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Bida'.[2]
The Reality of al‐Bida' in the Sight of the Shi'a
The Shi'a have maintained al‐Bida', and the Imams of Ahl al‐Bayt, peace be on them, have
declared it; it has been reported that they have said: "Allah has not been served through a thing
like al‐Bida'." The great scholars have established through sufficient proofs the possibility and
necessity of conforming to it, but not in a general meaning, just as we will explain it. Among those
who have objectively and inclusively discussed it is Ayat Allah al‐'Uzma al‐Sayyid Abu al‐Qasim al‐
Khu'i; he has decided it in his research and written it in his Bayan. We will mention the text of
what he has written in his al‐Bayan. He has said: "Al‐Bida' in which the Imami Shi'a believe lies in
the evitable decree. As for the inevitable (decree), it does not stay behind. It is necessary that the
will associates with that which the decree associates. The explanation to that is in three parts:
"The first is Allah's decree of which He informs none of His creatures, and the stored knowledge
He has possessed alone. Without doubt al‐Bida' does not lie in this part; rather it has been
mentioned in many traditions reported on the authority of Ahl al‐Bayt, peace be on them, that al‐
Bida' arises from this knowledge.
"In his al‐'Uyyun, al‐Shaykh al‐Saduq has narrated on the authority of al‐Hasan b. Muhammed al‐
Nawfali that al‐Rida, peace be on him, said to Sulayman al‐
[1] Al‐Sihah. Al‐Qamoos. Asas al‐Balagha.
[2] Al‐Bidaya, vol. 1, p. 109.
Merwazi: 'I have reported on the authority of Abi 'Abd Allah (al‐Sadiq), peace be on him, that he
said: 'Surely Allah, the Great and Almighty, has two kinds of knowledge: stored and hidden
knowledge none knows except He; al‐Bida' is of that. The knowledge He taught to His angels and
His apostles, so the scholars from among the House of your Prophet know it. "In Basa'ir al‐Darajat
al‐Shaykh Muhammed b. al‐Hasan al‐Saffar has narrated on the authority of Abi Baseer on the
authority of Abi 'Abd Allah, who said: ''Surely Allah has two kinds of knowledge: stored and hidden
knowledge none knows except He; al‐Bida' is of that. The knowledge he taught to His angels and
His apostles and His prophets; and we know it.[1] "The second is Allah's decree of which He told
His Prophet and His angels that it would certainly happen; without doubt al‐Bida' is also not of this
part, though it is different from the first part that al‐Bida' does not arise from it.
Al‐Rida, peace be on him, said to Sulayman al‐Merwazi in the above‐mentioned tradition reported
by al‐Saduq: "'Ali said: 'Knowledge is of two kinds: a kind of knowledge Allah taught to His angels
and apostles, so what He taught to His angels and apostle would be; He neither deceives Himself
nor His angels nor His apostles; and there is with Him a kind of knowledge stored of which He
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