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and ask Him to perfect his reason. So whoever becomes sane is content with that which suffices
him. Whoever is content with that which suffices him becomes rich; and whoever is not content
with that which suffices him never attains riches. "O Hisham, most surely, Allah has given an
account of the people of Salih, who have said: Our Lord, make not our hearts to deviate after You
have guided us aright, and grant us from You mercy; surely You are the most liberal Giver. That
was when they came to know that their hearts deviated and returned to their blindness and
badness. Surely whoever has no knowledge of Allah does not fear Allah. Whoever has no
knowledge of Allah does not fasten his heart to the firm knowledge he sees and whose reality he
finds in his heart. None is so except him whose deeds are in agreement with his words and his
inward confirms his outward; that is because Allah, may His Name be Great, has not shown the
hidden, inward part of reason except through a manifest part of it and a speaker on its behalf."
In his last statements, the Imam, peace be on him, has referred to that if a believer's heart is not
illuminated by the Light of Allah and his reason is not rightly‐guided by the guidance of Allah, he is
not safe from deviation and apostasy after his adopting Islam. The Holy Qur'an has referred to this
phenomenon; Allah, the Most High, has said: That is because they believe, then disbelieve, so a
seal is set upon their hearts. And He, the Exalted, has said: And whoever of you turns back from
his religion, then he dies while unbeliever. For this reason the righteous always ask Allah not to
deviate their hearts and not to go astray from His religion, for, according to its formation and
structure, human soul is not safe from Satan's whisperings and delusions, and especially when it is
not granted success to avoid them.
Imam Musa, peace be on him, has said: "O Hisham, the Commander of the faithful, peace be on
him, has said: 'Allah is not served through a thing better than reason. Man's reason is not perfect
unless it has various qualities: unbelief and evil from him are safe. Reason and good from him are
hoped. The surplus of his money is spent. The surplus of his speech is prevented. His share of the
world is only daily bread. He is not full of knowledge throughout his lifetime. Abasement along
with Allah is more beloved to him than exaltedness along with other than Him. Humbleness is
more beloved to him than high rank. He regards as much the little good from other than him and
as little his own good. He sees that all men better than him, and that he is the most wicked of
them in his soul. This is the perfect affair."
Giving as proof of the meaning of his speech, Imam Musa, peace be on him, has quoted the
speech of his grandfather, Imam 'Ali, the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, in which he
has mentioned the qualities of the sane and the characteristics of their deeds. Imam Musa, peace
be on him, has said: "O Hisham, the rational do not tell lies even if their interests are in them.
"O Hisham, he who has no reason has no manhood; and that the greatest of men in importance is
he who does not see that the world is important for himself. As for that your bodies have no value
except the Garden; therefore do not sell them for other than it." The explanation of what the
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