The Arcades Project - Operi
The Arcades Project - Operi The Arcades Project - Operi
political convictions it expressed .... Under the new arrangements, a journal had to live by advertisements, ... and in order to have lots of advertisements, the fourth page, which had become a publicity display, had to pass before the eyes of a great many subscribers. In order to have lots of subscribers, some bait had to be found that would speak to all opinions at the same time, and that would substi tute, for political interest, an item of general interest . ... Tbis is how, by starting from the forty-franc newspaper and proceeding on to the advertisement, we arrive, almost inevitably, at the serial novel." Alfred Nettement, Hislaire de la litteralurejran,aise saus Ie Gauvernemenl de Ju illet (paris, 1859), vol. 1, pp. 301- 302. [d9a,1] Sometimes, in publishing a novel in serial form, one would leave out part of the work in order to get the newspaper-reading public to buy the book. [d9a,2] In the editor's preface to ]ournet's Paesies el chanls harmaniens, Uncle TOm J Cabin, by Harriet Beecher Stowe, is quite appropriately placed on an equal footing with Les Mysteres de Paris and Les Miserables. [d9a,3] "'From time to time, one could read, III Le Journa.l des debuts, articles by M. Michel Chevalier or M. Philarete Chasles, . .. articles of a socially progressive tendency . ... The progressive articles in the Debats were customarily published during the fortnight preceding subscription renewals, which occurred every four months. On the eve of large renewals, Le Journal des debuts could be found flirting with radicalism. This helps to explain how Le Journal des debats could undertake the hold publication of Les Mysteres de Paris . .. -but this time, that imprudent newspaper had gone further than it realized. As a consequence, many wealthy bankers withdrew their support for the Debats . . . in order to found a new paper, ... Ie Globe. This worthy predecessor of L 'Epoque . . . was aimed at doing justice to the incendiary theories of M. Eugene Sue and of La Denwcratie pacifique." A. Toussenel, Les Jufs, rois de l'epoque, ed. Gonet (Paris « 1886» , vol. 2, pp. 23-24. [d9a,4] The boheme. "With Un Prince de la boheme (1840), Balzac wanted to portray a . . . characteristic of this nascent boheme. The amorous preoccupations . . . of Rusticoli de la Paiferine are only a Balzacian expansion upon the triumphs of Marcel and Rodolphe, 15 which would soon follow . ... This novel contains a grandiloquent definition of hohemianism, . . . the first . . . : The boheme-what should he called the doctrine of the Boulevard des ltaliens-consists of young people, . . . all men of genius in their way ? men as yet little known? but soon to become known . ... Here one meets writers, administrators, soldiers? journalists, artists! If the emperor of Russia purchased this bohemia for twenty million francs, . .. and if it were subsequently deported to Odessa, then in a year Odessa would be Paris.' . . . During this same period, George Sand . . . and Alphonse Karr . .. initiated bohemian circles . ... But these were imaginary bohemias; and that of Balzac was entirely fantastic. The hohemianism of Theophile Gautier, on
the other hand, and that of Murger, have been talked about so much . . . that today we can get an idea of what they were. To tell the truth, Gautier and his friends . . . did not realize right away, in 1833, that they were bohemians; they were content with calling themselves Jeune France' . ... Their poverty was merely relative . ... This hohcmianism . .. was the boheme galante; it could just as well be called gilded bohemianism, the boheme doree . ... Ten or fifteen years later, around 1843, there was a new bohemia . .. , the true boheme. Theophile Gautier, Gerard de Nerval, Arsene Houssaye were then approaching forty; Murger and his friends were not yet twenty-five. This time, it was a genuine intellectual proletariat. Murger was the son of a concierge tailor; ChampHeury's father was a secretary at the town hall in Laon; . .. Delvau's father was a tanner in the Faubourg Saint-Marcel; Com'bees family were quasi-peasants . . . . Champ Heury and Chintreuil wrapped packages in a bookstore; Bonvin was a workingclass typographer." Pierre Martino, Le Roman realiste saus le Second Empire (Paris, 1913), PI'. 6-9. [dIO,I] In the early 1840s, there was a (opying process known as evidently based on lithography. the Rageneau press, [dIO,2] Firmin Maillard, La Cite des intellectlte,,; (Paris
