The Geography of Phytochemical Races

2.3 Europe 41
Fig. 2.22 Map of northeastern
Italy and adjacent regions
from which specimens of
Valeriana offi cialis were
obtained
Table 2.5 Selected terpenes from three populations of Valeriana offi cinalis (from Coassini Lokar
and Moneghini, 1989)
Compound Alps Aa Alps B Karst
α-Pinene 4.59b 23.91 0.10
Limonene 0.44 0.23 2.55
n-Butyl valerate 0.19 0.28 2.46
1,8-Cineole 4.29 3.77 6.51
α-Terpineol 0.95 3.54 7.54
Bornyl acetate 21.59 33.39 0.40
Borneol + isoborneol 30.73 22.90 3.64
Valeranal 10.15 6.52 5.60
Isobornyl isovalerate 13.07 11.25 47.80
Valeranone 3.04 5.28 6.75
a Alps A and B are from the Apuan Alps.
b Percentage composition of leaf terpenes.
2.3.9 Cistus (Cistaceae)
As part of a study of the secondary chemistry of members of Cistus (the rockrose)
in France, Robles and Garzino (1998) examined the essential oil of C. albidus
L. Plants were sampled from two areas in Provence characterized by different soil
types, calcareous sites west of Marseille, and siliceous sites near Pierrefeu-du-Var
and Bormes les Mimosas (PF and BM, respectively, in Fig. 2.23), which lie about
60 km and 80 km to the east, respectively, in the Massif les Maures. Regardless of
the soil type, α-zingiberene [88] (Fig. 2.24) was the dominant component. Concentrations
of other major components of the plants varied between the two soil types,
as summarized in Table 2.6. Many other compounds were present in lesser amounts,
but varied little between the two areas. A more recent paper by the same workers
(Robles and Garzino, 2000) described an analysis of C. monspeliensis L. leaf oils,
the results of which are summarized in Table 2.7.