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sufficient unto you is a loss! When you were thirsty for pure water, you made the dog take part in<br />

licking the rim. You want to break the non‐Arabs through an oration, and the hunting of a mouse<br />

makes you forget noble deeds. You wear old clothes and graze the sheep in the desert.[1]<br />

The movement of al‐ shi‘ubiya reached zenith during the days of al‐Mehdi and of Harun. That was<br />

because of the influence and control of the Beramika over the government.<br />

Anyway, this inclination created an enmity among the Muslims and divided their ranks. The Arab<br />

and non‐Arab poets and writers satirized and cursed each other. Al‐Khuzaymi says:<br />

O Abu al‐Seghd, when a camel lends me its glory, then that is a harm. And of my neighbor’s<br />

morals is ignorance. O Camel, if you show vainglory or adorn yourself, then the religion and<br />

reason is far above pride. I think that people are equal in life; and I think that no grave has<br />

exaltedness and excellence over another. That Yehabir did not bear me, Jerm and ‘Aqel did not<br />

include me did not harm me. If you do not protect the old with a new glory, then that which was<br />

before does not avail you.[2] Indeed talking about al‐ shi‘ubiya is painful. For this quality and other<br />

corrupt qualities lead to the division of the Muslim, the split of their unity, the spread of enmity<br />

and hatred among them.<br />

[1] Ahmed Hasanayn, Bashshar b. Burd Shi'rahu wa Akhbarahu, p. 56.<br />

[2] Duha al‐Islam, vol. 1, p. 66.<br />

The Attitude of Islam toward it<br />

The attitude of Islam is distinguished by strictness toward all corrupt qualities that split the unity<br />

of the Muslims and spread disagreement among them. Since the appearance of its light, Islam has<br />

declared that the Muslims are one hand, the link of the religion is stronger than that of lineage.<br />

The Prophet, may Allah bless him and his family, condemned all racial, fanatical instincts. A<br />

hypocrite sneered at the adhan of Bilal, for he was unable to pronounce the letter sheen, and he<br />

pronounced it seen. He would say: Ashed anna la ilaha illa Allah. Bilal wen to Allah’s Apostle, may<br />

Allah bless him and his family, and told him about the sneering of the people at him. Allah’s<br />

Apostle, may Allah bless him and his family, became displeased and said:<br />

“Indeed the seen of Bilal is sheen with Allah.”<br />

Condemning the hypocrites, he, may Allah bless him and his family, said: “Indeed the seen of Bilal<br />

is better than your sheen.” While the Prophet, may Allah bless him and his family, was sitting with<br />

Selman al‐Farisi, Bilal al‐Hebeshi, Suhayb al‐Rumi, and other weak believers, al‐Eqre‘ b. Habis al‐<br />

Temimi, ‘Uyayna b. Husayn al‐Ferazi, and other Arab chiefs came and said to him:<br />

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