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administrative powers. He was also entrusted with the fates of the state. Accordingly, he neither
consulted nor resorted to anyone in respect with his work. Al‐Rashid depended on him when he
was in the prime of youth, and he supported him, freed him from need to watchfulness, and
mental troubles. He devoted himself to life pleasures such as music, singing, and jokes in the
gatherings of the witty.
As for Yehya, he purified the organs of government from the hostile elements or those friends of
the past reign. He also took care of developing and constructing the country. He spent part of the
budget on land reform, constructing bridges, industries, and other constructional projects that
widened the civilization in Baghdad, to the extent that the world bloomed and fascinated the
people. Fascinating gardens and charming flowers such as jasmine and pomegranate blossom
spread in Baghdad. The luxurious palaces of the ‘Abbasids and of the Beramika also spread in it.
The Palace of Immortality and other than it from among Harun’s palaces towered over it. ‘Ali b. al‐
Jahm has described one of them in a wonderful poem, saying:
Many a dome of a king as if that the stars reveal their secrets to it.
The delegations fall down in prostration when it manifests to their eyes.
Many a fountain whose flow is (high) in the sky, and it does not fall short of its flowing.
It sends back to the rain clouds what they send down to the earth from the direction of their
copious shower.
When its fire is kindled in Iraq, the brilliance of its light illuminates al‐Hijaz.
It has balconies as if that spring had clothed them in gardens through their light.[3]
That civilization progress depended on al‐Beramika, for it was they who placed the life of luxury
and lavishness in Baghdad, developed the mental and constructional
[1] Ibid., p. 903.
[2] Abu al‐Farajj al‐Asfahani, al‐Aghani, vol.5, p. 240.
[3] Ibid., vol. 9, p. 114.
life in it.
The most important thing is that many historians gave Harun the nickname of the Caliph of the
Muslims and the Commander of the faithful. They described him as the greatest of all the caliphs
in taking care of the Islamic affairs. They said: “He put the precepts and laws of the Qur’an in
practice.” They also said that he renounced the world and turned away from the forbidden things.
Ibn Khaldun said: “He (Harun) avoided and refrained from the forbidden things. He enjoyed that
which was made lawful to him.”
Ibn Khilikan said: “Surely he (Harun) preformed a hundred rak‘as a day.”
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