foucault-and-the-iranian-revolution-janet-afary

324
Christianity: "aesthetics of existence"
in, 4-5; Arab adherents to, 228;
Christians in Palestinian movement,
229; Christians perceived as enemies
of Muslims, 229; compared to
Islam, 224-26; confession and
penitence and, 32; Crusades and,
1 00; disenchantment in, 237; early
history of, 242; fascism and, 56, 57;
fear of incursion and, 226; feeling of
sinfulness and, 216; homosexuality
and, 155-56; ideological movements
in, 243; Judgment Day and, 206;
Khomeini's hostility toward, 286n13;
leftist ideology in, 238; modern versus
traditional paradox and, 30-32; Nazis,
religious rituals and, 56; Orthodox,
241, 243; Peace of Augsburg ( 1555)
and, 299n87; perceived as inferior
to Islam, 237; Phalangists, 228;
progressive movements and, 229;
Protestant revolutionaries, 82-83;
reactionary movements in, 229;
religion as "opium of the people"
and, 186-87; respect for Muslim piety
and, 223; revisionism in, 230, 235;
revolt versus submission in, 242;
revolutionary movements and, 76,
229; schism in, 225; sexuality and,
30, 3 1-32, 146, 1 55-56, 291n20; Aii
Shariati, and left-wing movements of,
207; social protest and, 244; virtue,
human, in, 237; Western culture's
two legs and, 103; winning over of
rulers by, 244, 300n 102. See also
Anabaptists; Catholicism; Christian
fundamentalism; Christian rituals
Christian rituals, 32, 44, 54-56
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency),
Mossadeq overthrow and, 73, 78
CIDF (International Committee for
Women's Rights), 114
Civilization and Its Discontents (Freud), 33
civil rights movement (U.S,), political
spirituality and, 9
Clark, Ramsey, 104
cl ass, 1 24, 196, 226, 227, 230, 25 1, 252
Clave!. Maurice, 283n17
Clement, Catherine, 117, 126-27
clerics, Shi'ite: basis of leadership of,
89; collective will and, 35-37, 83;
Constitutional Revolution and, 72;
Index
earthquake relief and, 77; grassroots
associations and, 78; local councils
and, 76-78; opponents of Khomeini
among, 274; revolutionary alliances
of, 102; Reza Shah and, 73; role
of in Islamic government, 270,
273; sermons of, 82, 83; success of
anti-shah movement and, 265. See
also specific clerics
Clinton, Bill, 156
Club Culturel Tahar Haddad, 141
coalition of interests, in anti-shah
movement, 94-95
Cohen, Mitchell; 7
Cold War, 60, 168
collective will: as absolute, 123, 253; in
anti-shah movement, 213, 221; as
different from politics, 212; in double
register of movement, 260; love for
Khomeini and, 97, 222; political
spirituality and, 35-37; Shi'ite clerics
and, 35-37, 83, 95; women's reaction
to, 258-59
Colombel, Jeannette, 7
colonial culture, 20-2 1
colonialism, sexuality and, 140, 289n2
Commentaire, 134
Committee for the Defense of Freedom and
Human Rights in Iran, 81, 89, 128,
260
Committee on Artistic and Intellectual
Freedom in Iran (CAIFI), 111
communism and communists: in anti-shah
movement, 192-93, 257; Communist
League, 250; Communist Party,
220-21, 232, 250, 281n9, 298n70; in
Egypt, 235; Ettehadieh Communist
iran, 218, 298n79; executions for,
192, 294n17; fear of communist
takeover, 71, 203; fear of incursion
and, 226; Foucault's denunciation of,
75; French Communist Party, 232,