The Ozette Prairies of Olympic National Park - Natural Resources ...

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Figure 22. Leah Parker at her home on the Makah Reservation. Photograph by Kat Anderson, 2007. few days after childbirth to bring back their strength (Gill 2005:411). 31 Various pieces of historical and interview evidence indicate berry gathering on the Ozette Prai- ries. Born July 1st, 1917, Leah Parker (Makah/Lummi, pers. comm. 2002) remembered how she and her mother (Bertha Smith) gathered cranberries on the wetlands when she was a girl of 12 (see Figure 22): “They [cranberries] were gathered in Novem- ber. She [my mother] would carry them in a bucket. We used to all have to pick berries so we would get quite a bit. We gathered them at Ts’oo-yuhs and Ozette Prairies. Those are the only two places that I know of. There used to be a lot of berries. We used to get ten-pound cans.” Kate McCarty (pers. comm. 2002) remembered gathering the berries of the evergreen huckleberry in the ecotone areas of the Ozette Prairies with her Makah in-laws: I know when we used to go down to Ozette [Prairies] on the trail, years ago before they put the boardwalk in there, when we would go down there we would pick, in the fall time, we would pick what they call Ozette berries. And they’re little, tiny, about the size of a match head, a little bigger. And they’re a tiny, tiny huckleberry. The last time I went to Ozette I didn’t see any of those plants—none. It grew under the trees and the berries were almost black. According to Greg Colfax, Makah (pers. comm. 2003): “They are some of the most fabulous cranberries you’ll ever want to sink your teeth into. We’ve picked cranberries around Ozette—off the Ozette trail by Ahlstrom’s Prairie.” Memories of picking bog cranberries at Ts’oo-yuhs Prairie are still fresh and some Makah still gather them there today: When I was a kid, I went with my mother [Ruth Claplanhoo], aunt, and her children from the Ts’oo-yuhs River bridge to the cranberry bog and pick cranberries in September or October when they turned red. There were a couple of acres. They
32 were small, but they were in abundance so it was enjoyable to pick them. We used watertight woven baskets to pick any berries. We ate them raw or canned them (Ed Claplanhoo, Makah, pers. comm. 2002). “My grandma [Hazel Purcer Johnson] said it was time to pick cranberries out at Ts’oo-yuhs after the first frost. It was usually around the first of October. I love them and I add sugar and water and boil them down. Usually I keep mine in the freezer. I don’t always cook all of them. I usually save them because I like to add them to breads. Sometimes I just like to eat them by themselves because they’re so high in vitamin C and it’s just a really good, healthful food for you. They used to take them and mash them with meat or dried fish and make little hard cakes for eating. You could naturally let them air dry if it’s nice Figure 23. Gary Ray, Makah, picking bog cranberries on Ts’oo-yuhs Prairie, late September 2009. weather or put them in the oven at a low temperature if you don’t have a food dehydrator” (Cathy Chamblin-Peterson, Makah, pers. comm. 2006) (see Figure 24). My mother used to pick cranberries and I went with her. She picked at the cranberry marsh near the logging road. I still gather cranberries today--especially for Thanksgiving and Christmas. I pick at Ts’oo-yuhs. They are eaten raw or cooked as a cranberry relish. If I hit it just right, I can get two gallons of cranberries. But I usually shoot for a gallon- -because it’s too much Figure 24. Cathy Chamblin-Peterson, Makah. Photograph by Kat Anderson, 2007.
Page 1 and 2: The Ozette Prairies of Olympic Nati
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents List of Figures .
Page 5 and 6: Figure 35. 1895 Plat Map highlighti
Page 7 and 8: Acknowledgments The conception for
Page 9 and 10: many obscure references. Many other
Page 11 and 12: Figure 1. View of Ahlstrom’s Prai
Page 13 and 14: Until recently, we were limited by
Page 15 and 16: zones between forest and prairie).
