Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

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Polar vortex • The polar vortex is a persistent large-scale cyclonic circulation pattern in the middle and upper troposphere and the stratosphere, centered generally in the polar regions of each hemisphere. • The polar vortex is not a surface pattern. It tends to be well expressed at upper levels of the atmosphere (> 5 km).
Polar <strong>Stratospheric</strong> Clouds (PSCs) • PSCs first form as nitric acid trihydrate (HNO 3 . 3H2 O) once temperature drops to 195K. • As the temperature gets colder, larger droplets of water-ice with nitric acid dissolved in them can form. • PSCs occur at heights of 15-20km.
Page 1 and 2: Environmental Chemistry Part 2 Atmo
Page 3 and 4: The ozone layer
Page 5 and 6: Ultraviolet protection by ozone The
Page 7 and 8: Typical ozone column values • Tot
Page 9 and 10: Ozone formation and destruction in
Page 11 and 12: Prediction by Chapman theory vs. Ob
Page 13 and 14: The important catalysts for stratos
Page 15 and 16: Chlorine atom Sources: Photolysis o
Page 17 and 18: Chlorine atom (Continued) Terminati
Page 19 and 20: The two-sided effect of NOx • NOx
Page 21 and 22: Numbering system for CFCs and HCFCs
Page 23: The discovery of the ozone hole •
Page 26 and 27: Features of the ozone hole • Ozon
Page 30 and 31: Why do PSCs occur at heights of 15-
Page 32 and 33: PSCs promote the conversion of inor
Page 34 and 35: Active Cl species can rapidly yield
Page 36 and 37: How does the polar ClOx cycle stop?
Page 38 and 39: Denitrification by PSCs enhances po
Page 40 and 41: Summary of the roles played by PSCs
Page 42 and 43: Schematic of photochemical and dyna
Page 44 and 45: Does ozone hole occur in the north
Page 46 and 47: Summary on ozone hole (Continued)
Page 48 and 49: What influences ODP? • Lifetime i
Page 50 and 51: ODPs of Selected Compounds Compound

Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

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