The Crusades, the Genoese and the Latin East - DSpace at ...

Table 6: Witnesses to the charters granted to the Genoese 1187 -1195
Year 1187 1189 1190 1191 1192 1195
Date July? April 11/04 14/04 04/05 26/10 April After May
Septemb
Granted Barons of Bohemon Conrad 1, Joscius in Guy 1 Guy 2, in Conrad 2, Henry I. Henry 2,
by / in: the d 111, in in Tyre Tyre outside Jaffa in "Tyre in Acre in Acre
kingdom Tyre Acre
Recipien
Tyre not
is
specified
Total
Guido Spinola
Marino filio
er
Guglielm
Nicola
('artofigo Admiral
o Rieio and tJgo Gallbrio
Rodoam de
Platealonga Lercario
Number 7 5
of 3 6 10 6 9 8 4
witnesse
s
From
Genoa
0 0 7 6 0 0 5 0
Nobles 5 +3
3
knights of 4 S"
from the
Latin
East
2 6 7 7
St John5S6
Identity
not clear
3 10 p
In some of the charters' witness lists there is a repetition of names of witnesses. These are
mainly in names of nobles from the Latin East who witnessed the acts on the benefactors' side.
Such repetitions are not surprising because the kings or lords who granted the concessions had
their personal advisors around them to consult with and to have them witness their acts. Hugh of
Tiberias, for example, appears as witness in three of these concessions: twice on Guy's charters
and in the first charter by Henry of Champagne. Leading nobles in the Latin East often fulfilled
their feudal duty in advising their lords and acting as witnesses to the acts. On the other hand, the
lists of Genoese witnesses do not contain many repetitions. This might encourage one to conclude
that the witnesses were crusaders or merchants who came from Genoa and acted during their
short sojourns in the kingdom of Jerusalem. Was that the case? Were all the people involved in
the reestablishment of the Genoese community in the kingdom of Jerusalem passers by,
crusaders, pilgrims or merchants who returned to Genoa shortly afterwards?
Evidence from the year 1187 shows that Genoese were encouraged by Conrad of
Montferrat to move into the kingdom that lost so many of its nobles only shortly beforehand. For
example, two of the witnesses in Conrad's charter were the brothers Ansaldo and Baldovino
556 The three knights were Milo Brebanz (Miles Brabant), Antelmus de Luca and Bernardus de Templo.
They are mentioned in the Order's documents. See Delaville, vol. 1, pp. 603,446,617
557 The names of Terricus de Orca (Thierry d'Orgue) and Terricus de Tenero Monte (Thierry de
Tenremonde) can be found in other witness lists that include names of nobles from the Latin East. See
Delaville, vol. 1, pp. 617,603,650. It seems that the last name in this list of lohannes de Guelinie should be
regarded as part of the same group.
161