Page 17 and 18: The drier east-facing slopes have c
Page 19 and 20: e important nesting sites for some
Page 21 and 22: to the sea to the north of Cape Ala
Page 23 and 24: 1928, notes that “tuberculosis an
Page 25 and 26: Table 1. Timeline for Major Events
Page 27 and 28: a significant part of the Makah’s
Page 29 and 30: oxes, spoons, and bowls. Mature con
Page 31 and 32: Figure 16. T.T. Waterman map. #22 a
Page 33 and 34: It is possible that the Ozettes vis
Page 35 and 36: in the wet areas, and salal berries
Page 37 and 38: Species Uses Plant Part Location Be
Page 39: Species Uses Plant Part Location Ti
Page 43 and 44: I still gather them [the leaves] ev
Page 45 and 46: The Makah harvested the leaves of c
Page 47 and 48: Born on February 2, 1926, eighty-th
Page 49 and 50: She arrived early enough on the Mak
Page 51 and 52: Prairie was not surveyed (see Table
Page 53 and 54: 44 Figure 35. 1895 Plat Map. Townsh
Page 55 and 56: Figure 37. Bracken fern (Pteridium
Page 57 and 58: 48 the [Ozette] prairies. They woul
Page 59 and 60: Enhance productivity of above-groun
Page 61 and 62: We do have some evidence that the O
Page 63 and 64: happened “yearly or whenever it w
Page 65 and 66: such as parent material, land form,
Page 67 and 68: to advance onto the Ozette Prairies
Page 69 and 70: near Ozette; their meat and oil are
Page 71 and 72: support their existing flora or par
Page 73 and 74: References Agee, J.K. 1993. Fire Ec
Page 75 and 76: Croes, D.R. and E. Blinman. 1980. H
Page 77 and 78: Howie, S.A., P.H. Whitfield, R.J. H
Page 79 and 80: expanded by G. Peterson and G. Pete
Page 81 and 82: Vanderhoof, M. 1960. Death of pione
Page 83 and 84: num hummocks dominated by Empretum
Page 85 and 86: Linda Kunze’s Survey of Sand Poin
Page 87 and 88: Appendix 3 Evidence of Indian Burni
Page 89 and 90: Appendix 4 Evidence of Indian Burni
Page 91 and 92:
Appendix 5 Evidence of Indian Burni
Page 93 and 94:
ear, and elk that graze in there. T
Page 95 and 96:
the spiritual world of the prairies
Page 97 and 98:
Prairie Animal Resources. The prair
Page 99 and 100:
Ram Singh discussed the importance
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long by ½” thick. It was found o
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Ha’hiba, Trees common around the
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Vine maple (t’apsiyoqwpat, “spl
Page 107 and 108:
proof), and the stalks were used in
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Mint (k’i’ilt’adapat, “cool
Page 111 and 112:
THE TRADITIONAL CULTURE OF QUILEUTE
Page 113 and 114:
property (with the exception of bea
Page 115 and 116:
which can be used without permissio
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that spirits were just as natural a
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ture Spirit, T’siq’ati) rewarde
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to the sky and tried to obtain the
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2) Each family had a part of a prai
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you waste what you are given, you w
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he’ll take it away. And not only
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(a) Trail maintenance. Keeping up t
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some distance. These level places b
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you love. Come with me.” The suit
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a place in the prairie where severa
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a very good but circuitous trail, w
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eye the Olympic peninsula with it g
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four such rafters only two were use
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more poles. Roots dried in this way
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lands and to lack of a road from La
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[5:33] [There are prairies in the l
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een ancient midden heaps. In some p
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[p. 215] Nettle. Common everywhere
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inches high and the berries and cro
Page 155 and 156:
The Indians knew how to kill an elk
Page 157 and 158:
with skink cabbage leaves. The Indi
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social activities. The year was div
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Everybody worked hard. Must’ve be
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ing it up until he got it killed an
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view identified only as “by Dori,
Page 167:
Academy of Sciences. _____ and L.V.
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