The Ozette Prairies of Olympic National Park - Natural Resources ...

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Species Uses Bog Blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum) Bog Cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccus) Bog Cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccus) Bog Cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccus) Bracken Fern (Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens) Bracken Fern (Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens) Bracken Fern (Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens) Ca bup (Carex obnupta) Evergreen Huckleberry (Vaccinium ovatum) Indian Tea (Ledum groenlandicum) Salal (Gaultheria shallon) Vancouver Groundcone (Boschniakia hookeri) Wild Onions (Allium sp.) Table 4. Plants Gathered on the Ozette Prairies that were Traditionally Used Plant Part Location 27 Time of Year Harvested Reference Food Fruit Ozette Prairies Gill 2005:410-411 Food Fruit Ozette Prairies Food Fruit Medicine Leaves Ahlstrom’s Prairie Ahlstrom’s Prairie Food Rhizomes Ozette Prairies Medicine (toothache) Materials (for cleaning fi sh and laying fi sh on) Basketry Material Fiddleheads Food Fruit Beverage/ Medicine August – November August to Early September “Root vegetables are usually better after the fronds have died back in the fall” (Nancy Turner pers. comm. 2007) Gill 2005:409-410; Gary Ray, Makah, (pers. comm. 2007); Cindy Lee Claplanhoo, Makah, (pers. comm. 2002); Leah Parker, Makah/Lummi (pers. comm. 2002); Gill 2005:477 Gill 2005:477 Gill 2005:367; Vanderhoof 1960 Gunther 1973:14 Leaves Gunther 1973:14 Leaves Ozette Prairies July – October Leaves According to Buckingham (1975:77) this plant occurs on Roose’s Prairie Food Fruit Ozette Prairies Food Tuber Ozette Prairies September – November September – October July – November Melissa Peterson, Makah, (pers. comm. 2003); Cindy Lee Claplanhoo, Makah, (pers. comm. 2002); Gary Ray, Makah, (pers. comm. 2006) Kate McCarty (pers. comm. 2002); Vanderhoof 1960; Gill 2005:409 Gill 2005:407; Yvonne Wilke, Makah, pers. comm. 2002; Gary Ray, Makah, (pers. comm. 2007) Gill 2005:406; Swan 1869:25; Gary Ray (pers. comm. 2007) Ed Wilbur (pers. comm. 2002) Food Bulb Roose’s Prairie Parratt 2009
Species Uses Plant Part Location Beadruby (Maianthemum dilatatum) California Hazelnut (Corylus cornuta var. californica) Cascara Sagrada (Frangula purshiana) Common Camas (Camassia quamash var. azurea) Deer Fern (Blechnum spicant) Elk Moss (Lycopodium clavatum) Fool’s Huckleberry (Menziesia ferruginea) Giant Horsetail (Equisetum telmateia var. braunii) Pacifi c Crabapple (Malus fusca) Pearly-everlasting (Anaphalis margaritacea) Table 5. Useful Plants Likely Gathered on Manny’s, Ozette, or West Prairies Food Berries Disks for Gambling Game Food Medicine Branches Trunk Berries Bark Food Bulbs Food, Medicine (for lung trouble and stomachache) Medicine Leaves Whole Plants Mats Branches Food, Medicine (fertile shoots only) Food, Medicine Massage to soften skin Bulbs and Young Fertile and Sterile Shoots Fruit Leaves 28 Drier portions of Ahlstrom’s and Roose’s Prairies (Bowcutt 2007; Gill 1984) Roose’s Prairie (Weissbach and Bivin 1997) Roose’s Prairie (Weissbach and Bivin 1997) Manny’s Prairie (Gill 1984) Ahlstrom’s and Roose’s Prairies (Bowcutt 2007; Gill 1984) Manny’s Prairie, drier areas of Ahlstrom’s Priairie, and mounds in bogs of West Prairie (Gill 1982:1) Ozette Prairies (Weissbach and Bivin 1997) Ahlstrom’s Prairie (Bowcutt 2007) Ahlstrom’s Prairie (Bowcutt 2007) Ahlstrom’s Prairie (Gill 1984) Time of Year Harvested September – November July and August Reference Gill 2005:428 Densmore 1939 Swan 1870: 44 Gunther 1973:40; Gill 2005:308-309 Gill 2005:427 1 Densmore 1939:319; Gill 2005:365 Glenn Duncan (pers. comm. 2002) Densmore 1939:320 Gill 2005:363; Gunther 1973:10 Gill 2005:390-391 Densmore 1939:321 1 James Swan planted camas in garden beds on March 27, 1862, at Neah Village. He was served camas at three houses at the Ozette Village on October 22, 1863. He was served camas on July 30, 1864, at Ol’ George’s lodge.
Page 1 and 2: The Ozette Prairies of Olympic Nati
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents List of Figures .
