The Crusades, the Genoese and the Latin East - DSpace at ...
The Crusades, the Genoese and the Latin East - DSpace at ... The Crusades, the Genoese and the Latin East - DSpace at ...
The Merchant of Genoa: The Crusades, the Genoese and the Latin East, 1187 -1220s The Merchant of Genoa is a study of the Genoese engagement in the affairs of the eastern Mediterranean during the late Middle Ages. In particular, the dissertation examines Genoa's involvement in three crusades following the fall of the first kingdom of Jerusalem as well as the role played by Genoese in commerce and in the re-establishment of the Latin society in the crusader states. The research focuses on the people of Genoa, merchants and travellers who explored the Mediterranean Sea, crusaders and the Genoese who settled in the crusader states, far away from Genoa. What these people had in common, apart from being Genoese, is that they left records of their activities in the form of notarial documents. This is probably the earliest time in the history of Europe in which such documents were not only recorded but also preserved for posterity. The existence of this collection of documents from the time of the crusades, many of which are as yet unpublished, is therefore an opportunity for a fresh examination of the events from the perspective of individual merchants and exploring the economic interests of the commune. This dissertation addresses questions about the connection between crusade and commerce. What motivated the Genoese to help the crusaders in 1187-1192? Why did they not provide ships for the participants of the Fourth Crusade? How did the crusade affect Genoa's web of commerce? Special attention is given to individual and families of Genoese who settled in the Latin East. The case of the aristocratic Genoese family of the Embriaco is particularly interesting because of that family's integration into the aristocracy in the kingdom of Jerusalem. Issues concerning the loyalties and identities of Genoese settlers in the crusader states are addressed and examined in parallel with the examination of the activities of other Genoese, merchants and travellers, who were involved in commerce in Muslim centres in the same period.
I 2 3 4 5 Contents: Abbreviations List of maps and figures Tables Acknowledgments Introduction The cartularies Methodology Genoa and the Third Crusade 1187 The - response in Genoa to the fall of Jerusalem Merchants organising the crusade - the shipping contract Commercial aspects of the crusade Genoa as a crossroads Lessons of the Third Crusade The economic value of religious sentiment The impact of a crusade: the reaction in Genoa to the Fourth Crusade Sicily and Guglielmo Embriaco maior The preparations for the Fourth Crusade The road to Aleppo Piracy in the Mediterranean Genoa and the Fourth Crusade An unprovoked crusade? Christian captives and the reasons for the crusade Pope Innocent III and the maritime communities Commerce and commercial relations with Alexandria `Cives michi equos abstulerunt, et ego uxores eorum crucesignavi, ' James of Vitry in Genoa Genoa and the Fifth Crusade Embriaco or de Biblio, what's in a name? Gibelet and the Embriaco family in historiography Genoa and Gibelet, a background Acre and Gibelet Hugh de Biblio Genoa's claims of 1186 The Embriaci and Acre The Genoese communities in the kingdom of Jerusalem Sources and scholarship The reestablishment of the Genoese commune and the foundation of the Syrian consulate, 11 1195 The Genoese inhabitants of the kingdom of Jerusalem after 1187 The Genoese financial and property reports from the Latin East Conclusions 2 4 5 6 7 8 10 13 18 20 27 , 30 38 43 46 48 48 56 64 74 80 82 84 92 96 106 109 110 112 115 117 124 132 136 144 146 87- 149 159 166 170
- Page 1: PtiD . ascýo The Merchant of Genoa
- Page 5 and 6: Abbreviations Ann. Ian. Caffaro, An
- Page 7 and 8: Tables Table 1: Genoese ships and t
- Page 9 and 10: Introduction: The merchant of Genoa
- Page 11 and 12: Benjamin Kedar, Marie-Luise Favreau
- Page 13 and 14: notary Lanfranco from the first eig
- Page 15 and 16: money or merchandise! These tables
- Page 17 and 18: they used was dated and therefore m
- Page 19 and 20: Genoa and the Third Crusade This ch
- Page 21 and 22: example, that shipowners and sailor
- Page 23 and 24: annals from that period, written by
- Page 25 and 26: The first wave of Genoese crusaders
- Page 27 and 28: East, especially under Conrad of Mo
- Page 29 and 30: crusade. Two of them, Maurino and S
