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Abu Ja'far al‐Mansur went too far in shedding blood, to the extent that none can describe it. He
killed (people) for suspicion and accusation, turned away from all the people even his family when
he annihilated its members and cut off their heads; that is ascribed to his malice and recklessness.
He has been described by professor al‐Sayyid Meer, who has said: "Al‐Mansur was deceptive; he
did not hesitate at all in shedding blood; his severity is ascribed to his excessive malice, whereas
his successor did not kill anybody except after much reflection and scrutiny. Generally speaking,
Abu Ja'far was careless of his violence and reckless of his assassination; his treatment towards
'Ali's children is regarded as the worst page in the history of the 'Abbasids." Al‐Seyuti has said: "Al‐
Mansur was the first to find the gap of the difference between the 'Abbasids and the 'Alawids,
while they had been as one bloc."[2]
Ibn Hubayra,[3] one of al‐Mansur's contemporaries, has described him, saying: "I
[1] Abu al‐Farajj al‐Asfahani, al‐Aghani, vol. 10, p. 106.
[2] Mukhtasar Tarikh al‐'Arab, p. 184.
[3] Ibn Hubayra's name is 'Amr b. Sa'd b. 'Adi al‐Fazari. He was the governor over the Iraqis for six
years during the time of Yazid b. 'Abd al‐Malik. He was given the kunya of Abu al‐Muthanna.
have never seen a man in war or in peace more cunning, difficult, and watchful than al‐Mansur, to
the extent that he besieged me along with a group of Arab horsemen. We spared no effort to
attain something of his troops but we were unable because he firmly controlled his fighters and
was very alert."[1]
Through his violence and scheme he could established the 'Abbasid state and controlled fully all
the organs of government. The severest kind of oppression he practiced was that toward the
'Alawids. He treated them with violence and persecution none can describe; he wreaked his wrath
upon them and punished them severely; he paid not attention to his womb relations with them
and their kinship to the Messenger, may Allah bless him and his family. As for Imam Musa, peace
be on him, he witnessed all kinds of ordeals and exhaustion that befell his family; these practices
had great effect on his soul, which became a place of pain and sadness.
Imam Musa, peace be on, spent twenty years of his lifetime during the time of al‐Mansur. He
witnessed that abominable policy that carried the signs of death and annihilation to all the
subjects. It is necessary for us to talk about the aspects of his personality, his policy, and his
practices. That is because the research on such topics has a close relationship with the life of
Imam Musa, for it describes to us the time when he lived, the fatigue and tiredness from which
the Muslims suffered, and for that had and effect on his impressions. The following is a brief
account of al‐Mansur's personality:
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