Page 5 and 6: Figure 35. 1895 Plat Map highlighti
Page 7 and 8: Acknowledgments The conception for
Page 9 and 10: many obscure references. Many other
Page 11 and 12: Figure 1. View of Ahlstrom’s Prai
Page 13 and 14: Until recently, we were limited by
Page 15 and 16: zones between forest and prairie).
Page 17 and 18: The drier east-facing slopes have c
Page 19 and 20: e important nesting sites for some
Page 21 and 22: to the sea to the north of Cape Ala
Page 23 and 24: 1928, notes that “tuberculosis an
Page 25 and 26: Table 1. Timeline for Major Events
Page 27 and 28: a significant part of the Makah’s
Page 29 and 30: oxes, spoons, and bowls. Mature con
Page 31 and 32: Figure 16. T.T. Waterman map. #22 a
Page 33 and 34: It is possible that the Ozettes vis
Page 35: in the wet areas, and salal berries
Page 39 and 40: Species Uses Plant Part Location Ti
Page 41 and 42: 32 were small, but they were in abu
Page 43 and 44: I still gather them [the leaves] ev
Page 45 and 46: The Makah harvested the leaves of c
Page 47 and 48: Born on February 2, 1926, eighty-th
Page 49 and 50: She arrived early enough on the Mak
Page 51 and 52: Prairie was not surveyed (see Table
Page 53 and 54: 44 Figure 35. 1895 Plat Map. Townsh
Page 55 and 56: Figure 37. Bracken fern (Pteridium
Page 57 and 58: 48 the [Ozette] prairies. They woul
Page 59 and 60: Enhance productivity of above-groun
Page 61 and 62: We do have some evidence that the O
Page 63 and 64: happened “yearly or whenever it w
Page 65 and 66: such as parent material, land form,
Page 67 and 68: to advance onto the Ozette Prairies
Page 69 and 70: near Ozette; their meat and oil are
Page 71 and 72: support their existing flora or par
Page 73 and 74: References Agee, J.K. 1993. Fire Ec
Page 75 and 76: Croes, D.R. and E. Blinman. 1980. H
Page 77 and 78: Howie, S.A., P.H. Whitfield, R.J. H
Page 79 and 80: expanded by G. Peterson and G. Pete
Page 81 and 82: Vanderhoof, M. 1960. Death of pione
Page 83 and 84: num hummocks dominated by Empretum
Page 85 and 86: Linda Kunze’s Survey of Sand Poin
Page 87 and 88:
Appendix 3 Evidence of Indian Burni
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
ear, and elk that graze in there. T
Page 95 and 96:
the spiritual world of the prairies
Page 97 and 98:
Prairie Animal Resources. The prair
Page 99 and 100:
Ram Singh discussed the importance
Page 101 and 102:
long by ½” thick. It was found o
Page 103 and 104:
Ha’hiba, Trees common around the
Page 105 and 106:
Vine maple (t’apsiyoqwpat, “spl
Page 107 and 108:
proof), and the stalks were used in
Page 109 and 110:
Mint (k’i’ilt’adapat, “cool
Page 111 and 112:
THE TRADITIONAL CULTURE OF QUILEUTE
Page 113 and 114:
property (with the exception of bea
Page 115 and 116:
which can be used without permissio
Page 117 and 118:
that spirits were just as natural a
Page 119 and 120:
ture Spirit, T’siq’ati) rewarde
Page 121 and 122:
to the sky and tried to obtain the
Page 123 and 124:
2) Each family had a part of a prai
Page 125 and 126:
you waste what you are given, you w
Page 127 and 128:
he’ll take it away. And not only
Page 129 and 130:
(a) Trail maintenance. Keeping up t
Page 131 and 132:
some distance. These level places b
Page 133 and 134:
you love. Come with me.” The suit
Page 135 and 136:
a place in the prairie where severa
Page 137 and 138:
a very good but circuitous trail, w
Page 139 and 140:
eye the Olympic peninsula with it g
Page 141 and 142:
four such rafters only two were use
Page 143 and 144:
more poles. Roots dried in this way
Page 145 and 146:
lands and to lack of a road from La
Page 147 and 148:
[5:33] [There are prairies in the l
Page 149 and 150:
een ancient midden heaps. In some p
Page 151 and 152:
[p. 215] Nettle. Common everywhere
Page 153 and 154:
inches high and the berries and cro
Page 155 and 156:
The Indians knew how to kill an elk
Page 157 and 158:
with skink cabbage leaves. The Indi
Page 159 and 160:
social activities. The year was div
Page 161 and 162:
Everybody worked hard. Must’ve be
Page 163 and 164:
ing it up until he got it killed an
Page 165 and 166:
view identified only as “by Dori,
Page 167:
Academy of Sciences. _____ and L.V.
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