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progeny belongs to the male and not to the female, and you are his daughter’s children?
‐ I ask you, by the right of the kinship, to exempt me (from that)
‐ No, you should tell me about your proof, O ‘Ali’s sons, and you are, Musa, their chief and the
Imam of their time; I do not exempt you (from that).
‐ Will you give me permission to answer?
‐ Give (me the answer).
‐ Allah has said in his book: and of his descendants, Dawud and Sulayman and Ayyub and Yousif
and Harun; and thus do We reward those who do good (to others). And Zakariya and Yehya and
Isa and Ilyas; every one was of the good.[1] Who is ‘Isa’s father, O Commander of the faithful?
‐ ‘Isa had no father.
‐ Allah has ascribed him to the descendants of the prophets through Maryam; similarly, we have
been ascribed to the descendants of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and his family, through our
mother Fatima, peace be on her.
Nevertheless, Harun asked Imam Musa to give him more evidence and proofs. So he, peace be on
him, responded to him, saying: “Allah, the Great and Almighty, has said: But whoever disputes
with you in this matter after what has come to you of knowledge, then say: Come, let us call our
sons and your sons and our women and your women and our near people and your near people,
then let us be earnest in prayer, and pray for the curse of Allah on the liars.[2] None claims that
the Prophet, may Allah bless him and his family, made someone enter under the cloak (kisa’)
when he challenged the Christians to a contest of prayer to Allah
[1] Surat al‐An'am, verses 84‐85.
[2] Surat Aal 'Umran, verse 60.
(mubahala) except ‘Ali b. Abi Talib, Fatima, al‐Hasan, and al‐Husayn. Therefore the explanation of
the words of Him, the Exalted, is: Our sons are al‐Hasan and al‐Husayn; our women is Fatima; our
near people is ‘Ali b. Abi Talib, peace be on him. He has added another proof to this proof: “Surly
the (religious) scholars have unanimously agreed that Gabriel said on the Day of Uhad: ‘O
Muhammed, surely this is the help from ‘Ali.’ So he (the Prophet), may Allah bless him and his
family, has said: ‘Surely he (‘Ali) is of me and I of him.’ So he (Gabriel) has said: ‘And I am of
you.’”[1]
Harun stopped his argument and found no way to follow, for the Imam gave undoutable,
conclusive arguments. Then Harun asked the Imam to write him a brief, comprehensive letter on
the affairs of the religion, and he, peace be on him, wrote him the letter that reads as follows:
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
All the affairs of the religion are four: the affair over which there is no difference; it is the
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