The Ozette Prairies of Olympic National Park - Natural Resources ...

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_____________. 1941. Memorandum to the Director of the National Park Service. May 27. Archaeology— Indians—General File 740-02.4. Olympic National Park Archives. Magnusson, b.B. 2000. Observations on the Material Culture of the Scandinavian Immigrant Settlement at Lake Ozette and Royal (1880-1910). Unpublished report. Olympic National Park Archives. Martin, P.A.E. 1979. Productivity and Taxonomy of the Vaccinium globulare, V. membranaceum complex in western Montana. Master’s Thesis. University of Montana. Missoula, MT. Matthews, R.F. 1992a. Vaccinium uliginosum. In: fire Effects Information System [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ ____________. 1992b. Vaccinium oxycoccos. In: fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ Mauger, J.E. 1991. Shed-roof houses at Ozette and in a regional perspective. Part II. Pages 29-169 In: Samuels, S.R. (ed.). 1991. Ozette Archaeological Project Research Reports: Volume I, House Structure and Floor Midden. Reports of Investigations 63. Department of anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, and National Park Service, Pacific Northwest Regional Office, Seattle. McCrone, J. 2000. Fire up. New Scientist 166(2239):30-34. McCulloch, W.F. 1942. The role of bracken fern in Douglas-fir regeneration. Ecology 23:484-485. Moral, R. del. 1985. Succession on abandoned homesteads in the Queets River Valley, Olympic National Park, Washington. Unpublished report prepared under Purchase Order No. PX-9000-5-0464 to the National Park Service, Pacific Northwest Region. National Park Service. 2001. Cultural Resource Management Guildeline, NPS-28. www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/nps28/28contents.htm. Newcombe, C.F. (ed.). 1923. Menzies’ Journal of Vancouver’s Voyage April to October 1792. Archives of British Columbia Memoir No. V. Authority of the Legislative Assembly, Victoria, B.C. Page, C.N. 1976. The taxonomy and phytogeography of bracken--a review. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 73:1-34. __________.1982. The history and spread of bracken in Britain. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 81(B):3-10. __________. 1986. The strategies of bracken as a permanent ecological opportunist. Pages 173-181 In: Bracken: Ecology, Land Use and Control Technology. July 1-July 5, 1985. R.T. Smith and J.A. Taylor (eds.). Lancs: The Parthenon Publishing Group Limited. Leeds, England. Panzer, R. 2002. Compatibility of prescribed burning with the conservation of insects in small, isolated prairie reserves. Conservation Biology 16(5): 1296-1307. Parminter, J. 1984. Fire-ecological Relationships for the Biogeoclimatic Zones of the Northern Portion of the Mackenzie Timber Supply Area Summary Report. Ministry of Forests, Province of British Columbia, Victoria, BC. Parratt, S. 2009. Gods & Goblins: A Field Guide to Place Names of Olympic National Park. Edited and 69
expanded by G. Peterson and G. Peterson Schaad. Poseidon Peak Publishing. Forks, WA. Pascua, M. Parker. 1991. A Makah village in 1491: Ozette. National Geographic. 180(4):38-53. October. Peterson, R.T. 1992. Forward. Pages xiii-xvi In: Handbook for Butterfly Watchers. R.M. Pyle (author). Houghton Mifflin Company. Boston, Mass. Petroff, M. 1981. They followed a dream to Ozette. Forks Forum-Peninsula Herald and Sequim Press. July 8-9. Pickford, S.G., G. R. Fahnestock, and R. Ottmar. 1980. Weather, fuel, and lightning fires in Olympic National Park. Northwest Science 54(2):92-105. Pojar, J. and A. MacKinnon (eds.) 1994. Plants of the Pacific Northwest Coast: Washington, Oregon, British Columbia & Alaska. Lone Pine Publishing, Vancouver, British Columbia. Powell, J.V. 2002. Quileute Exploitation and Maintenance of Prairies in Traditional Times. Unpublished Report based on published and archival sources and ethnographic notes recorded by the author between 1968 and the present at LaPush and Lower Hoh River, Washington. Pyle, R.M. 2002. The Butterflies of Cascadia: A Field Guide to All the Species of Washinton, Oregon, and Surrounding Territories. Seattle Audubon Society. Seattle, WA. Pyle, R.M. and T.L. Pyle. 2000. Final Report: Oregon Silverspot Survey, Ozette Prairies, Olympic National Park. Unpublished. ____________________. 2001. Final Report: Oregon Silverspot Survey, Ozette Prairies, Olympic National Park Second Summer’s Work. Ramsden, K.H. 2004. Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Recent Tree Encroachment on the Ozette Prairies, Olympic National Park, Washington. Master of Science. Western Washington University. Reagan, A.B. 1908. Some notes on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 22:231-238. Rigg, G.B. 1925. Some Sphagnum bogs of the North Pacific Coast of America. Ecology 6(3):260-278. ________. 1940. The development of Sphagnum bogs in North America. Botanical Review 6(12):666-693. ________. 1958. Peat Resources of Washington. Department of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology Bulletin 44. State Printing Plant. Olympia, WA. Samuels, S.R. (ed.). 1991. Ozette Archaeological Project Research Reports: Volume I, House Structure and Floor Midden. Reports of Investigations 63. Department of anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, and National Park Service, Pacific Northwest Regional Office, Seattle. ___________. 1994. Ozette Archaeological Project Research Reports. Volume II: Fauna. Department of Anthropology Reports of Investigations 66. Washington State University, Pullman, and National Park Service, Pacific Northwest Regional Office, Seattle. Samuels, S.R. and R.D. Daugherty. 1991. Introduction to the Ozette Archaeological Project. Pages 1-27 In: Samuels, S.R. (ed.). 1991. Ozette Archaeological Project Research Reports: Volume I, House Structure and Floor Midden. Reports of Investigations 63. Department of anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, and National Park Service, Pacific Northwest Regional Office, Seattle. 70
Page 1 and 2:
The Ozette Prairies of Olympic Nati
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Table of Contents List of Figures .
