Japan and the Japanese

574 APPENDIX.
Yatuga-oka, in Kai. At the boundary between this province and that of
Suruga, it separates into two branches : the western, called the Ooygawa,
divides Suruga from Tootomi, and fills into the sea a short distance from
Iro ; the eastern brunch, named Foosi-no-gawa, runs at the base of Mount
Foosi-no-yam.-i, and enters the bay of Taga. The sources of the Aragawa are
at the lofty mountain of Fosio-daken, situated between the provinces of KootMikt-h
and Musitsi. It flows through the latter, and soon separates into two
branches ; the western, receiving the name of Todagawa, falls into the gulf
of Jedo, to the eastward of the city of that name, which is watered by
brandies and canals from the Todugawa. Upon one of these canals is the
celebrated Nipon-bos, or bridge of Japan, from whence distances are com
puted throughout the empire. The other branch of the Aragawa falls into
the great lake Tukgawa, formed in Kootsukeh province by the three great
rivers, Takasiua, Atsuma and Kawagawa. It divides Musasi from Koo
tsukeh and Simosa, and falls by one branch into the gulf of Jedo, and by
the other into the great lake Kasmiga-oora, whose waters are discharged, by
the large issue called Saragawa, into the Eastern Ocean. This lake, situated
in the province of Fitats, is fed by a number of considerable streams flowing
from the mountains of Moots, Simotsukeh and Fitats. The Ookumigawaand
the Figanipawa are two large mountain streams ; they discharge themselves
into the Eastern Ocean. The source of the Kosabngawa is in the province of Si-
11:1110. Its course is northerly, entering Yetsingo, where it takes the name of
Finegawa, and falling into the sea of Japan, near the city of Ituwogawa. In
Sinano it detaches a branch on its right, the Sai'gawa, which flows to the north-
east, and unihs itself to the Sinanogawa. This large stream originates in the
Akiyama mountain, in the province of Sinano ; it enters the Yetsingo, where
it discharges itself by three arms into the estuary of Niegata, which communicates
with the sea of Japan. The Ikogawa rises on Mount Sanotooki, on
the frontier of Sinano and Moots ; it traverses a part of the latter, where it
receives the Dn taint on the left, and on the right the waters of the salt lake
Inaba. It enters Yetsingo, where it takes the name of Tsugawa, and falls by
one of its branches into the estuary of Niegata, and by the easternmost into
that of Fukusimagata. The largest river in the province of I)ewa is the Mo-
gaiui, called at its embouchure the S.ikadagawa. It is formed by several
large streams, which flow from the snowy mountains of Moots, and it falls
into the sea of Japan.
The empire is distributed into eight grand divisions or countries, denomi-
nated Do, or "ways," namely, Gokynay,Tokaydo, Tosando, Foo-koo-ro-koodo,
S.in-in-do, S.in-yo-do, Nan-kay-do, and S,iy-kay-do. These are subdivided
into sixty-eight kokfs, or prosinces, which again consist of six hundred and
twenty-two koris, or districts.
I. Gokynay consists of five provinces, which compose the peculiar state or
demesne of the emperor ; they are as follows :
1. Yamasiro (eight districts); principal cities, Kio, or Miako, the resi-
dence of the Duiri, Nizio and Yodo ; productions, damasks, satins, taffetas,