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BULLETIN CARNEGIE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 32
Crotaphytes collaris baileyi -Stone and Rehn, 1903:30.
[Crotaphytes collaris collaris]-Stone and Rehn, 1903:30.
Crotaphytus collaris auriceps Fitch and Tanner (syn. fide Montanucci,
Axtell, and Dessauer 1975), 1951:553. Type locality:
"3 1/2 mi. NNE Dewey. west side of the Colorado River,
Grand County, Utah" (holotype: KU 29934).
Cro~aphytus (Croraphytu~) baileyi-Weiner and Smith, 1965: 187.
Crotaphytus (Crotaphytus) collaris- Weiner and Smith, 1965:
174: fig. 1-6.
Crotaphytus collaris/wcus Ingram and Tanner. 197 1 :23; fig. I.
Type locality: "6.5 mi. N. and 1.5 mi. W. ofChihuahua City,
Chihuahua. Mexico" (holotype: BYU 16970).
Crotaphytus collaris melanomaculatus Axtell and Webb, 1995:
6: fig. 1, 2. Type locality: "25°14'10'N-103047'W or 3.8 km
%I .7 km E Graseros on the highway to Presa Francisco Zarca,
el 1250k m, Durango, MCxico" (holotype: UTEP 1591 5).
Etymology. -From the Latin collaris, in reference to the paired
black collars on the lateral and dorsal surfaces of the neck.
Diagnosis. - Crotaphytus collaris may be distin-
guished from all other species of Croraphyrus by the
absence of dark brown or black pigmentation in the
gular fold (= ventrally complete anterior collar) of
adult males. It may be further distinguished from
C. reficulafus and C. antiquus by the absence of a
reticulate dorsal pattern in adults of both sexes and
from C. reticulatus by the absence of jet black fem-
oral pores in males. It may be further distinguished
from C. dickersonae, C. grismeri, C. bicinctores, C.
vestigium, and C. insularis by the absence in adult
males of enlarged dark brown or black inguinal
patches, a laterally compressed tail, a white or pale
tan dorsal caudal stripe, and a pale tan or off-white
patternless region on the dorsal surface of the head.
It may be further distinguished from C. grismeri, C.
bicincfores, C. vesfigium, and C. insularis by the
presence of black oral melanin.
Variation (n = 30). - Rostral approximately four
times wider than high, usually rectangular in shape.
Rostral bordered by four to six postrostrals. Re-
maining snout scales irregularly arranged, an en-
larged middorsal series may be present. Nasals sep-
arated by four to six internasals. Frontonasals oc-
casionally enlarged. Canthals three; five to seven
scales separate canthals of left and right sides. Su-
praorbital semicircles present with eight to 13 scales
per semicircle, median scales may fuse to form azy-
gous frontals, especially in eastern pan of range.
Supraoculan flat or convex, smooth, becoming pro-
gressively larger medially such that medial scales
are two to four times larger than lateral ones. Cir-
cumorbitals present, not well differentiated from su-
praoculars. Superciliaries six to 13, extremely elon-
gate medial scale occasionally present. Palpebrals
ovoid, slightly convex, interspersed with numerous
interstitial granules. Preoculars, suboculars, and
postoculars form an arc of four to ten rectangular
scales, second, third, or fourth scale not elongate.
Supralabials 11 to 17, usually slightly longer than
high except anteriormost scale, which is square or
pentagonal. Lorilabials in one to four rows, ovoid
to rectangular, juxtaposed, separating supralabials
from suboculars and nasals. Aperture of external
auditory meatus rectangular or ovoid, often con-
stricted at or above the midpoint, approximately
two to four times higher than wide, with small,
strongly convex, somewhat conical auricular scales
lining anterior margin. Mental pentagonal, one to
1.5 times wider than high, bordered laterally by an-
terior infralabials and posteriorly by a pair of large
postmentals. Postmentals usually not separated from
infralabials by sublabials; mental occasionally con-
tacted by one or two sublabials. Chinshields weakly
differentiated or undifferentiated. Infralabials 1 1 to
15, square or wider than high, inferior border con-
vex. Gulars granular, strongly convex and beadlike,
each scale separated from adjacent scales by nu-
merous asymmetrically arranged interstitial gran-
ules.
Dorsal scales in approximately 136 to 186 rows
midway between forelimb and hindlimb insertions.
Tail long, cylindrical in both sexes and all age groups.
Paired, median row of subcaudals larger than ad-
jacent subcaudals and lateral caudals. Enlarged post-
anal scales present in males.
Deep postfemoral dermal mite pocket usually
present at hindlimb insertion. Femoral pores 15 to
24, femoral pores do not extend beyond angle of
knee, separated medially by 14 to 24 granular scales.
Subdigital lamellae on fourth toe 15 to 22.
Coloration in Life. -The color pattern of Crota-
phytus collaris is extremely variable and it is prob-
ably not possible to give a complete description of
the various color phases that characterize different
populations of this wide-ranging species, especially
given that the often vibrant coloration displayed by
these lizards is quickly lost in preservative. For this
reason, the following description of coloration in C.
collaris is limited in some respects to those color
morphs that I have examined firsthand.
Dorsal body coloration of adult males is extreme-
ly variable with some populations characterized by
a green dorsal coloration, others by a turquoise to
pale green body with a yellow head and feet, others
by a pale or dark brown coloration, and still others
by a gray or combination of gray and olive green.
In those populations characterized by a yellow head,
the intensity of the yellow pigments may range from