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54 CHAPTER <strong>10</strong><br />

Snake (probably as <strong>the</strong> Uroboros that surrounds <strong>the</strong> World, cf. e.g.<br />

Acta Thomae 32) enters into <strong>the</strong> Cosmic Womb <strong>of</strong> Impurity <strong>and</strong> thus<br />

Man is born: <strong>the</strong> impure <strong>and</strong> most-suffering (appleÔÏ˘appleԛ̈Ó) Womb<br />

nei<strong>the</strong>r loves nor recognises nor admits inside her any form o<strong>the</strong>r than<br />

that <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> primaeval Serpent. For this reason when <strong>the</strong> perfect Logos<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Light above wills to descend into <strong>the</strong> world in order to redeem<br />

from <strong>the</strong> embrace <strong>of</strong> Darkness <strong>the</strong> effulgence <strong>of</strong> its radiance <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

spiritual breath that are imprisoned in nature wailing <strong>and</strong> crying for<br />

liberation from <strong>the</strong> bonds <strong>of</strong> impurity <strong>and</strong> disorder, Logos deceives <strong>the</strong><br />

Womb <strong>of</strong> Abomination <strong>and</strong> penetrates her in <strong>the</strong> form <strong>of</strong> her beloved<br />

reckless <strong>and</strong> lawless Wind, <strong>the</strong> Primordial Snake. After <strong>the</strong> completion<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> abominable mysteries <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Womb, Logos is purified toge<strong>the</strong>r<br />

with <strong>the</strong> entire con-substantial sequence <strong>of</strong> light <strong>and</strong> spirit as well as all<br />

<strong>the</strong> intellects (Ùa âÓ ÁÓÒÛÂÈ appleÓ‡̷ٷ Ùɘ àÏËı›·˜) by means <strong>of</strong><br />

<strong>the</strong> chalice <strong>of</strong> upsurging living water, <strong>the</strong> cosmic semen, <strong>the</strong> warrant <strong>of</strong><br />

Salvation (19 §§19-21). 13<br />

4. The proximity <strong>and</strong> connection <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> analysed systems <strong>and</strong><br />

<strong>the</strong>ories with one ano<strong>the</strong>r is manifest. One characteristic feature <strong>of</strong><br />

Phoenician <strong>the</strong>ologies was <strong>the</strong> importance attributed to <strong>the</strong> serpent, as<br />

Philo, allegedly following Sanchouniathon, reports in detail (790<br />

FrGrH F4; Eusebius, Praeparatio Evangelica I, <strong>10</strong>, 45-53). This<br />

feature is directly related to <strong>the</strong> Ophitic Gnosis <strong>and</strong> Philo himself<br />

identifies <strong>the</strong> origin <strong>of</strong> Pherecydes’ <strong>the</strong>ory on Ophioneus <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

Ophionites in Phoenician models (Eusebius op. cit. I, <strong>10</strong>, 50 = 7 B4<br />

DK). With reference to <strong>the</strong> philosophical <strong>the</strong>ology <strong>of</strong> first principles<br />

<strong>the</strong> salient feature <strong>of</strong> this group <strong>of</strong> beliefs is a radical or mediated<br />

Dualism between an active life-generating principle <strong>of</strong> motion <strong>and</strong> a<br />

passive principle <strong>of</strong> reception, between energetic fullness <strong>and</strong> inert<br />

indeterminacy. The first principle is conceived as fertilizing breath,<br />

Wind <strong>of</strong> impulse, Spirit <strong>of</strong> life; <strong>the</strong> second as Abyss <strong>of</strong> Waters,<br />

Darkness <strong>of</strong> Chaos. 14 Philo Judaeus declares <strong>the</strong> life-generating power<br />

<strong>of</strong> wind’s breath that permeates water, Quaestiones et Solutiones in<br />

Genesin IV, 5: ultima vero divinorum sortitus est aer, animans<br />

creaturas congregatas. Nam si aer non tangat moveatque aquam,<br />

emoritur ista; vivifica autem magis comperitur non aliunde nisi aere in<br />

eam intermixto. According to <strong>the</strong> Babylonian <strong>the</strong>ology, in <strong>the</strong><br />

beginning <strong>the</strong>re was <strong>the</strong> Darkness <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Abyss <strong>of</strong> Water from which

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