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The Arcades Project - Operi

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Villiers de l'Isle-Adarn, Auguste (1838-1889). Poet, dramatist, and short-story writer;<br />

reputed originator of the Symbolist school. Author of Premieres Poc,ies (1856-1858),<br />

Contes cruel, (1883), Axel (1890).<br />

Vionet-Ie-Duc, Eugene (1814-1879). Architect; a leader of dle Gothic revival in France.<br />

Designed the restoration of medieval buildings, including the cathedral of Notre-Dame<br />

in Paris,<br />

Vireloque, Thomas. Character created by the illustrator Paul Gavarni.<br />

Virginie. Character in Jacques Bernardin de Saint-Pierre's romance Paul et Vi1ginie<br />

(1788) .<br />

Vischer, Friedrich <strong>The</strong>odor (1807-1887). Gennan poet and aesthetician of the Hegelian<br />

school. Author of Kritische Gling' (1844; 1860), Asthetik (1846-1857), and a parody of<br />

Goethe, Fallst, Part III.<br />

Volney, Constantin-Franois (1757-1820). French scholar. Member of the States­<br />

General (1789)_ Author of Voyage en Egypt et en Sy rie (1787), Ruines, all Meditation sllr les<br />

revolutions des empires (1791), La I.oi naturelle (1793).<br />

WaUon, Jean (1821-1882). Philosopher and friend of Baudelaire. 1l-anslated Hegel's<br />

Logik. Appears as CoUine, a principal character in Henri Murger's Scenes de fa vie de<br />

Bolteme.<br />

Walpole, Hugh (1884-1941). Prolific English novelist. Bam in New Zealand, he served<br />

with the Russian Red Cross during World War l. His book Tlze Fortress was published<br />

in 1932.<br />

Watripon, Antonio (1822-1864)_Joumalist and critic. Friend of Baudelaire.<br />

Werther. Sickly young German student, hero of Goethe's novel Die Leiden des jungal<br />

Werthers (1774).<br />

Wheatstone, Charles (1802-1875). English physicist and inventor. Conducted experi­<br />

ments in electricity, light, and sound. Tbe stereoscope, his invention for observing<br />

pictures in three dimensions, is still used in viewing X-rays and aerial photographs.<br />

Wlertz, Antoine:Joseph (1806-1865). Belgian painter of colossal historical scenes. Lam­<br />

pooned by Baudelaire.<br />

Wiesengrund. <strong>The</strong>odor VViesengnmd Adorno,<br />

Wolfskehl, Karl (1869-1948). Germaujewish philosopher and poet. A friend of Stefan<br />

George and Ludwig Klages, as well as of Belamin, who vvrote about him, Fled Ger­<br />

many in 1933.<br />

Worth, Charles (1825-1895). Anglo-French couturier, patronized by Empress Eugenie.<br />

Arbiter of Paris fashions for thll'ty years.<br />

Wronski, Jozef (1778-1853). Polish mathematician and philosopher. Author of Messianism:<br />

Final Union of PililoJoplry and Religion (1831-1839).<br />

Wu hlgarten. An institute for epileptics in Berlin.<br />

Young Germany. Literary movement arising after the death of Goethe (1832), and<br />

asserting the claims of the younger generation against the complacency of the elder.<br />

Young Hegelians. Liberal movement arising after the death of Hegel (1831), and contesting<br />

dualism in church and state. Attacked by Marx and Engels in Die deutsche Ideologie.<br />

Yverdon. See Pestalozzi,Johann Heinrich.<br />

Yvon, Adolphe (1817-1893). French painter of historical scenes aud portraits.<br />

Z Marcas. Novel of 1840, fo ningpart of Balzac's Scenes de la vie politique.<br />

Zeiter, Karl Friedrich (1758-1832). German composer; set poelDB by Goethe and<br />

Schiller to music. His correspondence with Goedle ran to six volumes.

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