UPDATED TOPICS IN MINIMALLY INVASIVE ABDOMINAL SURGERY

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52 Updated Topics in Minimally Invasive Abdominal Surgery [132] Schroeppel TJ, Lambert PJ, Mathiason MA, Kothari SN. An economic analysis of hospital charges for choledocholithiasis by different treatment strategies. Am Surg. 2007 May;73(5):472-7. [133] Topal B, Vromman K, Aerts R, Verslype C, Van Steenbergen W, Penninckx F. Hospital cost categories of one-stage versus two-stage management of common bile duct stones. Surg Endosc. 2010 Feb;24(2):413-6. [134] Holte K, Klarskov B, Christensen DS, Lund C, Nielsen KG, Bie P, et al. Liberal versus restrictive fluid administration to improve recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized, double-blind study. Ann Surg. 2004 Nov; 240(5): 892-9. [135] Liberman MA, Howe S, Lane M. Ondansetron versus placebo for prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy. American Journal of Surgergy. 2000;179:60-2. [136] Bisgaard T, Klarskov B, Kehlet H, Rosenberg J. Preoperative dexamethasone improves surgical outcome after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2003 Nov;238(5):651-60. [137] Feo CV, Sortini D, Ragazzi R, De Palma M, Liboni A. Randomized clinical trial of the effect of preoperative dexamethasone on nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The British journal of surgery. 2006 Mar;93(3):295-9. [138] Kehlet H, Wilmore DW. Evidence-based surgical care and the evolution of fast-track surgery. Ann Surg. 2008 Aug;248(2):189-98. [139] Karanicolas PJ, Smith SE, Kanbur B, Davies E, Guyatt GH. The impact of prophylactic dexamethasone on nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg. 2008 Nov;248(5):751-62. [140] Fujii Y, Itakura M. Reduction of postoperative nausea, vomiting, and analgesic requirement with dexamethasone for patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc. 2010 Mar;24(3):692-6. [141] Sanchez-Rodriguez PE, Fuentes-Orozco C, Gonzalez-Ojeda A. Effect of dexamethasone on postoperative symptoms in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy: randomized clinical trial. World J Surg. 2010 May;34(5):895-900. [142] Keus F, de Vries J, Gooszen HG, van Laarhoven CJ. Assessing factors influencing return back to work after cholecystectomy: a qualitative research. BMC Gastroenterol. 2010; 10:12. [143] Beauchamp TL, Childress JF. Principles of biomedical ethics. 5 ed. Oxford: New York: Oxford University Press; 2001. [144] Epstein RM, Alper BS, Quill TE. Communicating evidence for participatory decision making. JAMA. 2004 May 19;291(19):2359-66. [145] Little M. Ethonomics: the ethics of the unaffordable. Arch Surg. 2000 Jan;135(1):17-21. [146] Matthews JB. Cost containment: think globally, act locally. Arch Surg. 2010 Dec; 145(12):1136-7.
Laparoscopy-Assisted Distal Pancreatectomy 1. Introduction 4 Masahiko Hirota et al. * Department of Surgery, Kumamoto Regional Medical Center, Kumamoto-city, Japan The advantage of laparoscopic surgery is obvious and has been extended to pancreatic and splenic operations. Since 1994, various laparoscopic pancreatectomy, including pancreatoduodenectomy (Gagner & Pomp, 1994), enucleation (Gagner et al., 1996; Dexter et al., 1999), and distal pancreatectomy (Gagner et al. 1996; Sussman et al., 1996), have been performed. As for laparoscopic splenectomy, nowadays it can be conducted safely even for splenomegaly due to portal hypertension (Hama et al., 2008). Open pancreatic surgery requires a relatively large incision for a small lesion, and therefore the potential benefits of the laparoscopic approach are substantial. The most common indications for laparoscopic pancreatic resection were presumed benign pancreatic diseases, such as insulinoma or localized neuroendocrine neoplasms and branch type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. The most common indication for laparoscopic pancreatic resection appears to be enucleations and distal pancreatectomy. Laparoscopic pancreatectomy, however, is still technically rather difficult because of the retroperitoneal position of the pancreas and the complex anatomical relationship between the pancreas and surrounding vessels. Thus, hand-assisted laparoscopic pancreatectomy is gaining recognition as a new and feasible technique that introduces a surgeon’s hand into the abdominal cavity during laparoscopic surgery (Klingler et al., 1998; Shinchi et al., 2001; Kaneko et al., 2004). As a modification of hand-assisted laparoscopic pancreatectomy, we devised a method of spleen and gastrosplenic ligament preserving distal pancreatectomy, in which pancreatic resection is performed under direct vision extracorporeally (Hirota et al., 2009). Furthermore, laparoscopic assistance is also helpful in no-touch distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer. For invasive pancreatic ductal cancers, the transection of the pancreas, splenic artery and vein, left gastroepiploic vessels, and short gastric vessels is performed at first to prevent the dissemination of cancer cells. Division of the pancreas, splenic artery, and splenic vein is done under direct vision through minilaparotomy at epigastrium. Division of the left gastroepiploic and short gastric vessels is done under laparoscope with left hand assistance. And then, retroperitoneal dissection is performed laparoscopically. In this way, the same no-touch distal pancreatectomy as open operation can be achieved. *Daisuke Hashimoto, Kazuya Sakata, Hideyuki Kuroki, Youhei Tanaka, Takatoshi Ishiko, Yu Motomura, Shinji Ishikawa, Yoshitaka Kiyota, Tetsumasa Arita, Atsushi Inayoshi and Yasushi Yagi Department of Surgery, Kumamoto Regional Medical Center, Kumamoto-city, Japan
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VI Contents Chapter 9 Appendicitis
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