- Page 727 and 728: incendiary deeds, spoke already of
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political convictions it expressed .... Under the new arrangements, a journal had<br />
to live by advertisements, ... and in order to have lots of advertisements, the<br />
fourth page, which had become a publicity display, had to pass before the eyes of<br />
a great many subscribers. In order to have lots of subscribers, some bait had to be<br />
found that would speak to all opinions at the same time, and that would substi<br />
tute, for political interest, an item of general interest . ... Tbis is how, by starting<br />
from the forty-franc newspaper and proceeding on to the advertisement, we<br />
arrive, almost inevitably, at the serial novel." Alfred Nettement, Hislaire de la<br />
litteralurejran,aise saus Ie Gauvernemenl de Ju illet (paris, 1859), vol. 1, pp. 301-<br />
302. [d9a,1]<br />
Sometimes, in publishing a novel in serial form, one would leave out part of the<br />
work in order to get the newspaper-reading public to buy the book. [d9a,2]<br />
In the editor's preface to ]ournet's Paesies el chanls harmaniens, Uncle TOm J Cabin,<br />
by Harriet Beecher Stowe, is quite appropriately placed on an equal footing with<br />
Les Mysteres de Paris and Les Miserables. [d9a,3]<br />
"'From time to time, one could read, III Le Journa.l des debuts, articles by<br />
M. Michel Chevalier or M. Philarete Chasles, . .. articles of a socially progressive<br />
tendency . ... <strong>The</strong> progressive articles in the Debats were customarily published<br />
during the fortnight preceding subscription renewals, which occurred every four<br />
months. On the eve of large renewals, Le Journal des debuts could be found<br />
flirting with radicalism. This helps to explain how Le Journal des debats could<br />
undertake the hold publication of Les Mysteres de Paris . .. -but this time, that<br />
imprudent newspaper had gone further than it realized. As a consequence, many<br />
wealthy bankers withdrew their support for the Debats . . . in order to found a<br />
new paper, ... Ie Globe. This worthy predecessor of L 'Epoque . . . was aimed at<br />
doing justice to the incendiary theories of M. Eugene Sue and of La Denwcratie<br />
pacifique." A. Toussenel, Les Jufs, rois de l'epoque, ed. Gonet (Paris « 1886» ,<br />
vol. 2, pp. 23-24. [d9a,4]<br />
<strong>The</strong> boheme. "With Un Prince de la boheme (1840), Balzac wanted to portray a<br />
. . . characteristic of this nascent boheme. <strong>The</strong> amorous preoccupations . . . of<br />
Rusticoli de la Paiferine are only a Balzacian expansion upon the triumphs of<br />
Marcel and Rodolphe, 15 which would soon follow . ... This novel contains a grandiloquent<br />
definition of hohemianism, . . . the first . . . : <strong>The</strong> boheme-what<br />
should he called the doctrine of the Boulevard des ltaliens-consists of young<br />
people, . . . all men of genius in their way ? men as yet little known? but soon to<br />
become known . ... Here one meets writers, administrators, soldiers? journalists,<br />
artists! If the emperor of Russia purchased this bohemia for twenty million<br />
francs, . .. and if it were subsequently deported to Odessa, then in a year Odessa<br />
would be Paris.' . . . During this same period, George Sand . . . and Alphonse<br />
Karr . .. initiated bohemian circles . ... But these were imaginary bohemias; and<br />
that of Balzac was entirely fantastic. <strong>The</strong> hohemianism of <strong>The</strong>ophile Gautier, on