Japan and the Japanese
Japan and the Japanese Japan and the Japanese
188 JAPAN. A. D. 15981607. mutual advantage. The emperor then inquired if the people of Adams' country had no wars. He answered that they had with tha Spanish and Portuguese, but were at peace with all other nations. He also inquired as to Adams' religious opinions, and the way in which he got to Japan ; but when Adams, by way of answer, ex- hibited a chart of the world, and pointed out the passage through the Straits of Magellan, he showed plain signs of incredulity. Notwithstanding this friendly reception, Adams was ordered back to prison, where he was kept for nine-and-thirty days, expecting, though well treated, to be crucified, which he learnt was the custom- ary mode of execution in that country. In fact, as he afterwards discovered, the Portuguese were em- ploying this interval in poisoning the minds of the natives against these new-comers, whom they represented as thieves and common sea-robbers, whom it was necessary to put to death to prevent any more of their freebooting countrymen from coming, to the ruin of the Japanese trade. But at length the emperor gave this answer: that, as these strangers had as yet done no damage to him nor to any of his people, it would be against reason and justice to put them to death ; and, sending again for Adams, after another long conversation and numerous inquiries, he set him at liberty, and gave him leave to visit the ship and his companions, of whom, in the interval, he had heard nothing. He found them close by, the ship having in the interval been brought to Sakai, within seven or eight miles of Osaka. The men had suffered nothing, but the ship had been completely stripped, her whole company being thus left with only the clothes on their backs. The emperor, indeed, ordered restitution ; but the plundered articles were so dispersed and con- cealed that nothing could be recovered, except fifty thousand rials in silver (five thousand dollars), which had formed a part of the cargo, and which was given up to the officers as a fund for their support and that of the men. Afterward the ship was taken still eastward to a port near Jedo. All means were used to get her clear, with leave to depart, in which suit a considerable part of the money was spent ; till, at the end of two years, the men refusing any longer to obey Adams and the master, the remaining money was, " for quietness' sake," divided, and each was left to shift for himself. The emperor, however, added an allowance to each man of twc
ADAMS AND HIS COMPANIONS. 139 pounds of rice a day, besides an annual pension in money amount- ing to about twenty-four dollars. In Adams' case this pension was afterward raised to one hundred and forty dollars, as a reward for having built two ships for the emperor on the European model. Adams' knowledge of mathematics also proved serviceable to him, and he was soon in such favor as to be able, according to his own O account, to return good for evil to several of his former maligners. The emperor acknowledged his services, and endeavored to content him by giving him " a living like unto a lordship in England, with eighty or ninety husbandmen as his servants and slaves ;" but he still pined for home, and importuned for leave to depart, desiring, as he says, " to see his poor wife and children, according to con- science and nature." This suit he again renewed, upon hearing from some Japanese traders that Dutch merchants had established themselves at Acheen in Sumatra, and Patania on the east coast of Malacca. He promised to bring both the Dutch and English to trade in Japan ; but all he could obtain was leave for the Dutch captain and another Dutchman to depart. This they presently did, for Patania, in a Japanese junk, furnished by the king or prince of Firando, whence they proceeded to Jor, at the southern end of th& peninsula of Malacca, where they found a Dutch fleet of nine sail. In this fleet the Dutch captain obtained an appointment as master, but was soon after killed in a sea-fight with the Portuguese, with whom the Dutch were, by this time, vigorously and successfully contending for the mastership of the eastern seas.* * An account of Adams' voyage in two letters of his from Japan, may be found in Purchas His Pil/jrimes, part I., book in., sect. 5. Purchas also gives, book n., ch,-ip. v., Captain Wert's adventures and return ; and in book in., chap. L, sect. 4, a narrative by Davis, who acted as chief pilot of the first Dutch voyage to the East Indies, under Houtman. Hackluyt gives, in his second volume, a narrative of Lancaster's voyage, taken down from the mouth of Edmund Baker, Lancaster's lieutenant. Henry May's narrative of the same voyage is given in Hackluyt's second volume. What is known of the English expedition fitted out in 1594, will be found in Hackluyt, vol. iv., and Pilgrimes, book in., chap. i.,sect. '2. The English East India Company was formed in 1600, and Lancaster was immediately despatched on a second " voyage with four tall ships and a victualler," and by him the Eng- lish, trade was commenced. Pilyriin.es, book m., chap. iii.. sect. 1.
