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Imam Musa, peace be on him, has quoted these sacred verses as proofs of His, the Exalted,
destroying those who did not understand from among the bygone communities. The verses were
revealed concerning the people of Loot when they denied Allah and disbelieved in his
communications. So He, the Most High, caused His punishment to come down upon them and
placed their homeland in a bad‐smelling, ugly lacke and placed it by a permanent road by which
passers‐by passed in the morning and at night. For this reason He, the Exalted, has said: And most
surely you pass by them in the morning, and at night.[4] He, the Most High, made them a lesson
and an admonition to those who understand. He warned them against opposing and disobeying
the Apostles and the righteous, for the final result of opposition and disobedience is destruction
and ruin.[5]
Imam Musa, peace be on him, has said: "O Hisham, surely reason is with knowledge. Allah, the
Exalted, has said: And (as for) these examples, We set them forth for men, and none understands
them but the learned."[6] He, peace be on him, has cited this sacred verse as evidence for that
reason accompanies knowledge, for all kinds of reason do not leave knowledge, nor do they
separate themselves from it. Concerning the reason for the revelation of this verse, the explainers
of the Qur'an have said: "Why do Allah set forth examples of beasts and insects such misquotes,
flies, and spiders while the examples must be set forth of something important?" This thinking is
poor, for comparison is eloquent
[1] Surat al‐Rum, verse 32.
[2] Surat al‐Saffat, verses 136, 137, 138.
[3] Surat al‐'Anqabut, verses 33‐34.
[4] Ibn Kuthayr, Tafseer, vol. 4, p. 20.
[5] Rooh al‐Ma'ani, vol. 7, p. 313.
[6] Qur'an, Surat al‐'Anqabut, verse, 43.
when it has a strong effect on soul. For example, when a wise man says to someone who
backbites others: "You backbite them as if that you ate the flesh of a dead animal!" This statement
of his is more effective in deterring him than his saying: "Most surely backbiting is forbidden or it
brings about admonition and enmity among people." In His statement and none understands
them but the learned, Allah, the Most High, has referred to that none can understand the reality
of things and distinguish between the correct and incorrect from among them except those who
have science and knowledge; none understands that except the learned.[1] Now, will move to
another part of the speech of Imam Musa.
He, peace be on, him has said: "Then He (Allah) has dispraised those who do not understand,
saying: And when it is said to them: Follow what Allah has revealed, they say: Nay! We follow
what we found our fathers upon. What! and though their fathers had no sense at all, nor do they
follow the right way.[2] And He has said: And the parable of those who disbelieve is as the parable
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