Issue 17 - Free-Energy Devices

quantity will be determined by the cells and
electrodes’ heat exchange with the environment’s
heat. In the case with the dilatable intermetal
plumbumides of Na Ph kind, a polarity of
4 9
generator electrodes’ change will happen at the
diffusion of super dense polyatomic cubic [6] lead
unions[Pb4-Pb } to the peripheral anode and the
8
light ions Na + + , NH clouds on the cathode. The
4
+ portions’ NH / [Pb9 ] 4
4- masses correlation
compiles 1/103.
Side effects
It is known that sheloch metals push out the
hydrogen from ammonium with some time or at
the canalization’s presence in an analogy with
water: Me=NH 3 =MeNH 2 + 0.5H 2 (K=3x100 -9 [5]),
to which a very small, but visible solvent’s
autoprotolisys furthers. For the hardly dissolving
in ammonium lithium amides and for natrium
LiNH 2 and NaNH 2 hydrogen’s extraction appears
to be an irreversible reaction. The ammonium’s
dissolving speed’s raising with the electrically
positive dilatable metal’s growth, which is from
lithium – to cesium. However, if for the light metals
Li and Na this reaction is unturnable (the
crystallization of LiNH 2 or NaNH 2 and leaving the
reaction zone), then in case of the well dissolved
amides K,Rb, Cs the corresponding reaction turns
out to be reversible, the reaction constant number
compiles K=5x10 4 [4,5]. A pressure growth of the
highly dilatable in ammonium hydrogen will be
helping to the reaction’s reversibility too. So, to
prepare the working electrolyte for the “ammonium”
TEN is congenially by dilution not clean metals, but
with an addition of their hybrids Me + H - and of the
same type.
The other side reactions under the low working
temperatures may be the scheme of the free
ammonium (NH 4 ) o formation and its disintegration
[5]. So, the hydride-ions H - , having comparably long
effective radius about 0.155 nm and approximately
on three levels less density than the hydrated “naked”
protons H + , become the competing negative charges’
carriers in ammonium electrolyte in the same row
with solvatated electrons e - . As we see , the electric
transfer’s closed cycle schemes are possible not only
by solvated electrons and in an ammonium
environment, but also in halogen –hydrogen,
nitrogen-acidic, liquid SO 2 , Cl 2 , Br 2 and other
connections, including complex, some eutectic salt
melts, or even cryogenic F 2 , O 2 , H 2 . Perhaps, a schemes
of the thermal electronic pumps with a solid
electrolyte, on the base of Pb, Ni, Pt, dissolving
hydrogen with its ionization on elemental particles:
electron e- and proton p+. At this the dislocated
electron is “solvated” in the conduciveness zone, and
the moving “proton gas” H + is able to tunnel through
the metal-solvent’s fixated ion structure. The
theoretical proportion of the charges’ e - /p + carriers
masses in this case is 1/1836, which is on lever than
in the water solutions.
As we see, at a low enough absolute temperature,
when the thermal (mixing) ammonium molecules’
or metal-solvent structure atoms’ movement is small
enough, some separation of the different mass ions
may happen even in the gravitational Earth’s field
(1g) conditions, because the efficient density of the
“electronic gas” at 5 or more levels lower than metal
ions’ density. In other words, at the fixated vertical
pipe’s with a metal-electronic solution ends a nonzero
difference of electrical potentials must be
observed. (!). According to metal’s accumulation at
the bottom end of the pipe, the discharging current
will be decreasing, but a periodical pipe’s turning
“upside down” reanimates the “thermal-galvanic
element” at 100%. The force of the floating up low
density electrons in a solution in the external
gravitational field is the “electronic pump’s” driving
force EDS, and “the friction forces” – the thermal
(Brown’s) particles’ motion, the solution’s thickness
and the electrical resistance. The last mentioned
factors will be seeking for zero at the superconducting
ion systems. For the comparison: in an EVG reactor
with a diameter 0.3 m with circle rotation speed of 52
m/sec the difference of the potentials on electrodes
is about 0.03 V at the used ions H + /BrO 3 masses’
equilibrium of around 1/128 [1]. In ammonium
solutions an electron’s and metal ion’s masses’
equilibrium reaches: for kalium – 7.16x10 4 ; for
rubidium – 1.57x10 5 ; for cesium – 2.44x10 5 , which is
on three levels higher than the ion’s H + /BrO 3 masses
equilibrium in the EVG electrolyte. An approximate
calculation of the closed electric transfer cycle in
ammonium solutions of rubidium and cesium gives
an evaluation of the expected potentials’ difference
at the ends of every cell of 0.1 m high at about 0.8 V
during the rotation around the circle with a radius of
0.5 m with speed about 200 m/sec. A follow-up
connection of many spherical cells-reactors on one
spindle will give away the necessary EDS, and in
addition to that, the gathering electrical power is
limited by the heat exchange’s efficiency of (self
cooling) cells and electrodes’ surfaces with the
environment’s heat. It is sensible to incorporate the
cells-reactors in the engine-propeller empty blades
28 New Energy Technologies, Issue #3(18) 2004