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al‐Amin). He explained to him that the community suffered from the tyranny and oppression of
the ‘Abasids. So Ahmed inclined to him and joined his camp. Then he headed for the Banu
Shayban in the Arab Peninsula and asked
[1] Maqatil al‐Talibiyyin, p. 339.
[2] Nasr b. Shith was a head of one of the Arab tribes that lived in Iraq. He had an 'Alawid
inclinations.
[3] Maqatil al‐Talibiyyin, p. 519.
Hirthima to give them salaries, so over two thousand horsemen joined him. After al‐Amin had
been killed, Hirthima decreased the salaries of the army. This displeased Abu al‐Saraya, and he
decided to withdraw from him. Abu al‐Saraya asked the permission of Hirthima to go to Mecca to
perform the hajj, and he permitted him and gave him twenty thousand dirhams. Abu al‐Saraya
took the money and divided it among his companions. Through that he could attract their hearts
and feelings. Then he asked them to follow him to ‘Ayn al‐Tamr. When they arrived at it, they
killed the governor over it and confiscated his properties. Then they met another ‘Abbasi
governor; they took his possessions and divided them among themselves.
Hirthima sent an army to war against Abu al‐Saraya. When the two armies met, the army of
Hirthima was defeated and suffered heavy causalities. Then Abu al‐Saraya headed for al‐Anbar[1].
When he arrived in it, he controlled the local administration. He killed its governor, Ibrahim al‐
Sharawi, and confiscated all his properties. Then he took his army and went on destroying the
‘Abbasid governors and their hirelings. He arrived in al‐Riqqa and met Ibrahim. As a result they
decided to overthrow the ‘Abbasid government and to pledge allegiance to al‐Rida from among
the family of Muhammed.[2] Abu al‐Saraya practiced some battles, went to war, and came to
know of its methods. He was endowed with the strength of will, determination, and decision.
Muhammed b. Ibrahim entrusted him with the general, military leadership. He had confidence in
him; he trusted to him the affairs and plans of the revolt.
The Declaration of the Revolt
Muhammed and Abu al‐Saraya agreed on the declaration of the revolt and overthrowing the
‘Abbasid government. So Abu al‐Saraya headed his troops and advanced towards Naynawa; he
headed for the grave of the master of the martyrs (al‐Husayn), peace be on him. He visited the
great Shrine for a long time. He recited the poetry lines of Mansur al‐Nimri, saying:
May my own soul be sacrificed for al‐Husayn when he left early in the morning for death, running,
not returning. That day attacked with its sword the shoulder of Islam.[3] You hurried to death lest
an urgent vengeance should befall the people. Allah does not hasten when you hasten; Allah is
not heedless of what you see. She (Fatima) is wronged, and the Prophet, her father, turns (his)
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