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Merwan was sure of his inevitable fate; he wished that the conqueror would be Imam 'Ali, the
Commander of the faithful, that he might meet them with pardon, kindness, and forgiveness. Any
way, the man did not understand Merwan's statement and thought that he accused Imam 'Ali of
cowardice, so he opposed him, asking:
‐Why do you say that concerning 'Ali though he is brave?
‐Woe unto you! Although 'Ali was brave, he was religious! The religion is other than kingdom! We
narrate on the authority of our old people that 'Ali and his sons had nothing to do with
kingdom![1] The fire of the war broke out between the two parties. Immediately the armies of the
Umayyads were fully defeated. Merwan and some groups of his army escaped. They reached
Mousil, but its inhabitants prevented them from entering it out of fear of the vengeance of the
'Abbasid, victorious army. Then he headed for Harran but he was unable to stay in it. Accordingly,
he went to the city of Hams followed by the 'Abbasid armies. Then he entered Damascus, and its
governor wanted to help him, but he was unable to do that due to his short time. The enemy
followed him. For this reason he headed for Jordan and found it hoisting the 'Abbasid standards.
He left it and stopped in Palestine. He came to know that Damascus was overthrown at the hands
of the 'Abbasids, and he was full of terror. As a result he left his place in Palestine and headed for
Egypt. He stopped in a village called Boseer. He lived there in a church; nevertheless the armies of
Salih reached him in a dark night. A bloody fight took place between the two parties. Merwan was
killed during the fight. A Kufan cut off his head and took out his tongue, but a cat came and took it
from him![2]
With this fight the 'Abbasids put an end to the Umayyad government, which ruled
[1] Ibn Abi al‐Haddeed, Sharh Nahjj al‐Balagha, vol. 7, p. 134.
[2] Mukhtasar Akhbar al‐Khulafa'.
people with oppression and tyranny, caused mischief in the land, exploited the properties of
Allah, and enslaved his servants. Accordingly, Allah severely took vengeance on the Umayyads; He
made their kingdom come to nothing and their victory become alienation; He has written to them
disgrace and shame throughout times. Merwan's head was carried to Abu al‐'Abbas al‐Saffah.
When he saw it, he prostrated for a long time. Then he raised his head and said: "Praise belongs
to Allah, Who has not leave our vengeance toward you and toward your people! Praise belongs to
Allah, Who has granted us a victory over you and made us overcome you! I do not mind when
death strikes me, while I have killed a thousand Umayyads, and I have burnt Hisham's corpse for
the sake of my cousin Zayd whose corpse they had burnt. Then he recited the following:
If they drank my blood, they would not quench their thirst, nor the blood of them all would
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