Page 5 and 6:
Figure 35. 1895 Plat Map highlighti
Page 7 and 8:
Acknowledgments The conception for
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many obscure references. Many other
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Figure 1. View of Ahlstrom’s Prai
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Until recently, we were limited by
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zones between forest and prairie).
Page 17 and 18:
The drier east-facing slopes have c
Page 19 and 20:
e important nesting sites for some
Page 21 and 22:
to the sea to the north of Cape Ala
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1928, notes that “tuberculosis an
Page 25 and 26:
Table 1. Timeline for Major Events
Page 27 and 28: a significant part of the Makah’s
Page 29 and 30: oxes, spoons, and bowls. Mature con
Page 31 and 32: Figure 16. T.T. Waterman map. #22 a
Page 33 and 34: It is possible that the Ozettes vis
Page 35 and 36: in the wet areas, and salal berries
Page 37 and 38: Species Uses Plant Part Location Be
Page 39 and 40: Species Uses Plant Part Location Ti
Page 41 and 42: 32 were small, but they were in abu
Page 43 and 44: I still gather them [the leaves] ev
Page 45 and 46: The Makah harvested the leaves of c
Page 47 and 48: Born on February 2, 1926, eighty-th
Page 49 and 50: She arrived early enough on the Mak
Page 51 and 52: Prairie was not surveyed (see Table
Page 53 and 54: 44 Figure 35. 1895 Plat Map. Townsh
Page 55 and 56: Figure 37. Bracken fern (Pteridium
Page 57 and 58: 48 the [Ozette] prairies. They woul
Page 59 and 60: Enhance productivity of above-groun
Page 61 and 62: We do have some evidence that the O
Page 63 and 64: happened “yearly or whenever it w
Page 65 and 66: such as parent material, land form,
Page 67 and 68: to advance onto the Ozette Prairies
Page 69 and 70: near Ozette; their meat and oil are
Page 71 and 72: support their existing flora or par
Page 73 and 74: References Agee, J.K. 1993. Fire Ec
Page 75 and 76: Croes, D.R. and E. Blinman. 1980. H
Page 77: Howie, S.A., P.H. Whitfield, R.J. H
Page 81 and 82: Vanderhoof, M. 1960. Death of pione
Page 83 and 84: num hummocks dominated by Empretum
Page 85 and 86: Linda Kunze’s Survey of Sand Poin
Page 87 and 88: Appendix 3 Evidence of Indian Burni
Page 93 and 94: ear, and elk that graze in there. T
Page 95 and 96: the spiritual world of the prairies
Page 97 and 98: Prairie Animal Resources. The prair
Page 99 and 100: Ram Singh discussed the importance
Page 101 and 102: long by ½” thick. It was found o
Page 103 and 104: Ha’hiba, Trees common around the
Page 105 and 106: Vine maple (t’apsiyoqwpat, “spl
Page 107 and 108: proof), and the stalks were used in
Page 109 and 110: Mint (k’i’ilt’adapat, “cool
Page 111 and 112: THE TRADITIONAL CULTURE OF QUILEUTE
Page 113 and 114: property (with the exception of bea
Page 115 and 116: which can be used without permissio
Page 117 and 118: that spirits were just as natural a
Page 119 and 120: ture Spirit, T’siq’ati) rewarde
Page 121 and 122: to the sky and tried to obtain the
Page 123 and 124: 2) Each family had a part of a prai
Page 125 and 126: you waste what you are given, you w
Page 127 and 128: he’ll take it away. And not only
Page 129 and 130:
(a) Trail maintenance. Keeping up t
Page 131 and 132:
some distance. These level places b
Page 133 and 134:
you love. Come with me.” The suit
Page 135 and 136:
a place in the prairie where severa
Page 137 and 138:
a very good but circuitous trail, w
Page 139 and 140:
eye the Olympic peninsula with it g
Page 141 and 142:
four such rafters only two were use
Page 143 and 144:
more poles. Roots dried in this way
Page 145 and 146:
lands and to lack of a road from La
Page 147 and 148:
[5:33] [There are prairies in the l
Page 149 and 150:
een ancient midden heaps. In some p
Page 151 and 152:
[p. 215] Nettle. Common everywhere
Page 153 and 154:
inches high and the berries and cro
Page 155 and 156:
The Indians knew how to kill an elk
Page 157 and 158:
with skink cabbage leaves. The Indi
Page 159 and 160:
social activities. The year was div
Page 161 and 162:
Everybody worked hard. Must’ve be
Page 163 and 164:
ing it up until he got it killed an
Page 165 and 166:
view identified only as “by Dori,
Page 167:
Academy of Sciences. _____ and L.V.
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