Pharmacology of Antiepileptic Drugs

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What about K+ channels? • K+ channels have important inhibitory control over neuronal firing in CNS—repolarizes membrane to end action potentials • K+ channel agonists would decrease hyperexcitability in brain • So far, the only AED with known actions on K+ channels is valproate • Retiagabine is a novel AED in clinical trials that acts on a specific type <strong>of</strong> voltage-dependent K+ channel (M-channel)
Valproate (Valproic Acid) • First-line for generalized seizures, also used for partial seizures • Also blocks Na+ channels and enhances GABAergic transmission (highly pleiotropic*) • Highly bound to plasma proteins; #Inhibits P450 • CNS depressant; GI disturbances; hair loss; weight gain; teratogenic; (rare: hepatotoxic)
Page 1 and 2: Pharmacology of Antiepileptic Drugs
Page 3 and 4: Simple Complex Partial Seizures lo
Page 5 and 6: Complex Partial Seizures Local ons
Page 7 and 8: In generalized seizures, both hemis
Page 9 and 10: Generalized Seizures (cont) • Ato
Page 11 and 12: Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?
Page 13 and 14: Antiepileptic Drug A drug which de
Page 15 and 16: Current Pharmacotherapy • Just un
Page 17 and 18: General Facts About AEDs • Good o
Page 19 and 20: Side effect issues • Sedation - e
Page 21 and 22: Targets for AEDs • Increase inhib
Page 23 and 24: Epilepsy—Glutamate Epilepsy Gluta
Page 25 and 26: Felbamate • Antagonizes the glyci
Page 27 and 28: Epilepsy—GABA Epilepsy GABA Majo
Page 29 and 30: Clonazapam • -Benzodiazepine used
Page 31 and 32: Phenobarbital - Barbiturate used fo
Page 33 and 34: Na+ Channels as AED Targets • Neu
Page 35 and 36: AEDs That Act Primarily on Na+ Phen
Page 37 and 38: Carbamazapine • A tricyclic antid
Page 39 and 40: Zonisamide • Used as add-on thera
Page 41 and 42: Ca 2+ Channels as Targets • Gener
Page 43: Gabapentin and its second generatio
Page 47 and 48: Levetiracetam • -Add-on therapy f
Page 49 and 50: Drug Interactions • Many AEDs are
Page 51 and 52: Treatment of Epilepsy • First con
Page 53 and 54: Partial seizures Simple Complex Sec
Page 55 and 56: • Treatment Status Epilepticus -
Page 57: Questions?

Pharmacology of Antiepileptic Drugs

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