- Page 31 and 32: Provisions (vianda) for each person
- Page 33 and 34: the travelling contracts of the tim
- Page 35 and 36: following year supply some leads to
- Page 37 and 38: For example, the years 1190 to 1192
- Page 39 and 40: they were promised part of the paym
- Page 41 and 42: wine exported to Bougie and sold fo
- Page 43 and 44: allowed to carry this money with hi
- Page 45 and 46: transition marked by the Third Crus
- Page 47 and 48: Fourth Crusade, there was an increa
- Page 49 and 50: 2 The impact of a crusade: the reac
- Page 51 and 52: enewal and extension of Barbarossa'
<strong>The</strong> Merchant of Genoa:<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>Crusades</strong>,<br />
<strong>the</strong> <strong>Genoese</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>L<strong>at</strong>in</strong> <strong>East</strong>, 1187 -1220s<br />
<strong>The</strong> Merchant of Genoa is a study of <strong>the</strong> <strong>Genoese</strong> engagement in <strong>the</strong> affairs of <strong>the</strong> eastern<br />
Mediterranean during <strong>the</strong> l<strong>at</strong>e Middle Ages. In particular, <strong>the</strong> dissert<strong>at</strong>ion examines<br />
Genoa's involvement in three crusades following <strong>the</strong> fall of <strong>the</strong> first kingdom of<br />
Jerusalem as well as <strong>the</strong> role played by <strong>Genoese</strong> in commerce <strong>and</strong> in <strong>the</strong> re-establishment<br />
of <strong>the</strong> <strong>L<strong>at</strong>in</strong> society in <strong>the</strong> crusader st<strong>at</strong>es. <strong>The</strong> research focuses on <strong>the</strong> people of Genoa,<br />
merchants <strong>and</strong> travellers who explored <strong>the</strong> Mediterranean Sea, crusaders <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>Genoese</strong> who settled in <strong>the</strong> crusader st<strong>at</strong>es, far away from Genoa. Wh<strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong>se people<br />
had in common, apart from being <strong>Genoese</strong>, is th<strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong>y left records of <strong>the</strong>ir activities<br />
in <strong>the</strong> form of notarial documents. This is probably <strong>the</strong> earliest time in <strong>the</strong> history of<br />
Europe in which such documents were not only recorded but also preserved for<br />
posterity. <strong>The</strong> existence of this collection of documents from <strong>the</strong> time of <strong>the</strong> crusades,<br />
many of which are as yet unpublished, is <strong>the</strong>refore an opportunity for a fresh<br />
examin<strong>at</strong>ion of <strong>the</strong> events from <strong>the</strong> perspective of individual merchants <strong>and</strong> exploring<br />
<strong>the</strong> economic interests of <strong>the</strong> commune.<br />
This dissert<strong>at</strong>ion addresses questions about <strong>the</strong> connection between crusade <strong>and</strong><br />
commerce. Wh<strong>at</strong> motiv<strong>at</strong>ed <strong>the</strong> <strong>Genoese</strong> to help <strong>the</strong> crusaders in 1187-1192? Why did<br />
<strong>the</strong>y not provide ships for <strong>the</strong> participants of <strong>the</strong> Fourth Crusade? How did <strong>the</strong> crusade<br />
affect Genoa's web of commerce? Special <strong>at</strong>tention is given to individual <strong>and</strong> families of<br />
<strong>Genoese</strong> who settled in <strong>the</strong> <strong>L<strong>at</strong>in</strong> <strong>East</strong>. <strong>The</strong> case of <strong>the</strong> aristocr<strong>at</strong>ic <strong>Genoese</strong> family of <strong>the</strong><br />
Embriaco is particularly interesting because of th<strong>at</strong> family's integr<strong>at</strong>ion into <strong>the</strong><br />
aristocracy in <strong>the</strong> kingdom of Jerusalem. Issues concerning <strong>the</strong> loyalties <strong>and</strong> identities of<br />
<strong>Genoese</strong> settlers in <strong>the</strong> crusader st<strong>at</strong>es are addressed <strong>and</strong> examined in parallel with <strong>the</strong><br />
examin<strong>at</strong>ion of <strong>the</strong> activities of o<strong>the</strong>r <strong>Genoese</strong>, merchants <strong>and</strong> travellers, who were<br />
involved in commerce in Muslim centres in <strong>the</strong> same period.