1996 McGUIRE-SYSTEMATICS OF CROTAPHYTID LIZARDS 105 121 120 119 0 Modesto 35 Pacific Ocean San Joaquin Valley 121 120 119 Fig. 5 1 .-Geographic distribution of Gatnbelia silur. nosed snake (Rhinocheiius Iecontei), and common degradation associated with agricultural develop- kingsnake (Lampropeltis geruia). ment of the San Joaquin valley. As of 1990, only Remarks. - Garnbelia silus is now extinct over seven percent of the San Joaquin valley had not been much of it historical range due primarily to habitat altered by agricultural and urban development 37 36 35
106 BULLETIN CARNEGIE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 32 (Steinhart, 1990). As a result, this species is a fed- of notched zygosphenes and zygantra, and in the erally and state listed endangered species. Illustrations. - Montanucci ( 1 965) provided a line possession of an elongate (rather than truncated) and slender nasal process of the premaxilla. For a didrawing of the snout squamation; black-and-white agnosis distinguishing G. rvislizenii and G. copei. see photographs were provided by Van Denburgh discussion under the G. copei taxonomic account. (1922), Smith (1946), and Pickwell (1972); color Variarion (n = 20).-Rostra1 approximately four illustrations were given in Smith and Brodie (1982) times wider than high, usually rectangular in shape. and Stebbins (1985); color photographs were pro- Rostra1 bordered by five to eight postrostrals. Revided in Behler and King (1979) and Steinhart maining snout scales irregularly arranged, an en- ( 1 990). larged middorsal series may be present. Nasals sep- Gambdia wislizenii Baird and Girard (Fig. 30A) arated by six to nine internasals. Frontonasals occasionally enlarged. Canthals four; posterior one or two wider than high; seven to nine scales separate Croraphjvus lvislizenii Baird and Girard, 1 85 2:69. Type locality: canthals of left and right sides. Supraorbital semi- "near Santa Fe," New Mexico (holotype: USNM, now lost or destroyed); invalid holotYPe (Yamow 1882~): USNM 2770; invalid lectotype (Tanner and Banta 1963): USNM 2685. Croraphyrus gambelii Baird and Girard (syn. fide Cope, 1900), 1852:]26. Type locality: known. . .Californiaw (holotype: USNM 2722). circles absent. Supraoculars small, flat or convex, smooth, becoming progressively larger medially such that medial scales are two to four times larger than lateral ones. Circumorbitals absent. Superciliaries seven to 13, extremely elongate medial scale pres- Croraph~~us/hciatus Hallowell (syn. fide Cope, 19001, 1852:207. ent. Palpebrals ovoid, slightly convex, may be in- ~ype locality: "Sand hills, at the lower end of the Jornada dcl Muerte. New Mexico" (holotype: USNM 2736). Leios. [ourus] fasciatus-DumCril, 1856:533. L. [eiosourus] hallowel/ii Dumeril (substitute name for L. farciatus Hallowell. 18521, 1856533. Crotaphytus (Gambelia) nblizenii- Baird, 1858:253. Gantbelia #bl;:enii-Smith, 1946: 1 58; fig. 57, 68; pl. 30. Crotaphyrus (Gambelia) wislizeni punctartcs Tanner and Banta. 1963:138; fig. 1-5. Type locality: "Yellow Cat Mining District approximately 10 miles south of U.S. Highway 50-6, Grand County, Utah" (holotype: BYU 20928). Crotaphynrs(Gambelia) wislizeni- Weinerand Smith, 1965: 186: fig. 1-6. Crotaphyrus tvislizenii neseotes-Banta and Tanner (syn. fidc Montanucci, 1978), 1968:186; Jig. 1-5. Type locality: "Cedros Island; west coast of Baja California None, Mexico" (holotype: CAS 79872). Gantbelia ~clislizeni-Montanucci, Axtell, and Dessauer, 1975: terspersed with numerous interstitial granules. Preoculars, suboculars, and postoculars form an arc of four Seven second, third, Or fourth scale elongate. Supralabials 12 to 17, usually slightly longer than high except anteriormost scale, which is square. Lorilabials in one to four rows, ovoid to rectangular, juxtaposed, separating supralabials from suboculan and nasals. ~~erture of external auditory meatus rectangular or ovoid, often constricted at or above the midpoint, approximately two to four times higher than wide, with small, strongly convex, somewhat auricular scales lining anterior margin. pentagonal, One 1.5 times wider than high, bordered laterally by anterior infralabials and posteriorly by a pair of post- 339. Croraphytus tvislizeni maculosw-Tanner and Banta. 1977:230 fig. 24. Type locality: "approximately 2OOm W of the lookout point along Nevada Highway 33, west side of Pyramid Lakc, Washoe County. Nevada" (holotype: BYU 32685). Erymology. -Named in honor of Dr. Frcdcrick Adolphus Wislizenus, an army surgeon, who collected the original type specimen. mentals that may be enlarged. Postmentals almost always separated from infralabials by sublabials on at least one side. Chinshields weakly differentiated or undifferentiated. Infralabials 12 to 17, square or wider than high, inferior border convex. Gulan usually flat, but occasionally convex and beadlike (especially in southern portion of range); each scale may be separated from adjacent scales by numerous Diagnosis. -Gambelia tvislizenii is distinguished asymmetrically arranged interstitial granules. from G. coronaf by the absence of a broad, trans- Dorsal scales in approximately 158 to 224 rows versely concave frontal bone, the presence of a fron- midway between forelimb and hindlimb insertions. toparietal suture posterior to the posterior extent of Tail long, cylindrical in both sexes and all age groups. the orbits, and an elongate and slender nasal process Paired, median row of subcaudals not larger than of the premaxilla. It is diagnosable from G. silus in adjacent subcaudals and lateral caudals. Enlarged its absence of male breeding coloration, absence of postanal scales present in males. sexual dimorphism wherein males are larger than Deep postfemoral dermal mite pocket present at females (the reverse condition is present), absence hindlimb insertion. Femoral pores 15 to 25, femoral
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