Japan and the Japanese

MANAGEMENT OF CIII1 . REN. 403
dren was very moderate. I very seldom heard them rebuked 01
scolded, and hardly ever saw them flogged or beaten, either in private
families or on board the vessels ; while, in more civilized and
enlightened nations, these compliments abound.* In the schools
one might hear the children read all at once, and so loud as almost
to deafen one."
Whenever the Japanese went on shore, they killed geese and
ducks for the Dutchmen to eat ;
but at sea they had scruples about
killing them, 'though in fine weather the Chinese teal (Anas yale-
riculata), and several sorts of ducks, fairly covered the water, so
as to look at a distance like great islands. But, though scrupulous
themselves, they made no objections to Thunberg's killing them;
though, not being allowed the use of fire-arms, it does not appeal
how he did it.
At length, on the 7th of April, after a disagreeable and danger-
ous passage of twenty-six days, they reached the harbor of Fioyo,
whence the next day, partly by land and partly in small boats,
they proceeded to O.saka. Here each of the travellers disbursed
sixteen taels in presents to the captain and crew of the vessel, for
the hire of which the sum of four hundred and eighty taels was paid
oy the East India Company. They staid at Osaka only a single
night, during which they bespoke from some merchants, who visited
themt with samples, several articles, such as insects of copper, arti-
ficial trees varnished, fans of various kinds, writing paper, paper
hangings, &c. They left Osaka early in the morning, by torch-
light, and, following the same road which Kiimpfer had taken, reached
* Caron, whose opportunities of knowledge upon this point were much
superior to those of Thunberg or nny subsequent observer, is very explicit
upon this "
point. The parents educate their children with great care.
They are not forever bawling in their ears, and they never use them roughly.
When they cry they show a wonderful patience in quieting them, knowing
well that young children are not of an age to profit by reprimands. This
method succeeds so well, that Japanese children, ten or twelve years old,
beha v e with all the disiretion and propriety of grown people. They are not
sent to school till they are seven or eight years old, and then they a not
forced to study things for which they have no inclination."
t In Kampfer's time r.o personal intercourse was allowed with those of
whom articles were bought at Osaka, Miako and Jedo. In this respect there
nould seem to have been a relaxation.