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youngest. Al‐Ashnani (an author) has added to them: ‘Attfa, ‘Abbasa, Khadija the elder, Khadija,[3]
and Sarha.[4] Accordingly, the number of the ladies from among his children is thirty‐seven.
Shaykh al‐Aftuni has written a poem on their names, saying:
And his children are: ‘Ali the lamp, Ibrahim and al‐‘Abbas comes after him.
And Qasim, Ja‘far, Muhammed, Harun, Isma‘il, then Ahmed.
And Hamza, Ishaq, ‘Abd Allah, Zayd, Sulayman, ‘Ubayd Allah.
Two Ruqays, Hasan, then Hasan, Zayneb, Um Salama (who were) endowed with insight.
Um Abeeha, with whom the number is complete. All of them are the children of noble mistresses,
not ignoble. In his poem, al‐Aftuni has mentioned twenty‐two persons. He is among those who
believe that they were twenty‐two persons; this statement is very weak, for their number is more
than that. We will mention a brief account of those whose biographies we have found:
1. Imam al‐Rida
He is the eighth Imam from among the Imams of Ahl al‐Bayt from whom Allah kept away the
uncleanness and thoroughly purified. Through him Allah gave life to Islam and strengthened the
Muslims. So the Imam, peace be on him, was among those who renewed the religion, defended it,
and struggled for it. We will briefly talk about some of his affairs:
[1] 'Umdat al‐Talib.
[2] Ahsan al‐Kibar.
[3] Al‐Mujjdi.
[4] Tuhfat al‐Azhar.
His Birth place and day
He, peace be on him, was born in Yethrib (Medina), in the year 148 A. H. It was said that he was
born in Rabi‘ al‐Awal 11, in the year 153 A. H.[1] The Prophetic family celebrated that brilliant day
with delight and happiness, for the best of the inhabitants of the earth after his forefathers came
to them. As for Imam Musa al‐Kazim, peace be on him, he took his baby and performed on his
behalf the rites of birthday. He said the adhan in his right ear and the iqama in his left ear. On the
seventh day he sacrificed a ram on his behalf, shaved his hair, and gave to the needy silver equal
to it.
His Early life
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