Issue 17 - Free-Energy Devices

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MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC MOTOR Construction and the principle of a magnetohydrodynamic engine (MHD-motor) are described. The experimental values of the torque acting on the rotor of the MHDmotor are presented. Magnetohydrodynamics is a branch of physics that studies behavior of liquid in the magnetic field. The most interesting application of magnetohydrodynamics is the so-called project “Yamato-1” [1]. The motion of ship “Yamato- 1” is believed to be results of reactive motion. This is nothing else than the prejudice. It is not an aim of this article to criticize the authors of such practical applications of magnetic S.A. Gerasimov Faculty of Physics, Rostov State University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia E-mail: GSIM1953@MAIL.RU hydrodynamics. After all, this kind of transposition can be interpreted as a result of the reactive motion just so a propeller may be considered as a reactive propulsive device. This analogy is not very rough. The aim of this article is to describe a real magnetic hydrodynamic machine which acts with the violating Newton’s third law [2]. The work of this machine is based on the so-called SAIL-effect that takes place in a case of motion of magnet in a conducting liquid [3]. This effect based on the moving particles of conducting liquid under acting the magnetic field of a magnet push the magnet in the same direction. Below is the description of such machine. Fig. 1. Construction of the magnetohydrodynamic engine 10 New Energy Technologies, Issue #3(18) 2004
A cylindrical carbon-steel magnet M (of magnetization 2.0•105 A/m, of outer radius 55 mm and height 25 mm) can rotate around a nonconducting axle A mounted on the top of a central electrode E. In a case of precise measurements, the axle must be replaced by thin thread Z. The magnet is furnished with two rectangle thin (about 1mm) vanes (of height 45 mm and diametrical size 50 mm) made of plastic. The magnet is located axially symmetrically with a vessel C (of height 50 mm and diameter 150 mm) so that the vanes are partly or entirely submerged in a conducting liquid L. The cylindrical surface C of the vessel and the central electrode E (of diameter 5mm) are made from cooper. The bottom of the vessel is insulator, of course. In this experiment, the conducting fluid is 10% copper sulphate solution (CuSO45H2O). The height of the central electrode is equal to one of the vessel. When the direct current of strength I flows in the electric circuit, the magnet and the liquid in the vessel rotate together in the direction of the magnetic force F as shown in Fig. 1. The rotation of the conducting liquid in the vessel is caused by the Lorentz forces F exerted by the magnet on positive and negative ions drifting with velocities v + and v - , respectively, in the magnetic field of inductance B. In fact, the magnetized body situated above the conducting liquid pushes the liquid out in the direction perpendicular the magnetization of the body and the density of the electric current. Having acted on the vines this volume of the liquid carries the magnet. This is the sail-effect in which each vine plays role of a sail. Note, first of all, that this system differs from the thruster system “Yamato-1” principally. Namely, in this system the liquid and the magnet move in one direction. In case of propulsion system “Yamato-1”, the water and the ship move in opposite directions. The construction and its parameters are original. Therefore experimental results confirming reality of such a device are necessary. The set of the experimental data that tells us New Energy Technologies, Issue #3 (18) 2004 Fig. 2. Experimental values of the torque N exerted on the rotor of the MHD-motor at various depths of immersion d and strengths of direct current I . about values of the torque acting on the mobile part of the MHD-motor is shown in Fig. 2. These are the dependencies of the torque N on the depth of immersion d at various values of direct current I. In any case, experimental magnitudes of the torque N are significant. It is interesting to note existence of a diapason of the immersion depths where the torque does not practically change. It would be a good thing to test this result in detail. There exists a lot of possibilities to improve the parameters of this MHD-motor. One way to do this is to use a magnet with higher magnetization. The second method is to optimize the geometry of the system. Theoretical calculation can be useful here. Another way is to change the profile of the vines. This will enable to increase the net effective force which charged particles transfer to the vines and, therefore, to the rotor of the MHD-motor. References 1. Takezawa S. et al. Operation of the Thruster Superconducting Electromagnetohydrodynamic Propulsion Ship ‘YAMATO-1’. // Bulletin of MESJ. 1995. V. 23. N 1. P. 46-55. 2. Gerasimov S.A. Self-Interaction and Vector Potential in Magnetostatics. // Physica Scripta. 1997. V. 56. P. 462-464. 3. Gerasimov S.A., Volos A.V. On Motion of Magnet in Conducting Fluid. // Problems of Applied Physics. 2001. V. 7. P. 26-27. 11
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