwest
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing Territories
Loamy glacial till 2 Schematic
Hilly to mountainous Rockland Tundra H 1, 2 1 Yukon Territory
(sedimentary) Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
Stony, sandy scree
deposits
Rolling drumlinized Rockland Tundra E, F 20, 21 1 Quebec, Labrador
(igneous, Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
metamorphic) sandy,
loamy glacial till
& glaciofluvial
deposits
Rolling to hilly Rockland Tundra E 17, 18 1 Quebec
(igneous, Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Glacial till
Undulating Rockland Tundra E 18, 19 1 Quebec
(igneous, Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Undulating Rockland Tundra E 19 1 Quebec
(igneous, Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
metamorphic)
Stony glacial till
Rolling Rockland Tundra E 18, 19 1 Quebec
(igneous, Wildlife grazing 2 Schematic
metamorphic)