Japan and the Japanese

ENGLISH ABANDON THE TRADE.
The arrangement with the Dutch was but of short duration
Fresh quarrels broke out. In 1G23 occurred the famous massacre
of Amboyna, followed by the expulsion of the English from the
Spice Islands; and, about the same time, the Company aban-
kandarins (two thousand four hundred and sixty-five dollars and twentynine
cents), equally between his Japanese and his English family ; the Eng
lish share to go, one half to the wife and the other half to the daughter, it
not being his mind so Cocks wrote " his wife should have all, in regard
she might marry another husband, and carry all from his child." By the
same ship Cocks made a remittance to the English family, having delivered
" one hundred pounds sterling to diverse of the lloyal James' Company,
entered into the purser's books, to pay in England, two for one," a very
handsome rate of exchange, which throws some light on the profits of East
India trade in those days. Adams' Japanese estate probably descended to
his Japanese son ; and who knows but the family survives to this day? The
situation of this estate was but a very short distance from the spot where tho
recent American treaty was made ; nor is the distance great from Simoda,
one of the ports granted by that treaty. The command of the fleet left
behind, on Pring's departure, devolved on Captain Robert Adams. Accord-
ing to Cocks' account, the crews, both Dutch and English, inferior officers
as well as men, were a drunken, dissolute, quarrelsome set. Ilundall gives
a curious record of the trial by jury and execution of an Englishman of this
fleet, for the murder of a Dutchman ; and it seems the Dutch reciprocated by
hanging a Dutchman for killing an Englishman. Master Arthur Hatch
was chaplain of this fleet. Purchas gives (vol. i., part n., book x., ch. i.)
a letter from him, written after his return, containing a brief sketch of his
observations in Japan. Purchas also gives a letter from Cocks, which, in
reference to the kofk of rice, agrees very well with Titsingh's statement
quoted on page fifty-four. Cocks represents the revenues of the Japanese
princes as being estimated in mangoca (mankofk) of rice, each containing
ten thousand goca (kofk), and each goca containing one hundred gaiitas
(gantings), a ganta being a measure equal to three English ale pints.
Cocks states the revenue of the king of Firando at six mangoca. He main
tained four thousand soldiers, his quota for the emperor's service being two
thousand. The income of Koskodono, formerly three, had lately been raised
to fifteen mangoca. That of the king of S.vtsuma was one hundred, and that
of the prince next in rank to the emperor two hundred mangoca. The value
of the mangoca was calculated at the English factory at nine thousand three
hundred and seventy-five pounds, which would make the kofk, or goca, worth
eighteen shillings and sixpence sterling, or four dollars and fifty cents, and
agrees very well with Caron's estimates of the kofk, which be calls cokien,
as worth ten Dutch florins, or four dollars. The estimalis of Kampfet
and Titsingh, given on page fifty-five, are higher.
16*