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188 JAPAN. A. D. 15981607.<br />
mutual advantage. The emperor <strong>the</strong>n inquired if <strong>the</strong> people of<br />
Adams' country had no wars. He answered that <strong>the</strong>y had with tha<br />
Spanish <strong>and</strong> Portuguese, but were at peace with all o<strong>the</strong>r nations.<br />
He also inquired as to Adams' religious opinions, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> way in<br />
which he got to <strong>Japan</strong> ; but when Adams, by way<br />
of answer, ex-<br />
hibited a chart of <strong>the</strong> world, <strong>and</strong> pointed out <strong>the</strong> passage through<br />
<strong>the</strong> Straits of Magellan, he showed plain signs of incredulity.<br />
Notwithst<strong>and</strong>ing this friendly reception, Adams was ordered back<br />
to prison, where he was kept for nine-<strong>and</strong>-thirty days, expecting,<br />
though well treated, to be crucified, which he learnt was <strong>the</strong> custom-<br />
ary mode of execution in that country.<br />
In fact, as he afterwards discovered, <strong>the</strong> Portuguese were em-<br />
ploying this interval in poisoning <strong>the</strong> minds of <strong>the</strong> natives against<br />
<strong>the</strong>se new-comers, whom <strong>the</strong>y represented as thieves <strong>and</strong> common<br />
sea-robbers, whom it was necessary to put to death to prevent any<br />
more of <strong>the</strong>ir freebooting countrymen from coming, to <strong>the</strong> ruin of<br />
<strong>the</strong> <strong>Japan</strong>ese trade. But at length <strong>the</strong> emperor gave this answer:<br />
that, as <strong>the</strong>se strangers had as yet done no damage to him nor to<br />
any of his people, it would be against reason <strong>and</strong> justice to put<br />
<strong>the</strong>m to death ; <strong>and</strong>, sending again for Adams, after ano<strong>the</strong>r long<br />
conversation <strong>and</strong> numerous inquiries, he set him at liberty, <strong>and</strong> gave<br />
him leave to visit <strong>the</strong> ship <strong>and</strong> his companions, of whom, in <strong>the</strong><br />
interval, he had heard nothing. He found <strong>the</strong>m close by, <strong>the</strong> ship<br />
having in <strong>the</strong> interval been brought to Sakai, within seven or eight<br />
miles of Osaka. The men had suffered nothing, but <strong>the</strong> ship had<br />
been completely stripped, her whole company being thus left with<br />
only <strong>the</strong> clo<strong>the</strong>s on <strong>the</strong>ir backs. The emperor, indeed, ordered<br />
restitution ; but <strong>the</strong> plundered articles were so dispersed <strong>and</strong> con-<br />
cealed that nothing could be recovered, except fifty thous<strong>and</strong> rials<br />
in silver (five thous<strong>and</strong> dollars), which had formed a part of <strong>the</strong><br />
cargo, <strong>and</strong> which was given up to <strong>the</strong> officers as a fund for <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
support <strong>and</strong> that of <strong>the</strong> men. Afterward <strong>the</strong> ship was taken still<br />
eastward to a port near Jedo. All means were used to get her clear,<br />
with leave to depart, in which suit a considerable part of <strong>the</strong> money<br />
was spent ; till, at <strong>the</strong> end of two years, <strong>the</strong> men refusing any longer<br />
to obey Adams <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> master, <strong>the</strong> remaining money was, " for<br />
quietness' sake," divided, <strong>and</strong> each was left to shift for himself.<br />
The emperor, however, added an allowance to each man of twc