The Arcades Project - Operi

"workshop" and "graverll or 'burin" (the tool used by a cobbler to engrave on
leather). In an engraving that accompanies the poem, Lapointe is shown working
leather in his shop and, in a caption, lauding Sue as "an eminent surgeon wielding the
scalpel" that will remove France's social ills-"scalpel" deriving from the Salne Latin
root as ec!wppe. The work is thus a poem in praise of Sue's scalpel from the idlOppe of
Lapointe in both senses.
10. Part 5 ('jean Valjean"), book 3.
11. Grandet the miser, Nucingen the German bankel; and Bridau the amorous artist
figure mainly in the novels Eugenie Grandet, Splendeurs et miseres des courtisanes, alld
Illusions j)erdues, respectively. Balzac's Albert Savanls (1842) is about a man who
labors for years to many an Italian duchess.
12. Victor Hugo, Les Mls/rables, trans. Charles E. WI lbour (1862; rpt. New Yo rk: Mod­
em Library, 1992), p. 864.
13. Honore de Balzac, The Countf)1 Doctor, trans, G, Burnham Ives (philadelphia: George
Barrie, 1898), p. 202_
14. Honore de Balzac, The Peasantr)" trans. Ellen Marriage and Clara Bell (New York:
A. 1.. Burt, 1899), p. 113.
15. Characters in Henri Murger's Scenes de la vie boheme. Mal'cel is a painter and Rodol­
phe a journalist, poet, and playwright.
16. Characters, respectively, in Hugo's plays Ru)' BIas and Marion de Lorme, and in his
novels Le Roi s'amuse, Notre-Dame de Paris, and Les Miserables.
17, Honore de Balzac, Cousin Pam, trans. Herbert]. Hunt (London: Penguin, 1968),
pp. 132-133.
18. G. K. Chesterton, Charles Dickens (1906; rpt. New York: Schocken, 1965), p 247.
19. Ibid., pp. 106, 237.
20, Siegfried Kracauer, Orpheus in Paris: Ojfinbach and the Paris ?! His Time, trans.
Gwenda David and Eric Mosbacher (New York: Knopf, 1938), p. 188.
21. Paul Valery, «The Place of Baudelaire," in Valery, Leonardo) Poe, Mallarme, trans.
Malcolm Cowley andJarnes R. Lawler (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1972),
p. 199.
22, Les Memoires du diable al1d La Closerie des Genets are serial novels by Frederic Soulie.
Ou menent les mauvais clumlins and La Derniere Incarnation de Vtwtrin al"e titles of
sections in Balzac's Splendeurs et miseres des courtisanes.
23. Baudelaire as a Literal} en'tic) pp, 257 ) 256-257. Borel was "the leader of a group of
stormy young Romantic writers called bousing-os, presumably because of the wide­
brinuued sailor-like hat which they affected" (Hyslops' introduction, p. 256).
24, Charles Baudelaire, uThe Painter qf Modern Life" and Other Essays, trans. Jonathan
Mayne (1964; rpt. New York: Da Capo, 1986), p. 119.
25. Charles Baudelaire, The Prose Poems and "La Farifarlo," trans. Rosemary Lloyd (New
Yo rk: Oxford University Press, 1991), p. 106.
26. Chesterton ) Charles Dickens, p. 232.
27. "I ask myself-What are they seeking in the heavens, all tl10se blind men?" In
Baudelaire, The Complete Verse, trans. Francis Scm-fe (London: Anvil, 1986), p. 185
("Blind Men;' 1860). "nle poem cited, "Ce que dit la Bouche d)ombre)) (What the
Mouth of Dm-kness Says), is from Hugo's volume Les Can/emiJlalians (1856). [R.T]
28. TIns passage does not appear in Karl Marx, Capital) vol. 1, trans, Smilnel Moore al1d
Edward Aveling (1887; rpt. New York: International Publishers, 1967). It can be
found in the second German edition of Kapital (1872), in a note at the end of the first
paragraph of the fallloUS section on conunodity fetishism (part 1, chapter 1, sec­
tion 4).