The Arcades Project - Operi

er of Deputies from 1841. A leader in the 1848 revolution, and minister of the
interior in the Provisional Government. Instnlmental in bringing universal suffrage to
France.
Lefeuve, Charles (1818-1882). Writer and publicist, known for his archaeological and
historical study Les Anciennes Maisom des rues de Pan>; (1857-1864).
Legitimists. Supporters of the Bourbon monarchy that was in power in France up to the
Revolution of 1789 and during the Restoration (1815-1830). Also knovvn as "ultras,"
they represented the interests of big landowners.
Lemaltre,]ules (1853-1914). Writer and literary critic; enemy of critical dogmas. On the
staff of Le Journal des drfbats and La Revue des deux tllondes.
Lernercier, Louis ]ean Nepomucene (1771-1840). PlaywTight and poet. Upholder of
classical tragedy against Romanticism, and originator of French historical comedy.
Lemonnier, Camille (1844-1913). Belgian novelist and art critic.
Lenin, Nikolai (1870-1924). Russian Comrnunist leader. Became premier in 1918 and
introduced far-reaching socialistic reforms, later modified by the New Economic Policy
(1921).
Leopardi, Giacomo (1798-1837). Renowned Italian poet and scholar. Author of pessi­
mistic and satirical lyrics and several works of philology.
Le Play, Frederic (1806-1882). Engineer and economist. As senator (1867-1870), he
represented a paten1alistic "social Catholicism:' Author of Les Ouvriers europeens
(1885).
Leroux, Gaston (1868-1927). French joumalist and author of detective and mystery
stories.
Leroux, Pierre (1797-1871). Saint-Simonian philosopher, economist, reformer; editor of
Le Globe from 1824. In exile 1851-1859. Author of De I'HulIlanite (1840), De l'Eguliti
(1848).
Les Fratlfllis peints par eux-mhnes. A celebrated and much imitated collection of essays
and dravvings that began publication in 1840. Grandville contributed several items.
Lesage, Alain (1668-1747). French novelist and playwright. Author of the picaresque
masterpiece L'Histoire de Gil Bias de Santillane (1715-1735).
Lesseps, Ferdinand (1805-1894). French diplomat; minister of France in Madrid (1848-
1849). Helped fonn the company that constructed the Suez Canal (1859-1869), and
served as president of the company that began construction of the Panama Canal
(1881-1888).
Le Vavasseur, Gustave (1819-1896). Writer, and good friend of Baudelaire.
Levy, Michel (1821-1875). Founder of one of the largest publisillng houses in nineteenth­
century France. Published Baudelaire's translations of Poe and, after the poet's death,
his Oeuvres completes.
Le Liberateur. Newspaper founded by Louis-Auguste Blanqui in 1834 and dedicated to
exploited workers." Published one issue only.
Lion, Margo (1889-1989). Popular Berlin cabaret artist of tile 1920s. Played the part of
PirateJel1l1Y in the French production of Brecht's Threepenny OjJem in 1931.
Liselo!!e. Nickname of Charlotte Elisabeth of Bavaria (1652-1722), duchess of Orleans,
and sister-in-law of Louis XIV Her Letters provide much intimate information about
his court.
Lissagaray, Prosper (1838-1901). Journalist and historian. After participating in the
Paris COlllillUne, he emigTated to England.
Le Livre des cent-et-un. Periodical published in Paris 1831-1834. Contained essays and
poems, many focused on life in Paris, by some of the most famous 'writers of the day.