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Echinodermata—W. G. Lyons Macroinvertebrate Checklists Camp et al. 1998<br />
Genus Euapta Östergren, 1898<br />
Euapta lappa (Müller, 1850)<br />
Genus Leptosynapta Verrill, 1867<br />
Leptosynapta crassipatina H. L. Clark, 1924<br />
Leptosynapta multigranula H. L. Clark, 1924<br />
Leptosynapta parvipatina H. L. Clark, 1924<br />
Leptosynapta tenuis (Ayers, 1851)<br />
Genus Protankyra Östergren, 1898<br />
ALEXANDER, S., and K. HABURAY. 1977. First record<br />
of Ophiophragmus moorei (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea)<br />
in Florida coastal waters. Florida Scientist 40(3): 254, 255.<br />
ARONSON, R. B. 1988. Palatability of five Caribbean<br />
ophiuroids. Bulletin of Marine Science 43(1): 93–97.<br />
ARONSON, R. B. 1993. Hurricane effects on backreef<br />
echinoderms of the Caribbean. Coral Reefs 12: 139–142.<br />
BAK, R. P. M., M. J. E. CARPAY, and E. D. DE RUYTER<br />
VAN STEVENINCK. 1984. Densities of the sea urchin<br />
Diadema antillarum before and after mass mortalities<br />
on the coral reefs of Curaçao. Marine Ecology Progress<br />
Series 17: 105–108.<br />
BAUER, J. C. 1982. On the growth of a laboratoryreared<br />
sea urchin, Diadema antillarum (Echiondermata:<br />
Echinoidea). Bulletin of Marine Science 32(2): 643–645.<br />
BAUER, J. C., and C. J. AGERTER. 1987. Isolation of bacteria<br />
pathogenic to the sea urchin Diadema antillarum<br />
(Echinodermata: Echinoidea). Bulletin of Marine Science<br />
40(1): 161–165.<br />
BELL, B. M., and R. W. FREY. 1969. Observations on<br />
ecology and the feeding and burrowing mechanisms<br />
of Mellita quinquiesperforata (Leske). Journal of Paleontology<br />
43: 553–560.<br />
BIRKELAND, C. 1989.The influence of echinoderms on<br />
coral-reef communities. Pp. 1–79 in M. Jangoux and J.<br />
M. Lawrence, eds. Echinoderm Studies, vol. 3. Balkema,<br />
Rotterdam.<br />
BURKE, T. E. 1974. Echinoderms. Pp. 311–331 in T. J.<br />
Bright and L. H. Pequegnat, eds. Biota of the West<br />
Flower Garden Banks. Gulf Publishing Co., Houston.<br />
CAMP, D. K., S. P. COBB, and J. F.VAN BREEDVELD.<br />
References<br />
Protankyra ramiurna Heding, 1928<br />
Genus Synaptula Örsted, 1851<br />
Synaptula hydriformis (Lesueur, 1824)<br />
Family Chiridotidae Östergren, 1898<br />
Genus Chiridota Eschscholtz, 1829<br />
Chiridota rotifera (Pourtalès, 1851)<br />
1973. Overgrazing of seagrasses by a regular urchin,<br />
Lytechinus variegatus. BioScience 23: 37, 38.<br />
CAMPBELL, D. B., and R. L.TURNER. 1979. Comparative<br />
skeletal and ossicle morphology of sibling species<br />
of Echinaster (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) from the<br />
west coast of Florida. American Zoologist 19: 1009.<br />
CAMPBELL, D. B., and R. L.TURNER. 1984. Echinaster<br />
graminicola, a new species of spinulosid sea star (Echinodermata:<br />
Asteroidea) from the west coast of Florida.<br />
Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington<br />
97(1): 167–178.<br />
CARPENTER, R. C. 1981. Grazing by Diadema antillarum<br />
(Philippi) and its effects on the benthic algal<br />
community. Journal of Marine Research 39: 749–765.<br />
CARPENTER, R. C. 1984. Predator and population density<br />
control of homing behavior in the Caribbean echinoid<br />
Diadema antillarum. Marine Biology (Berlin) 82:<br />
101–108.<br />
CARPENTER, R. C. 1986. Partitioning herbivory and its<br />
effects on coral reef algal communities. Ecological<br />
Monographs 56: 345–363.<br />
CARPENTER, R. C. 1988. Mass-mortality of a Caribbean<br />
sea urchin: Immediate effects on community metabolism<br />
and other herbivores. Proceedings of the National<br />
Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 85: 511–514.<br />
CARPENTER, R. C. 1990. Mass mortality of Diadema antillarum.<br />
Marine Biology (Berlin) 104: 67–77.<br />
CHESHER, R. H. 1963. The morphology and function<br />
of the frontal ambulacrum of Moira atropos (Echinoidea:<br />
Spatangoida). Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf<br />
and Caribbean 13(4): 549–573.<br />
196 FMRI Technical Report TR-3